The document discusses the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group (TAPAS). It provides information on who they are, what they do in terms of developing knowledge through publications, building capacity, and networking. Their structure includes different committees focused on strategy, communities, biodiversity, economics, knowledge development, capacity building, and communication. The importance of nature-based tourism and sustainable development is discussed. Financial and economic impacts of COVID-19 on nature-based tourism are also summarized.
Tourism and visitor management in protected areas: visitor management tools a...Anna Spenceley
This presentation shares information on visitor management tools that move away from the question of "How many visitors is too many?" towards "What are the desired conditions?" (i.e. It shares links to key resources that can help managers decide which tools are best for them to use.
Presentation on the study commissioned by the CDB looking at 'Tourism Industry Reform: Strategies for Enhanced Economic Impact ' delivered by Dr. Amos Peters, Economist, CDB on May 25, 2017 at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors in the Turks and Caicos Islands.
Tourism and visitor management in protected areas: visitor management tools a...Anna Spenceley
This presentation shares information on visitor management tools that move away from the question of "How many visitors is too many?" towards "What are the desired conditions?" (i.e. It shares links to key resources that can help managers decide which tools are best for them to use.
Presentation on the study commissioned by the CDB looking at 'Tourism Industry Reform: Strategies for Enhanced Economic Impact ' delivered by Dr. Amos Peters, Economist, CDB on May 25, 2017 at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors in the Turks and Caicos Islands.
The trends of Tunisian tourism : Strategic positioning of Tunisia in Mediterr...moez kACEM
1-The Major Trends of Mediterranean Tourism
2- Basic frame of data trends of Tunisian Tourism
3- SWOT Anlysis of Tunisian Tourism
4- The new strategy of Tunisian Tourism
Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism Conference (ESTC) (http://www.ecotourismconference.org/) presentation by Glenn Jampol, President, CANAECO, presented in September 2011. Organized by The International Ecotourism Society (http://www.ecotourism.org), the ESTC is a unique annual conference providing practical solutions to advance sustainability goals for the tourism industry.
Tourism and Partnership in Peru: Models for CollaborationDavid Vicent
Excellent UNWTO Publication about the different collaboration models in Peru between culture, Tourism and Comunity, Nice best practices in community based toursim and orange tourism
AfDB Integrated Safeguards System - Policy Statement and Operational SafeguardsDr Lendy Spires
On December 17, 2013 the Boards of the African Development Bank unanimously adopted the Integrated Safeguards System (ISS) – a cornerstone of the Bank’s strategy to promote growth that is socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable. Safeguards are a powerful tool for identifying risks, reducing development costs and improving project sustainability, thus benefiting affected communities and helping to preserve the environment.
With this Integrated Safeguards System the Bank will be better equipped to address emerging environmental and social development challenges. The Integrated Safeguards System not only promotes best practices in these areas but also encourages greater transparency and accountability. It upholds the voices of people who are affected by Bank-funded operations, especially the most vulnerable communities, by providing, for example, project-level grievance and redress mechanisms – a structured, systematic and managed way of allowing the voices and concerns of affected people to be heard and addressed during project planning and implementation.
The AfDB, in accordance with its mandate views economic and social rights as an integral part of human rights, and accordingly affirms that it respects the principles and values of human rights as set out in the UN Charter and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights. These were among the principles that guided the development of the Integrated Safeguards System. The AfDB encourages member countries to observe international human rights norms, standards, and best practices on the basis of their commitments made under the International Human Rights Covenants and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights.
The Integrated Safeguards System has been developed through extensive consultations. In particular, five regional workshops – in Nairobi, Lusaka, Libreville, Abuja and Rabat – provided the Bank with an opportunity to listen to and address concerns raised by our stakeholders and civil society.
All of this has contributed to what we believe is an unusually strong and well-considered policy package for the Bank – one that is built on broad experience – embodies today’s cutting-edge thinking, and will serve the Bank and Africa for many years to come.
It puts the Bank in the forefront of multilateral development banks, with a clear, integrated package of policies and procedures to address the safeguards issues that arise in development. We believe the Integrated Safeguards System will strengthen the Bank’s ability to carry out its mandate and will help increase the effectiveness and development impact of our operations.
But more than that, the Integrated Safeguards System will be one of the strongest tools we have for helping to promote the well-being of our true clients, Africa’s people.
Call for Speakers - AIDF event series asia 2015 Overviewaidforum
If you have a compelling case study or research to share, one that will inspire and inform other senior development leaders and decision makers, one that goes to the heart of how the world is changing, then we have an exclusive audience eager to hear from you.
The trends of Tunisian tourism : Strategic positioning of Tunisia in Mediterr...moez kACEM
1-The Major Trends of Mediterranean Tourism
2- Basic frame of data trends of Tunisian Tourism
3- SWOT Anlysis of Tunisian Tourism
4- The new strategy of Tunisian Tourism
Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism Conference (ESTC) (http://www.ecotourismconference.org/) presentation by Glenn Jampol, President, CANAECO, presented in September 2011. Organized by The International Ecotourism Society (http://www.ecotourism.org), the ESTC is a unique annual conference providing practical solutions to advance sustainability goals for the tourism industry.
Tourism and Partnership in Peru: Models for CollaborationDavid Vicent
Excellent UNWTO Publication about the different collaboration models in Peru between culture, Tourism and Comunity, Nice best practices in community based toursim and orange tourism
AfDB Integrated Safeguards System - Policy Statement and Operational SafeguardsDr Lendy Spires
On December 17, 2013 the Boards of the African Development Bank unanimously adopted the Integrated Safeguards System (ISS) – a cornerstone of the Bank’s strategy to promote growth that is socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable. Safeguards are a powerful tool for identifying risks, reducing development costs and improving project sustainability, thus benefiting affected communities and helping to preserve the environment.
With this Integrated Safeguards System the Bank will be better equipped to address emerging environmental and social development challenges. The Integrated Safeguards System not only promotes best practices in these areas but also encourages greater transparency and accountability. It upholds the voices of people who are affected by Bank-funded operations, especially the most vulnerable communities, by providing, for example, project-level grievance and redress mechanisms – a structured, systematic and managed way of allowing the voices and concerns of affected people to be heard and addressed during project planning and implementation.
The AfDB, in accordance with its mandate views economic and social rights as an integral part of human rights, and accordingly affirms that it respects the principles and values of human rights as set out in the UN Charter and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights. These were among the principles that guided the development of the Integrated Safeguards System. The AfDB encourages member countries to observe international human rights norms, standards, and best practices on the basis of their commitments made under the International Human Rights Covenants and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights.
The Integrated Safeguards System has been developed through extensive consultations. In particular, five regional workshops – in Nairobi, Lusaka, Libreville, Abuja and Rabat – provided the Bank with an opportunity to listen to and address concerns raised by our stakeholders and civil society.
All of this has contributed to what we believe is an unusually strong and well-considered policy package for the Bank – one that is built on broad experience – embodies today’s cutting-edge thinking, and will serve the Bank and Africa for many years to come.
It puts the Bank in the forefront of multilateral development banks, with a clear, integrated package of policies and procedures to address the safeguards issues that arise in development. We believe the Integrated Safeguards System will strengthen the Bank’s ability to carry out its mandate and will help increase the effectiveness and development impact of our operations.
But more than that, the Integrated Safeguards System will be one of the strongest tools we have for helping to promote the well-being of our true clients, Africa’s people.
Call for Speakers - AIDF event series asia 2015 Overviewaidforum
If you have a compelling case study or research to share, one that will inspire and inform other senior development leaders and decision makers, one that goes to the heart of how the world is changing, then we have an exclusive audience eager to hear from you.
Welcome Visitors: Critical success factors, Anna SpenceleyAnna Spenceley
A presentation mad during a World Parks Congress event "Welcome Visitors: Making Tourism Work for Protected Areas and Sustainable Development: Part 1 – Critical Success Factors" that took place on 17 November 2014 in Sydney, Australia. Supported by the IUCN WCPA Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group and UNDP
Presentation on a paper entitled, "Is it more fun in the Philippines? : Challenges to sustainable tourism development in the Philippines" at the International Interdisciplinary Conference on the Environment (IICE) in Portland, Oregon (June, 2013)
Results from the scoping study on Natura 2000 and Jobs : ten Brink P., Mutafoglu K., Schweitzer J-P., , Underwood E., Tucker G., Russi D., Howe M., Maréchal A., Olmeda C., Pantzar M., and Kettunen M. (2017) Natura 2000 and Jobs: Scoping Study – Executive Summary. Brussels. April 2017. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/pdf/Natura_2000_and%20_jobs_executive_summary.pdf
Spatial Science for Sustainable Development, Spatial Vision address by Dr Gil...GillianSparkesPhDMBA
'Spatial Science for Sustainable Development and Unlocking the Transformative Power of the SDGs'. Commissioner for Environmental Sustainability Dr Gillian Sparkes discusses developments in spatial technology at the 2020 Victorian Spatial Showcase & eSummit, 19 November 2020.
FEMIP Report on Climate Change in the Mediterraneangueste33f29
FEMIP, the European Investment Bank’s (EIB) dedicated facility for the Mediterranean, together with the UNEP have published a study on "Climate change, energy and water in the Mediterranean".
The report, available in English and French, deals with the impact of climate change in the region. It calls for a strong investment in renewable energy and measures to modernise electricity production and improve energy efficiency.
FEMIP Report on Climate Change in the MediterraneanPARIS
FEMIP, the European Investment Bank’s (EIB) dedicated facility for the Mediterranean, together with the UNEP have published a study on "Climate change, energy and water in the Mediterranean".
The report, available in English and French, deals with the impact of climate change in the region. It calls for a strong investment in renewable energy and measures to modernise electricity production and improve energy efficiency.
Similar to Increasing financial resiliency for protected areas and key biodiversity areas (20)
Sources of finance, Sue Snyman and Paul EaglesAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Legal framework for concessions in protected areas, Paul F J EaglesAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Fundamentals of tourism: NGOs in protected areas, Paul F J EaglesAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Fundamentals of tourism and concessions in protected areas, Paul F J EaglesAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Getting the job done: Skills and capacity needs, Sue SnymanAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Getting ready: Scoping, design and feasibility, Anna SpenceleyAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Managing concessions in protected areas, Paul F J EaglesAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Guidelines for tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas, Anna ...Anna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Making it happen: Procurement and contracting, Anna SpenceleyAnna Spenceley
Presentation made at the CBD/IUCN TAPAS Group meeting on "Tourism partnerships and concessions in protected areas: Cooperating for success" meeting in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park
Green Tourism certification - presentation and panel session from COP22Anna Spenceley
This presentation includes an introductory presentation by Dr Tarek Ahmed, followed by a Situational analysis of Sustainable tourism certification, waste and water management in African Hotels. Panel participants and discussion questions are included from COP22 on Climate Change
Situational analysis tourism certification, water and waste management in AfricaAnna Spenceley
This presentation was given at the COP22 on Climate Change, on 8 November 2016. The paper is the result of a study commissioned by the African Development Bank.
The World Bank Group has recently published Part One of a ‘Tourism Concessioning Toolkit in Protected Areas’, authored by Anna Spenceley, Hermione Nevill, Carla Faustiano Coelho and Michelle Souto.
The work was led by the World Bank Group's Tourism and Competitiveness Global Practice, and the International Finance Corporation's Public-Private Partnership Transaction Advisory Department (C3P), drawing from experience in Mozambique, South Africa, and other parts of the world. This document sets out the stage and core principles to be taken into consideration when designing concessioning programs.
Overview:
Governments and Protected Areas Authorities are under increasing pressure to preserve the beauty and biodiversity of their beaches, parks, and pristine natural sites, while also growing tourism activity.
Tourism concessioning is one solution. Delivering successful tourism concessioning programs, however, is challenging and depends on the right mix of characteristics, technical expertise, and institutional experience.
The World Bank Group presents 14 key characteristics displayed in most successful tourism concessioning programs.
This book by Anna Spenceley and Andrew Rylance is designed to help you understand how to travel responsibly. It provides a step-by-step guide on how to find and book holidays and trips that benefit the local environment and the people who live there.
Tourism and the World Parks Congress: Lessons learned, key trends and future ...Anna Spenceley
Presentation at the International Conference on Contemporary Perspectives in Tourism and Hospitality Research: Policy, Practice and Performance, University of Brighton, UK
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
3. Who we are
IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas
(WCPA) Specialist Group
Voluntary technical network
Specialists on tourism and protected areas and
areas of particular importance to biodiversity
4. What we do - knowledge
PARKS The International Journal of
Protected Areas and Conservation
Issue 18.2: December 2012
Developing capacity for a protected planet
Publications Services Unit
219c Huntingdon Road
Cambridge, CB3 0DL, UK
Tel: + 44 1223 277894
Fax: + 44 1223 277175
E-mail: info@iucn.org
www.iucn.org/bookstore Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 8
IUCN
World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA)
The World Conservation Union
Sustainable Tourism
in Protected Areas
Guidelines for Planning
and Management
Paul F. J. Eagles, Stephen F. McCool
and Christopher D. Haynes
Adrian Phillips, Series Editor
SustainableTourisminProtectedAreas:GuidelinesforPlanningandManagement
w the world’s number
nd protected areas are
n increasing proportion
rative to manage tourist
hat visitors can
tected areas without
t they come to see.
www.iucn.org/commissions/world-
commission-protected-areas/our-work/
tourism-tapas/resources
9. The importance of nature-based tourism
& sustainable development
Prior to the pandemic (Balmford et al, 2015):
• 8 billion visits to protected areas p/a
• USD 600 bn direct in-country expenditure p/a
• USD 250 bn consumer surplus p/a
10. 21.8 million jobs are supported by wildlife tourism
Global wildlife tourism generates 5 x more revenue than the
illegal wildlife trade (WTTC, 2019)
11.
12.
13. Financial and economic impacts
National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/subjects/socialscience/vse.htm
16. Operator’s most immediate concerns
% of responses
n=544 responses (Question 26)
Percentages are given as a proportion of responses to each option
Version: 28 July 2020
17. Anticipated level of change in
environmental crime in operator’s areas
as a result of the COVID-19 crisis
Percentage of responses
n=499 responses (Question 27)
+ 100% reported by 13.2%
+ 46.6% on average
Version: 28 July 2020
18. Likely change in local environmental services expenditure
(e.g. security, anti-poaching, park or concession fees etc.)
Local environmental spending in the previous completed financial year:
• Local spend represented 54.0% of the total
• Local value - Average: USD 161,034 Total: USD 57,650,342
n=369 responses (Question 22)
Likely % change this financial year
• n=388 responses (Question 23)
• Note: All respondents reporting +75% were contacted to verify their responses. Some, but
not all, changed their response to a negative figure. It is therefore possible that some the
outstanding respondents in the +75% category also intended a negative figure.
Percentage of responses
- 100% reported by 11.3%
- 36.1% on average
Version: 28 July 2020
22. www.conservation.cam.ac.uk/files/waldron_report_30_by_30_publish.pdf
• Financial analysis showed that
expanding PAs to 30% would
generate higher overall output
(revenues) than non-expansion (an
extra $64 billion-$454 billion per
year by 2050)
• Economic analysis focused on forests
and mangroves. For those biomes
alone, the 30% target had an
avoided-loss value of $170-$534
billion per year by 2050
• Economic growth in the PA/nature
sector (at 4-6%) was also many times
faster than the 1% growth expected
in competing sectors
23. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-1275-6
“The COVID-19 crisis threatens conservation
efforts in Africa with a ‘perfect storm’ of
reduced conservation funding, depleted
management capacity, collapse of community-
based natural resource management enterprises,
and elevated threats”
Actions:
1. Manage immediate crisis
2. Defend against future disease outbreaks
3. Address systematic flaws in conservation
4. Increase the resilience of conservation