Importance of IA function
Key concepts of independent and objectivity
Idea of governance of risk control 3 functions
Assurance and consulting difference
Roles of the Board, Senior management, Internal Audit, External Audit pertains internal control
The responsibilities of CAE
The component of ERM, Role of IA in ERM(Inferent Risk, Controllable Risk and Residual Risk)
What are segment of duties
Difference between Risk appetite, Risk response and Risk assessment
What are the different types of controls
Solution
Answer:The Importance of IA function are
Key concepts of independent and objectivity:Members and Candidates must use reasonable care
and judgment to achieve and maintain independence and objectivity in their professional
activities. Members and Candidates must not offer, solicit, or accept any gift, benefit,
compensation, or consideration that reasonably could be expected to compromise their own or
another\'s independence and objectivity.
The difference between Risk appetite, Risk response and Risk assessment:
Both risk appetite and risk tolerance set boundaries of how much risk an entity is prepared to
accept. Risk appetite is a higher level statement that considers broadly the levels of risks that
management deems acceptable while risk tolerances are more narrow and set the acceptable level
of variation around objectives. For instance, a company that says that it is does not accept risks
that could result in a significant loss of its revenue base is expressing appetite. When the same
company says that it does not wish to accept risks that would cause revenue from its top-10
customers to decline by more than 10% it is expressing tolerance. Operating within risk
tolerances provides management greater assurance that the company remains within its risk
appetite, which, in turn, provides a higher degree of comfort that the company will achieve its
objectives. A risk assessment is a systematic examination of a task, job or process that you carry
out at work for the purpose of; Identifying the significant hazards that are present (a hazard is
something that has the potential to cause someone harm or ill health).
The different types of controls are:.
PECB Webinar: Aligning ISO 31000 and Management of Risk MethodologyPECB
The webinar covers:
• ISO 31000 as the adopted standard, for ISO standards that have risk components, such as ISO 27005 and OHSAS 18001
• Description of Management of Risk (MoR) – how organizations can benefit
• Complementary values that ISO 31000 and MoR bring to each other
• How Risk Managers can evolve a practical approach to carrying out Risk Processes
Presenter:
This webinar was presented by PECB Trainer Orlando Olumide Odejide, an experienced Enterprise Architect and Chief Trainer for Training Heights Limited.
CISSPills are short-lasting presentations covering topics to study in order to prepare CISSP exam. CISSPills is a digest of my notes and doesn't want to replace a studybook, it wants to be only just another companion for self-paced students.
Every issue covers different topics of CISSP's CCBK and the goal is addressing all the 10 domains which compose CISSP.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Domain 3: Information Security Governance and Risk Management
- Security Management
- Risk Management
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Analysis
- Information Risk Management Policy
- Risk Assessment Methodologies
- Risk Analysis Approaches
- Steps of a Quantitative Risk Analysis
- Control Selection
- Total Risk vs Residual Risk
- Risk Handling
PECB Webinar: Aligning ISO 31000 and Management of Risk MethodologyPECB
The webinar covers:
• ISO 31000 as the adopted standard, for ISO standards that have risk components, such as ISO 27005 and OHSAS 18001
• Description of Management of Risk (MoR) – how organizations can benefit
• Complementary values that ISO 31000 and MoR bring to each other
• How Risk Managers can evolve a practical approach to carrying out Risk Processes
Presenter:
This webinar was presented by PECB Trainer Orlando Olumide Odejide, an experienced Enterprise Architect and Chief Trainer for Training Heights Limited.
CISSPills are short-lasting presentations covering topics to study in order to prepare CISSP exam. CISSPills is a digest of my notes and doesn't want to replace a studybook, it wants to be only just another companion for self-paced students.
Every issue covers different topics of CISSP's CCBK and the goal is addressing all the 10 domains which compose CISSP.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Domain 3: Information Security Governance and Risk Management
- Security Management
- Risk Management
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Analysis
- Information Risk Management Policy
- Risk Assessment Methodologies
- Risk Analysis Approaches
- Steps of a Quantitative Risk Analysis
- Control Selection
- Total Risk vs Residual Risk
- Risk Handling
Risk Assessment Training and Coaching for medium size organizations with no risk management or internal audit functions who are nevertheless concerned about risk.
We teach employees the basics of Risk Management and then workshop them through their first risk assessment. Their increased risk awareness enables them to identify and manage your organization's risks as part of their current responsibilities.
STRATEGIC PLANNINGManaging Risks A NewFrameworkby Rob.docxsusanschei
STRATEGIC PLANNING
Managing Risks: A New
Framework
by Robert S. Kaplan and Anette Mikes
FROM THE JUNE 2012 ISSUE
W
Editors’ Note: Since this issue of HBR went to press, JP Morgan, whose risk management practices are
highlighted in this article, revealed significant trading losses at one of its units. The authors provide
their commentary on this turn of events in their contribution to HBR’s Insight Center on Managing
Risky Behavior.
hen Tony Hayward became CEO of BP, in 2007, he vowed to make safety his top
priority. Among the new rules he instituted were the requirements that all
employees use lids on coffee cups while walking and refrain from texting while
driving. Three years later, on Hayward’s watch, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded in the Gulf
of Mexico, causing one of the worst man-made disasters in history. A U.S. investigation commission
attributed the disaster to management failures that crippled “the ability of individuals involved to
identify the risks they faced and to properly evaluate, communicate, and address them.” Hayward’s
story reflects a common problem. Despite all the rhetoric and money invested in it, risk
management is too often treated as a compliance issue that can be solved by drawing up lots of rules
and making sure that all employees follow them. Many such rules, of course, are sensible and do
reduce some risks that could severely damage a company. But rules-based risk management will not
diminish either the likelihood or the impact of a disaster such as Deepwater Horizon, just as it did
not prevent the failure of many financial institutions during the 2007–2008 credit crisis.
Identifying and Managing
Preventable Risks
In this article, we present a new categorization of risk that allows executives to tell which risks can
be managed through a rules-based model and which require alternative approaches. We examine
the individual and organizational challenges inherent in generating open, constructive discussions
about managing the risks related to strategic choices and argue that companies need to anchor these
discussions in their strategy formulation and implementation processes. We conclude by looking at
how organizations can identify and prepare for nonpreventable risks that arise externally to their
strategy and operations.
Managing Risk: Rules or Dialogue?
The first step in creating an effective risk-management system is to understand the qualitative
distinctions among the types of risks that organizations face. Our field research shows that risks fall
into one of three categories. Risk events from any category can be fatal to a company’s strategy and
even to its survival.
Category I: Preventable risks.
These are internal risks, arising from within the organization, that are controllable and ought to be
eliminated or avoided. Examples are the risks from employees’ and managers’ unauthorized, illegal,
unethical, incorrect, or inappropriate actions and the risks from br.
Risk management in the investment banking industry involves proactive risk management strategies and other mitigation systems to avoid surprises in the business. Learn more here.
Doculabs Global Risk and Compliance Infographic changes the way corporations view risk by converging COSO 2013, enterprise risk management, GRC controls, and enterprise information management. Added is also the demand for Vulnerability and Threat Assessments to the traditional Risk Assessment methodology.
Setting Conduct Risk Appetite. Assessing risk and identifying cultural driver...Compliance Consultant
Conduct Risk is sweeping the financial services world and catching many risk manager out as there is still a lack of understanding.
Risk management need to determine the corporate risk philosophy and appetite. To assess or understand the risk philosophy, try to comprehend the organisation's culture, values and environment. The way business operations are conducted on a daily basis and the organisation’s strategy are typically good indicators where you can find the company risk philosophy. Assess whether business has an aggressive, innovative, typical or conservative attitude towards risks for achieving business goals.
Risk appetite is simply the amount of risk which the organisation is willing to take to undertake business activities and achieve the business objectives, where Conduct Risk is concerned this has to include good customer outcomes. A simple question to ask the board of members could be “What amount of reported mismanagement or public uproar would make you uncomfortable if it appeared in the business newspapers?”
Consolidate the various risk exposures from the risk department's identified risks and present them to the board. Finally, assess whether the company’s internal perception and rhetoric on risk philosophy and appetite are consistent with the board and other stakeholder's viewpoints. Realign the two where required to prepare the annual strategy.
A performance indicator for assessing a company’s capacity to fulfil its long-term financial obligations is the solvency ratio. The solvency ratio is a key factor in determining a developer’s financial health and capacity to execute a project in real estate investments.
With respect to data, list and discuss 4 things that can be implied .pdfumamaheshwari991
With n = 11 and p = 0.3, find the binomial probability P(5) by using a binomial probability table.
(b) if np ? 5 and nq ?5, also estimate the indicated probability by using the normal distribution as
an approproximation to the binomial; if np < 5 or nq < 5, then state that the normal
approximation cannot be used.
(a) Find the probability by using a binomial probability table.
P (5) =
(round to three decimal places as needed.)
(b) Select the correct choice below and if neccessary, fill in the answer box to complete your
choice.
A. P(5) =
(Round to four decimal places as needed)
B. The normal distribution cannot be used.
Answer Letter \"B\" only and show work,please.
Solution
Answer B)
Since np= 11*0.3= 3.3 which is less than 5 normal approximation cannot be used.
with the answer rounded to four decimals a horse race has 13 entrie.pdfumamaheshwari991
With n=14 and p=0.3, find the binomial probability P(6) by using a binomial probability table.
P(6)=
(Round to the three decimal)
Also,
If np is greater than or equal to 5 and nq is greater than or equal to 5, estimate the indicated
probability by using the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial.
Solution
for n=14 ,p=0.3,r=6 here r is the success here we want to calculate probability of
getting 6 success out of 14 trial having chance of success is 30 % in each trial so using binomial
distribution p(6)= 14C6 *p^6*(1-p)^(14-6)= 14C6*p^6*(1-p)^8 = 14C6*(0.3)^6*(0.70)^8
P(6)=0.126202 ( using table) np=14*0.3=4.2<5 nq=14*0.7=9.8>5.
More Related Content
Similar to Importance of IA functionKey concepts of independent and objectivi.pdf
Risk Assessment Training and Coaching for medium size organizations with no risk management or internal audit functions who are nevertheless concerned about risk.
We teach employees the basics of Risk Management and then workshop them through their first risk assessment. Their increased risk awareness enables them to identify and manage your organization's risks as part of their current responsibilities.
STRATEGIC PLANNINGManaging Risks A NewFrameworkby Rob.docxsusanschei
STRATEGIC PLANNING
Managing Risks: A New
Framework
by Robert S. Kaplan and Anette Mikes
FROM THE JUNE 2012 ISSUE
W
Editors’ Note: Since this issue of HBR went to press, JP Morgan, whose risk management practices are
highlighted in this article, revealed significant trading losses at one of its units. The authors provide
their commentary on this turn of events in their contribution to HBR’s Insight Center on Managing
Risky Behavior.
hen Tony Hayward became CEO of BP, in 2007, he vowed to make safety his top
priority. Among the new rules he instituted were the requirements that all
employees use lids on coffee cups while walking and refrain from texting while
driving. Three years later, on Hayward’s watch, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded in the Gulf
of Mexico, causing one of the worst man-made disasters in history. A U.S. investigation commission
attributed the disaster to management failures that crippled “the ability of individuals involved to
identify the risks they faced and to properly evaluate, communicate, and address them.” Hayward’s
story reflects a common problem. Despite all the rhetoric and money invested in it, risk
management is too often treated as a compliance issue that can be solved by drawing up lots of rules
and making sure that all employees follow them. Many such rules, of course, are sensible and do
reduce some risks that could severely damage a company. But rules-based risk management will not
diminish either the likelihood or the impact of a disaster such as Deepwater Horizon, just as it did
not prevent the failure of many financial institutions during the 2007–2008 credit crisis.
Identifying and Managing
Preventable Risks
In this article, we present a new categorization of risk that allows executives to tell which risks can
be managed through a rules-based model and which require alternative approaches. We examine
the individual and organizational challenges inherent in generating open, constructive discussions
about managing the risks related to strategic choices and argue that companies need to anchor these
discussions in their strategy formulation and implementation processes. We conclude by looking at
how organizations can identify and prepare for nonpreventable risks that arise externally to their
strategy and operations.
Managing Risk: Rules or Dialogue?
The first step in creating an effective risk-management system is to understand the qualitative
distinctions among the types of risks that organizations face. Our field research shows that risks fall
into one of three categories. Risk events from any category can be fatal to a company’s strategy and
even to its survival.
Category I: Preventable risks.
These are internal risks, arising from within the organization, that are controllable and ought to be
eliminated or avoided. Examples are the risks from employees’ and managers’ unauthorized, illegal,
unethical, incorrect, or inappropriate actions and the risks from br.
Risk management in the investment banking industry involves proactive risk management strategies and other mitigation systems to avoid surprises in the business. Learn more here.
Doculabs Global Risk and Compliance Infographic changes the way corporations view risk by converging COSO 2013, enterprise risk management, GRC controls, and enterprise information management. Added is also the demand for Vulnerability and Threat Assessments to the traditional Risk Assessment methodology.
Setting Conduct Risk Appetite. Assessing risk and identifying cultural driver...Compliance Consultant
Conduct Risk is sweeping the financial services world and catching many risk manager out as there is still a lack of understanding.
Risk management need to determine the corporate risk philosophy and appetite. To assess or understand the risk philosophy, try to comprehend the organisation's culture, values and environment. The way business operations are conducted on a daily basis and the organisation’s strategy are typically good indicators where you can find the company risk philosophy. Assess whether business has an aggressive, innovative, typical or conservative attitude towards risks for achieving business goals.
Risk appetite is simply the amount of risk which the organisation is willing to take to undertake business activities and achieve the business objectives, where Conduct Risk is concerned this has to include good customer outcomes. A simple question to ask the board of members could be “What amount of reported mismanagement or public uproar would make you uncomfortable if it appeared in the business newspapers?”
Consolidate the various risk exposures from the risk department's identified risks and present them to the board. Finally, assess whether the company’s internal perception and rhetoric on risk philosophy and appetite are consistent with the board and other stakeholder's viewpoints. Realign the two where required to prepare the annual strategy.
A performance indicator for assessing a company’s capacity to fulfil its long-term financial obligations is the solvency ratio. The solvency ratio is a key factor in determining a developer’s financial health and capacity to execute a project in real estate investments.
With respect to data, list and discuss 4 things that can be implied .pdfumamaheshwari991
With n = 11 and p = 0.3, find the binomial probability P(5) by using a binomial probability table.
(b) if np ? 5 and nq ?5, also estimate the indicated probability by using the normal distribution as
an approproximation to the binomial; if np < 5 or nq < 5, then state that the normal
approximation cannot be used.
(a) Find the probability by using a binomial probability table.
P (5) =
(round to three decimal places as needed.)
(b) Select the correct choice below and if neccessary, fill in the answer box to complete your
choice.
A. P(5) =
(Round to four decimal places as needed)
B. The normal distribution cannot be used.
Answer Letter \"B\" only and show work,please.
Solution
Answer B)
Since np= 11*0.3= 3.3 which is less than 5 normal approximation cannot be used.
with the answer rounded to four decimals a horse race has 13 entrie.pdfumamaheshwari991
With n=14 and p=0.3, find the binomial probability P(6) by using a binomial probability table.
P(6)=
(Round to the three decimal)
Also,
If np is greater than or equal to 5 and nq is greater than or equal to 5, estimate the indicated
probability by using the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial.
Solution
for n=14 ,p=0.3,r=6 here r is the success here we want to calculate probability of
getting 6 success out of 14 trial having chance of success is 30 % in each trial so using binomial
distribution p(6)= 14C6 *p^6*(1-p)^(14-6)= 14C6*p^6*(1-p)^8 = 14C6*(0.3)^6*(0.70)^8
P(6)=0.126202 ( using table) np=14*0.3=4.2<5 nq=14*0.7=9.8>5.
Wireless local-area networks (LANs) have greater risks than wired LA.pdfumamaheshwari991
wireless electricity essay in 2000 words
Solution
wireless electricity is the method of transmission of electricity without the use of man-made
conductors. This is a modern and hi-tech way of transmitting electrical energy. It is mostly used
in cases when it is difficult or impossible to transfer electricity using traditional methods.
Generally conducting wires are used to transmit electricity over an area.
Wireless electricity implemented by different methods
1.Inductive coupling
2.Radio frequency harvesting
3.Magnetically coupled resonance
One of the most common ways of achieving wireless transmission of electricity is direct
induction and resonant magnetic induction. There are other ways of achieving this too, like
electrical conduction and electromagnetic radiation. In direct induction, two conductors are
coupled such that changes in current in one conductor induces voltage in the other
conductor.This happens due to electromagnetic induction. Transformers use this method.
In resonant magnetic induction, the energy is transferred between two wires which are tuned at
the same frequency. The machine used for this purpose is known as resonance transformer.
These two methods done in the given order help in transmission of electricity in wireless fashion.
Electromagnetic radiations used are microwaves or lasers. Electromagnetic induction can also be
used for wireless transmission. It can be magnetic or capacitive in nature. Capacitive coupling is
also known as an electrostatic induction method. With laser or microwave method, power
transmission can be made more directional.
In systems of coupled resonances, there is often a general \"Strongly Coupled\" regime of
operation. If one can operate in that regime in a given system, Midrange power transfer
implemented in this way can be nearly omni directional and efficient, irrespective of the
geometry of the surrounding space, with low interference and losses into environmental objects.
The above considerations apply irrespective of the physical nature of the resonances. Magnetic
resonances are particularly suitable for everyday applications because most of the common
materials do not interact with Magnetic Fields, so interactions with Environmental objects are
suppressed even further. We were able to identify the strongly coupled regime in the system of
two coupled magnetic resonances by exploring Non-radioactive (near-field) magnetic resonant
induction at Megahertz frequencies.
Why wireless electricity needed
Now a days there is a Rapid development of autonomous electronics like laptops, cell-phones,
house-hold robots and all the above devices typically rely on chemical energy storage(Battery)
.As they are becoming daily needs to present generation, Wireless energy transfer would be
useful for many applications as above and they need midrange energy.
Currently, wired electricity powers nearly everything. It travels through wires in the form of
Alternating Current, and powers most of our devices in .
with a 0.1 level of significance and a Standard deviation of 13, How.pdfumamaheshwari991
With ? = .05 and a sample of n = 30 participants in a repeated-measures study comparing two
treatments, what are the t statistic boundaries for the two-tailed critical region?
Solution
given a = .05 and a sample of n = 15 participants in a repeated-measures
degrees of freedom = n-1 =14
t statistic boundaries for the two-tailed critical region is (-2.145,2.145).
with a well-designed sample survey, the sample percentage is very li.pdfumamaheshwari991
With a perfectly balances roulette wheel, in the long run, red numbers should turn up 18 times in
38. To test its wheel, one casino records the results of 3,800 plays, finding 1,890 red numbers. Is
that too many reds? Or chance variation?
(a) Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses as statements about a box model.
(b) The null says that the percentage of reds in the box is _____. The alternative says that the
percentage of reds in the box is ______. Fill in the blanks.
Solution
Ho: p=18/38
H1: p18/38
Test statistic: z = (p_hat - p)/sqrt(p(1-p)/n) = (1890/3800 - 18/38)/sqrt((18/38)*(1-18/38)/3800) =
2.92
p-value = 2* z(2.92) = 2*0.0017 = .0034
Reject Ho since p-value is less than =0.05.
The sample indicates that there were too many reds..
Wilma just sold the shares of International Inns stock that she owed.pdfumamaheshwari991
Wilma just sold the shares of International Inns stock that she owed for $156 per share she
purchased the stock one year ago for $150 per share. If Wilma did not receive any dividend
payments during the year, what yield did she earn on her investment?
Solution
If Wilma did not receive any dividend payments during the year, what yield did she earn on her
investment?
Ans) Yield she earn on her investment = (156-150)/150 * 100
= 4%.
Willy, Nellie, Janis, Anmie, and Bob work for a group within a compa.pdfumamaheshwari991
Willy, Nellie, Janis, Anmie, and Bob work for a group within a company in Cerritos. A subgroup
of of three of them will be chosen to represent the group at a job conference. how many different
groups af three could be selected?
Solution
5 C 3 = 5! / 2!* 3! = 10 different groups..
In a certain class of students, there are 12 bous from Wilmette, 4 g.pdfumamaheshwari991
In a certain class of students, there are 12 bous from Wilmette, 4 girls from Kenilworth, 9 girls
Wilmette, 7 boys from Glencoe, 5 boys from Kenilworth and 5 girls from Glencoe. If the teacher
calls upon a student to answer a question, what is the porbabilty that the student will be from
Kenilworth?
Solution
9/42.
In 8 years Joey and Monica would like to have $14000 for a down paym.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 8 years Joey and Monica would like to have $14000 for a down payment on a house. How
much should they deposit each half-year into an account paying 8% compounded semi-annually?
Answer = $ ??
Solution
Let x be the amount deposited each half year
so, we have x(1 + r/2)16 = 14000
=> x = 14000/1.0416 = 7474.71
Answer = $ 7474.71.
In 2015, Dominique and Felix are married and file a joint Federal In.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2015, Dominique and Felix are married and file a joint Federal Income tax return. Their AGI
is $ 312,650, and they claim three dependency exemptions. Compute the taxpayers total
deduction for exemptions for the year.
Solution
standard deduction =$12,600
Total deduction for exemption=12600+(5*4000)= $32,600
5*4000 is for 3 dependency and dominic and felix total 5.
In 2014, the AICPAs Professional Ethics Executive Committee adopte.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2014, the AICPA\'s Professional Ethics Executive Committee adopted a revised Code of
Professional Conduct that is effective December 15, 2014. Briefly describe how the new Code is
structured and indicate where would you find guidance about the importance of integrity.
Solution.
In 2012, the Commonwealth of Virginia contemplated outsourcing the m.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2012, the Commonwealth of Virginia contemplated outsourcing the management of its port to
private operators. Most large ports in the U.S. (L.A.,Seattle, NY/NJ) have one or more private
firms managing and operating them. Ultimately, Virginia decided not to privatize its port
management.
(a)Why might a private operator generate better results than a public sector operator?
(b)A private operator has to pay for the right to operate a port. If you are in charge of a port,
perhaps L.A., how would you determine the right amount of money to charge the private
operator?
(c)How could you structure the contract so that the private operator has an incentive to do well
and L.A. will also do well at the same time?
Solution
(a) Operations and Managemnet of ports are businesses in their own right and should be
managed to achieve optimal utilization of capital. Investments in port assets are affected by risk,
competition for land and capital, or other factors in the competitive business environment.
Subsidies and government-provided incentives distort the allocation of resources for port
development and may result in over- or underinvestment. Therefore, private operators may
generate better results than a public sector operator.
(b) For determing the right amoount of money to be charged to private operators, an authority of
port has to consider numerouos factors that may affect the interport competition. Such as
geographical location including Proximity to one or more major maritime routes, natural deep
water, good protection against waves and currents, large waterfront and landside expansion
possibilities, proximity to major production or consumption areas, good hinterland connections
(road, rail, pipeline, and waterway) with high frequency service offering good connectivity.
Types of cargos handled at the port, Institutional structure and socioeconomic climate are other
factors that measures the benefits for the operators. Besides costs will also be determined and
then a match between them is found to get the right amount of charge.
(c) The contract would include some government interventions to improve the public goods, that
are inherently nondivisible and nonconsumable, such as public safety, security, and a healthy
environment. Investments would be made by the public in port assets that have strong direct and
indirect multiplier effects on the entire national economy and, further, that the commitment of
public resources would be made available to encourage coinvestment by the commercial and
industrial sectors..
In 2012 Annie invests $55,000 in an activity for which she is not a .pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2012 Annie invests $55,000 in an activity for which she is not a material participant. Annie
has no other sources of income. Annie\'s losses from the activity are as follows:
Income/(Loss)
2012 ($45,000)
2013 ($20,000)
2014 $30,000
Calculate Annie’s deductible loss, basis, and any losses suspended under the at-risk and/or
passive activity loss rules each year.
Solution
As Tonu is not a material participant, the basis will be
Year 1 55000
Year 2 10000(55000-45000)
Year 3 -10000(10000-20000)
The risk will be
2012 55000
2013 10000
2014 (10000).
In 2011, the government of Greece ran into severe financial difficul.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2011, the government of Greece ran into severe financial difficulties. For years, the Greek
government had spent much more than it had received in tax revenue, financing the substantial
budget deficits by borrowing. If Greece had had its own currency, rather than being part of the
euro area, how could that help Greece solve the problem? (Make sure you state your intuition)
Hint: Using Open Economy
Solution
Euro zone as a monetary union which takes the most extreme form of fixed exchange regime. If
Greece continues following fixed exchange rate, it will be unable to adjust its exchange rate in
accordance to its budget. It will lose its flexibility to operate in the market and adjust its finances.
However, had the country had its own currency, it would have helped itself out of the deficit by
adjusting the exchange rate and thus money inflow..
In 2009, AppleSolution In an agricultural re.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2009, Apple
Solution
In an agricultural report, a commodities analyst suggests that there is a correlation
between debt and income in the farming business. The table shows the total debts (in millions of
dollars) and total incomes (in millions of dollars) for farms in seven states for a recent year. At ?
= 0.05, is there enough evidence to support the analyst.
In 2001, 34.6 of European citizens stated they had been the victim .pdfumamaheshwari991
In 2001, 34.6% of European citizens stated they had been the victim of identity theft. You
conduct a follow-up survey and determine that 40 were victims of identity theft out of 150
European citizens in 2004. What is probability that no more than 40 people will be victims of
identity theft? Is this unusual?
Solution
mean =n*p=150*.346=51.9
variance=n*p*1-p=33.94
sd=5.82
P(X<40)=(40-51.9/5.82)=(-2.04)
=.0207.
In 1974, there were 17 countries that had at least One nuclear react.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 1974, there were 17 countries that had at least One nuclear reactor installed and operating. The
mean and standard deviation of the numbers of nuclear power reactors for 17 countries are 7.5
and 11.1 respectively.
A. The USA had 42 operating nuclear power reactors. Do you think any country had more?
Why?
B. Do you think the data are symmetric or skewed?
Solution
Z =(42-7.5)/(11.1/17) = 12.815
P(Z > 12.815) =0
So, no country had more.
symmetrical.
In 1948 Claude Shannon quantified information asSolutionDescr.pdfumamaheshwari991
In 1948 Claude Shannon quantified information as:
Solution
Description: Basically in a message we get information. But getting such information is
probability oriented. It means we expect to get such and such information. There is no surprising
act. But if there is any surprise of getting unexpected information, then this is not probability
oriented. It means, there was no probability in the mind of recipient of getting such information.
Therefore, Surprise and probability are inversely related. More surprise indicates less probability.
Beyond information: This description is beyond the defination of information. This is the
mathematical exposure of information and probability.
Quantify: Information is quantified by recipient\'s surprise. More surprise means more
information..
Important to reference, main referencing styles and role of bibliogr.pdfumamaheshwari991
Important to reference, main referencing styles and role of bibliography?
Solution
Referencing can be described as a system that is used in academic community to tell where the
theories, ideas, facts and quotes can be found for reference.
The main referencing styles are as follows:
A bibliography can be defined as a list of articles, manuscripts, books and government
documents that are arranged and described in a systematic order.
Role of Bibliography:.
Implement a linear congruential random generator and study the perio.pdfumamaheshwari991
Implement a linear congruential random generator and study the periodicity and the nonlinear
dependencies that may exist among the generated sequence of numbers as the parameters
Solution
http://www.ees.nmt.edu/outside/courses/hyd510/PDFs/Programming using
matlab.pdf.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
Importance of IA functionKey concepts of independent and objectivi.pdf
1. Importance of IA function
Key concepts of independent and objectivity
Idea of governance of risk control 3 functions
Assurance and consulting difference
Roles of the Board, Senior management, Internal Audit, External Audit pertains internal control
The responsibilities of CAE
The component of ERM, Role of IA in ERM(Inferent Risk, Controllable Risk and Residual Risk)
What are segment of duties
Difference between Risk appetite, Risk response and Risk assessment
What are the different types of controls
Solution
Answer:The Importance of IA function are
Key concepts of independent and objectivity:Members and Candidates must use reasonable care
and judgment to achieve and maintain independence and objectivity in their professional
activities. Members and Candidates must not offer, solicit, or accept any gift, benefit,
compensation, or consideration that reasonably could be expected to compromise their own or
another's independence and objectivity.
The difference between Risk appetite, Risk response and Risk assessment:
Both risk appetite and risk tolerance set boundaries of how much risk an entity is prepared to
accept. Risk appetite is a higher level statement that considers broadly the levels of risks that
management deems acceptable while risk tolerances are more narrow and set the acceptable level
of variation around objectives. For instance, a company that says that it is does not accept risks
that could result in a significant loss of its revenue base is expressing appetite. When the same
company says that it does not wish to accept risks that would cause revenue from its top-10
customers to decline by more than 10% it is expressing tolerance. Operating within risk
tolerances provides management greater assurance that the company remains within its risk
appetite, which, in turn, provides a higher degree of comfort that the company will achieve its
objectives. A risk assessment is a systematic examination of a task, job or process that you carry
out at work for the purpose of; Identifying the significant hazards that are present (a hazard is
something that has the potential to cause someone harm or ill health).
The different types of controls are:
