Presentation of Ani Munirah and Mohd Zakhiri at International Conference on Dispute Resolution 2017 at Ahmad ibrahim Kulliyyah of Law, International Islamic University Malaysia, Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. Title of the paper: Justice on Wheels: Mobile Court Initiatives in Various Jurisdictions.

1. JUSTICE ON WHEELS:
MOBILE COURT INITIATIVES IN
VARIOUS JURISDICTIONS
Ani Munirah Mohamad & Mohd Zakhiri Md Nor
School of Law, Universiti Utara Malaysia
06010 Sintok, Kedah 1
International Conference on Dispute Resolution (ICDR) 2017
Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws, International Islamic University Malaysia
9-10 August 2017

2. Access to Justice
2
The ability to seek and obtain
remedy for grievances through
formal or informal institutions of justice

3. What is Mobile Court?
Justice on
Wheels
Courts meet
the people
Usually
rural areas
Simple
matters
Complicated
matters
3

4. Motivations for Mobile Courts
Improving
access to
justice
Top-down
approach
Bottom-up
approach
Facilitated
infrastructure 4

5. India (since 2007)
5Bus as
‘sidewalk’ justice
Civil + Criminal
cases
Functions as a
normal court

6. Bangladesh (since 2009)
6Mobile Courts
Act 2009
April 2017 – trials by
executive magistrates
declared null
Trials by judicial
magistrates
remain valid

7. Malaysia (since 2010)
7
Remote areas
of Sabah and
Sarawak
Matters such as
certification of
documents
Bus, boats, wade
through rivers,
stay in tents

8. Pakistan (since 2013)
8Civil Mobile
Courts Act 2015
Civil cases not
exceeding
Rp200,000
Money claims,
land rights,
movable
properties

9. Conclusion
• Common motivational factor = bottom-up and top-down
approach
• Diverse approach in implementation: infrastructure,
jurisdiction, subject matters
• Our direction:
• identify the various initiatives
• what is the impact of such initiatives
• challenges + improvements
9

10. Thank you for your
kind attention
10