The document discusses efforts to close the immunization gap and fully immunize children worldwide against preventable diseases. It notes that while vaccines have immunized 80% of children globally, 20% remain unprotected. In the 1980s, UNICEF and partners launched a major drive to vaccinate children in developing countries, increasing coverage from 20% to 80%. However, over 6 million children still die each year from preventable causes. The document outlines strategies to achieve vaccine coverage targets and end epidemics by 2030, noting that taking vaccines to remote, marginalized communities is key to closing the immunization gap.
The relationship between the European Union and UNICEF,
the United Nations Children’s Fund, has deepened in recent years, as the EU has joined forces with UNICEF to secure the highest possible quality of life for children the world over.
“We have a privileged relationship both ways,” says UNICEF
Director of Programmes Dr. Nicholas Alipui, “in which we can bring a lot of our field expertise and global outreach to the policy and programme and humanitarian work that they do, and we can benefit from their new focus on human rights and the rights of children”.
Both the EU & UNICEF are working towards all children having access to and enjoying the right to education, adequate nutrition, safe water and sanitation and health. Other priorities include protection from discrimination, exploitation, violence and abuse.
Did you know: 3 out of 4 are vulnerable to HIV AIDS?TalentsIn India
“Care for us and accept us – we are all human beings. We are normal. We have hands. We have feet. We can walk, we can talk, we have needs just live everyone else – don’t be afraid of us – we are all the same!”
- An Aids Patient
World Academy for the Future of Women - MDGDonna Harris
The World Academy for the Future of Women training young women to be the future leaders of their communities and countries, and teaching them to be socially conscious enough to dedicate themselves to truly worthwhile work. Our work is based on the UN Millenium Development Goals.
This is a 10 year outlook presentation for World Vision's work within Asia Pacific. It looks at the current development context across the region, the intensity of poverty and global mega trends which should be considered over the next 10 years.
This presentation was delivered to the World Vision Asian Forum in August 2011 in Taiwan. The Forum is intended for Senior Leaders from World Vision and Board Members from Asian Offices.
Dr. Luke Nkinsi's "Africa matters" presentation on Ebola Outbreak in West Africa and Maternal & Children Health Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa at Seattle Rainier Beach Public Library - December 5 2014
1152018 Yuzu Case Studies in Global Health Millions Saved.docxdrennanmicah
11/5/2018 Yuzu: Case Studies in Global Health: Millions Saved
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PRINTED BY: [email protected] Printing is for personal, private use only. No part of
this book may be reproduced or transmitted without publisher's prior permission. Violators will be prosecuted.
CASE 5 Eliminating Polio in Latin America and the
Caribbean*
ABSTRACT
Geographic area: Latin America and the Caribbean
Health condition: In the 1970s, Latin America had an estimated 15,000 paralysis cases and
1,750 deaths each year due to polio. The oral polio vaccine was introduced in the region in
1977.
Global importance of the health condition today: Today, polio is on the verge of being erased
from the globe. As recently as 1988, 125 countries were endemic for polio, with an
estimated 350,000 cases. Through the first half of 2006, just four countries were reported
endemic for polio, and fewer than 700 cases were reported worldwide. This dramatic
reduction is the result of massive oral polio vaccine (OPV) immunizations through a global
eradication campaign.
Intervention or program: In 1985, the Pan American Health Organization began a polio
eradication campaign in Latin America and the Caribbean, to complement the routine
immunization efforts of the newly formed Expanded Programme on Immunization. To
increase immunization coverage in areas with weak routine health services, all endemic
countries in the region implemented national vaccine days twice a year to immunize every
child under 5, regardless of vaccination status. In the final stages of the campaign,
“Operation Mop-Up” was launched to aggressively tackle the disease with house-to-house
vaccinations in communities reporting polio cases and with low coverage. An extensive
surveillance system helped track outbreaks.
33
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Cost and cost-effectiveness: The first five years of the polio campaign cost $120 million: $74
million from national sources and $46 million from international donors. Taking into
consideration the savings from treatment, these donor contributions would pay for
themselves in just 15 years. The administration of the vaccine is highly cost-effective, at just
$20 for a healthy year of life in a high-mortality environment.
Impact: In 1991, the last case of polio was reported in Latin America and the Caribbean. The
disease reemerged briefly in 2000 when 20 vaccine-associated cases were reported in Haiti
and the Dominican Republic, but no other cases have been reported since 1991. Today, polio
has been eliminated from Latin America and the Caribbean.
As the world struggles to wipe out the last traces of polio, one region has been polio free for
more than a decade. The experience of polio.
Co-authors: Dr Christa, Mr Akhil Shaji, Mr Elijah Kwame
Module: Principles of Infection and Disease Control
Supervisor: Mr William Mackay Gordie and Ms Fiona Hernandez
University of the West of Scotland
The relationship between the European Union and UNICEF,
the United Nations Children’s Fund, has deepened in recent years, as the EU has joined forces with UNICEF to secure the highest possible quality of life for children the world over.
“We have a privileged relationship both ways,” says UNICEF
Director of Programmes Dr. Nicholas Alipui, “in which we can bring a lot of our field expertise and global outreach to the policy and programme and humanitarian work that they do, and we can benefit from their new focus on human rights and the rights of children”.
Both the EU & UNICEF are working towards all children having access to and enjoying the right to education, adequate nutrition, safe water and sanitation and health. Other priorities include protection from discrimination, exploitation, violence and abuse.
Did you know: 3 out of 4 are vulnerable to HIV AIDS?TalentsIn India
“Care for us and accept us – we are all human beings. We are normal. We have hands. We have feet. We can walk, we can talk, we have needs just live everyone else – don’t be afraid of us – we are all the same!”
- An Aids Patient
World Academy for the Future of Women - MDGDonna Harris
The World Academy for the Future of Women training young women to be the future leaders of their communities and countries, and teaching them to be socially conscious enough to dedicate themselves to truly worthwhile work. Our work is based on the UN Millenium Development Goals.
This is a 10 year outlook presentation for World Vision's work within Asia Pacific. It looks at the current development context across the region, the intensity of poverty and global mega trends which should be considered over the next 10 years.
This presentation was delivered to the World Vision Asian Forum in August 2011 in Taiwan. The Forum is intended for Senior Leaders from World Vision and Board Members from Asian Offices.
Dr. Luke Nkinsi's "Africa matters" presentation on Ebola Outbreak in West Africa and Maternal & Children Health Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa at Seattle Rainier Beach Public Library - December 5 2014
1152018 Yuzu Case Studies in Global Health Millions Saved.docxdrennanmicah
11/5/2018 Yuzu: Case Studies in Global Health: Millions Saved
https://reader.yuzu.com/#/books/9781449626228/cfi/6/14!/4/[email protected]:0 1/15
PRINTED BY: [email protected] Printing is for personal, private use only. No part of
this book may be reproduced or transmitted without publisher's prior permission. Violators will be prosecuted.
CASE 5 Eliminating Polio in Latin America and the
Caribbean*
ABSTRACT
Geographic area: Latin America and the Caribbean
Health condition: In the 1970s, Latin America had an estimated 15,000 paralysis cases and
1,750 deaths each year due to polio. The oral polio vaccine was introduced in the region in
1977.
Global importance of the health condition today: Today, polio is on the verge of being erased
from the globe. As recently as 1988, 125 countries were endemic for polio, with an
estimated 350,000 cases. Through the first half of 2006, just four countries were reported
endemic for polio, and fewer than 700 cases were reported worldwide. This dramatic
reduction is the result of massive oral polio vaccine (OPV) immunizations through a global
eradication campaign.
Intervention or program: In 1985, the Pan American Health Organization began a polio
eradication campaign in Latin America and the Caribbean, to complement the routine
immunization efforts of the newly formed Expanded Programme on Immunization. To
increase immunization coverage in areas with weak routine health services, all endemic
countries in the region implemented national vaccine days twice a year to immunize every
child under 5, regardless of vaccination status. In the final stages of the campaign,
“Operation Mop-Up” was launched to aggressively tackle the disease with house-to-house
vaccinations in communities reporting polio cases and with low coverage. An extensive
surveillance system helped track outbreaks.
33
https://jigsaw.yuzu.com/books/9781449626228/epub/OPS/loc_006.xhtml#eid2348
11/5/2018 Yuzu: Case Studies in Global Health: Millions Saved
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Cost and cost-effectiveness: The first five years of the polio campaign cost $120 million: $74
million from national sources and $46 million from international donors. Taking into
consideration the savings from treatment, these donor contributions would pay for
themselves in just 15 years. The administration of the vaccine is highly cost-effective, at just
$20 for a healthy year of life in a high-mortality environment.
Impact: In 1991, the last case of polio was reported in Latin America and the Caribbean. The
disease reemerged briefly in 2000 when 20 vaccine-associated cases were reported in Haiti
and the Dominican Republic, but no other cases have been reported since 1991. Today, polio
has been eliminated from Latin America and the Caribbean.
As the world struggles to wipe out the last traces of polio, one region has been polio free for
more than a decade. The experience of polio.
Co-authors: Dr Christa, Mr Akhil Shaji, Mr Elijah Kwame
Module: Principles of Infection and Disease Control
Supervisor: Mr William Mackay Gordie and Ms Fiona Hernandez
University of the West of Scotland
Eradicating Smallpox Case 1Eradicating SmallpoxG.docxSALU18
Eradicating Smallpox �
Case 1
Eradicating Smallpox
Geographic area: Worldwide
Health condition: in �966, there were approximately �0 million to �5 million cases of smallpox in more
than 50 countries, and �.5 million to 2 million people died from the disease each year.
Global importance of the health condition today: Smallpox has been eradicated from the globe, with no
new cases reported since �978. However, the threat of bioterrorism keeps the danger of smallpox alive,
and debate continues over whether strains of the disease should be retained in specified laboratories.
Intervention or program: in �965, international efforts to eradicate smallpox were revitalized with the es-
tablishment of the Smallpox Eradication Unit at the World Health organization and a pledge for more tech-
nical and financial support from the campaign’s largest donor, the United States. Endemic countries were
supplied with vaccines and kits for collecting and sending specimens, and the bifurcated needle made
vaccination easier. an intensified effort was led in the five remaining countries in �973, with concentrated
surveillance and containment of outbreaks.
Cost and cost-effectiveness: the annual cost of the smallpox campaign between �967 and �979 was
$23 million. in total, international donors provided $98 million, while $200 million came from the endemic
countries. the United States saves the total of all its contributions every 26 days because it does not
have to vaccinate or treat the disease.
Impact: By �977, the last endemic case of smallpox was recorded in Somalia. in may �980, after two
years of surveillance and searching, the World Health assembly declared that smallpox was the first dis-
ease in history to have been eradicated.
T
he eradication of smallpox—the complete ex-
termination of a notorious scourge—has been
heralded as one of the greatest achievements
of humankind. Inspiring a generation of public
health professionals, it gave impetus to subsequent vac-
cination campaigns and strengthened routine immuni-
zation programs in developing countries. It continues
to be a touchstone for political commitment to a health
goal—particularly pertinent in light of the United Na-
tions’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
But the smallpox experience is far from an uncompli-
cated story of a grand accomplishment that should (or
could) be replicated. Although the story shows how
great global ambitions can be realized with leadership
and resources, it also illustrates the complexities and
unpredictable nature of international cooperation.
The Disease
Smallpox was caused by a variola virus and was transmit-
ted between people through the air. It was usually spread
by face-to-face contact with an infected person and to a
lesser extent through contaminated clothes and bedding.The first draft of this case was prepared by Jane Seymour.
2 Eradicating Smallpox
Once a person contracted the disease, he or she re-
mained apparentl ...
CASE 1 Eradicating SmallpoxABSTRACTGeographic area Worldwi.docxannandleola
CASE 1 Eradicating Smallpox*
ABSTRACT
Geographic area: Worldwide
Health condition: In 1966, there were approximately 10 million to 15 million cases of smallpox in more than 50 countries, and 1.5 million to 2 million people died from the disease each year.
Global importance of the health condition today: Smallpox has been eradicated from the globe, with no new cases reported since 1978. However, the threat of bioterrorism keeps the danger of smallpox alive, and debate continues over whether strains of the disease should be retained in specified laboratories.
Intervention or program: In 1965, international efforts to eradicate smallpox were revitalized with the establishment of the Smallpox Eradication Unit at the World Health Organization (WHO) and a pledge for more technical and financial support from the campaign’s largest donor, the United States. Endemic countries were supplied with vaccines and kits for collecting and sending specimens, and the bifurcated needle made vaccination easier. An intensified effort was led in the five remaining countries in 1973, with concentrated surveillance and containment of outbreaks.
Cost and cost-effectiveness: The annual cost of the smallpox campaign between 1967 and 1979 was $23 million. In total, international donors provided $98 million, while $200 million came from the endemic countries. The United States saves the total of all its contributions every 26 days because it does not have to vaccinate or treat the disease.
Impact: By 1977, the last endemic case of smallpox was recorded in Somalia. In May 1980, after two years of surveillance and searching, the World Health Assembly (WHA) declared that smallpox was the first disease in history to have been eradicated.
The eradication of smallpox—the complete extermination of a notorious scourge—has been heralded as one of the greatest achievements of humankind. Inspiring a generation of public health professionals, it gave impetus to subsequent vaccination campaigns and strengthened routine immunization programs in developing countries. It continues to be a touchstone for political commitment to a health goal—particularly pertinent in light of the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
But the smallpox experience is far from an uncomplicated story of a grand accomplishment that should (or could) be replicated. Although the story shows how great global ambitions can be realized with leadership and resources, it also illustrates the complexities and unpredictable nature of international cooperation.
THE DISEASE
Smallpox was caused by a variola virus and was transmitted between people through the air. It was usually spread by face-to-face contact with an infected person and to a lesser extent through contaminated clothes and bedding.
Once a person contracted the disease, he or she remained apparently healthy and noninfectious for up to 17 days. But the onset of flulike symptoms heralded the infectious stage, leading after two or three days to a.
8. 8 UNICEF ACT n Fall 2015
T
he Eliminate Project is
UNICEF and Kiwanis’
fundraising campaign
to eliminate maternal and
neonatal tetanus (MNT). MNT
is a disease caused when bacteria
come into contact with open cuts
during childbirth. MNT kills one
baby every 11 minutes, and it kills
mothers, too.
But it’s easy to save lives
from MNT; in fact, it takes only
$1.80 to buy the vaccines that
protect a mother and her baby.
As an MNT Eliminator, I share
this information around my
school. I also collect donations
from my classmates by having
a coin drive at my school; the
change from anyone’s pockets
can easily be enough to protect a
family or more.
It’s easy to make a difference!
Kiwanis International (kiwanis.org) has
been dedicated to serving the children
of the world since 1915. Its more than
600,000 members raise money and
volunteer their time to benefit their
communities and
The Eliminate Project.
Kids Helping Kids
Annajulia Santa Elena is a senior at Del Lago
Academy in Escondido, California. She is a member
of her school’s UNICEF High School Club, as well as
the Key Club, the service organization for teens
offered by Kiwanis International. In her words …
More Kids Helping Kids,
through…
Share Voices for Vaccine’s “Kick the Flu out of School” toolkit
(at bitly.com/KickFlu) with a teacher and get started!
Visit shotatlife.org and read about the many ways to help provide
vaccines where they are most needed.
Join your local Rotary Interact or Kiwanis Key Club.
Have a UNICEF fundraiser for lifesaving items at inspiredgifts.
unicefusa.org. For example, each $31−$37 contributed can provide
100 measles vaccines, 200 polio vaccines, or 400 tetanus vaccines.
It’s Your
Turn to
CourtesyofAnnajuliaSantaElena
RotaryInternational(rotary.org):Rotaryhasbeen
tacklingtheworld’smostpressinghumanitarianchallenges
since1905.Itsglobalmembershipof1.2millionvolunteers
helpsfamiliesinneedintheirowncommunities,and
itworkswithUNICEFtowardapolio-freeworld.Its
“Interact”serviceclubsareorganizedandsponsored
byRotaryclubsforyouth12–18yearsold.