This document summarizes a study conducted in Barcelona and Lleida, Spain to improve citizens' sleeping habits. The study measured factors like sleep hours, efficiency, and satisfaction for 24 volunteers over 6 months using activity trackers, weight measurements, and questionnaires. Preliminary analysis of the data showed relationships between sleep and lifestyle habits. Next steps include developing models to send personalized daily, weekly and monthly recommendations to improve sleep, which will be piloted through the CarpeDiem app with new volunteers in Catalonia.

1. November 22nd, 2019
Improving Sleeping Habits:
Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Eloisa Vargiu1, Carme Zambrana1, Adriano Targa2 ,Ferran Barbe2,3
1Eurecat, Centre Tecnlògic de Catalunya, eHealth Unit, Barcelona, Spain
2Institut de Recerca Biomedica (IRBlleida), Lleida
3CIBERES, Madrid, Spain

2. The Context

3. 3Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
The Underlying Problem
• To live longer, healthier and more active, people at any age
must follow simple and clear suggestions that cover the 3 main
pillars of health
o Nutrition,
o Physical activity
o Sleeping-activity
• A lot of effort has been done to support good habits on nutrition
providing personalized diet and continuous follow-up and to
encourage and monitor physical activity
• Sleeping activity is still an untaught and unconsidered
problem

4. 4Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
A Worldwide Problem
• The proportion of people who sleep less than the recommended
hours (i.e., between 7 and 9) continuously increases
• Factors
o modern society
o psycho-social stress
o unbalanced diet
o lack of physical activity
o excessive use of electronic media
• The relationship between sleep time and health, outside of the
normal window (7-9 hours), both below and above, is
associated with a
o high risk of stroke
o coronary heart disease
o hypertension
o obesity
o type 2 diabetes
o mortality

5. 5Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Factors that Influence Sleeping
Intrinsic
Lifestyle habits
Sleep
Extrinsic

6. 6Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Research Questions
[Q1] How we may improve sleeping habits of citizens?
[Q2] How the environment influences and impacts the sleeping
activity of citizens?
[Q3] How bad lifestyle habits influence and impact the sleeping
activity of citizens?

8. 8Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Intrinsic
How to Measure the Influencing Factors
Lifestyle habits
Sleep
Extrinsic

9. 9Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Lifestyle habits
Sleep
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
How to Measure the Influencing Factors

10. 10Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Lifestyle habits
Sleep
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
How to Measure the Influencing Factors

11. 11Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Lifestyle habits
Sleep
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
How to Measure the Influencing Factors

12. 12Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
The Proposed Solution

13. 13Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Categories of Interest
Sleeping Hours
1. less than 7
hours
2. between 7
and 9 hours
3. more than 9
hours
Efficiency
1. less than
50%;
2. between 50%
and 95%
3. more than
95%
Satisfaction
1. Never
2. Rarely
3. Sometimes
4. Normally
5. Always

14. Preliminary Experiments

15. 15Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Our Population
• The analysis of the data have been
done using the data of 24
volunteers (38.43 ± 11.46 years
old; 15 females; and 23.09 ± 3.66
BMI)
• The study started on May and will
finish in December
• Volunteers were asked to
o wear their activity tracker 24/7
o to weight once a week
o to answer the selected
questionnaires at the end of the
week
• The day of the inclusion, we also
took note of
o the comfort of the bed of each
volunteer
o her/his address

16. 16Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Preliminary Analysis

17. 17Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Preliminary Analysis

18. 18Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Preliminary Analysis

19. 19Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Daily Monitoring

20. 20Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Weekly Monitoring

21. 21Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Monthly Monitoring

22. Next Steps

23. 23Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
As soon as 6 months of data will be
collected from all
the volunteers, we will build the models for
sending daily, weekly, and monthly
recommendations and nudges
To do list…
Clinicians in IRBLleida are currently working
on the definition of them
At the beginning of next year, the system
will be integrated in the CarpeDiem app and
the pilot will start with new volunteers from
both Barcelona and Lleida, as well as further
towns in the Catalonia Region

24. 24Improving Sleeping Habits: Preliminary Experiments in Barcelona and Lleida
Thank you
Eloisa Vargiu
eloisa.vargiu@eurecat.org