The document discusses hydro development possibilities in Lebanon. It reviews the country's current hydro fleet of 282 MW across 5 river systems. Rehabilitating old plants could increase capacity by 92 MW. A master plan identified 32 potential new sites totaling 263-368 MW. 25 of these sites with a minimum selling tariff of under 12 $c/kWh could provide an additional 233-315 MW. 13 potential micro-hydro pilot sites were also identified on existing infrastructure with around 5 MW total capacity.
Hydropower Electricity in Lebanon - Beirut Energy Forum 2014Karim Osseiran
Review of Hydroelectric potential for Lebanon following the implementation of the Conveyor 800 irrigation project & other initiatives by the Litani Water Authority
Status of North American CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) Projects - presentation by Adam Berger in the International CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
Hydropower Electricity in Lebanon - Beirut Energy Forum 2014Karim Osseiran
Review of Hydroelectric potential for Lebanon following the implementation of the Conveyor 800 irrigation project & other initiatives by the Litani Water Authority
Status of North American CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) Projects - presentation by Adam Berger in the International CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
Why Super Low Loss Amorphous Transformers are a Non-brainer for Britain’s Lea...EMEX
Supply transformers are a common piece of electrical infrastructure on campuses across the UK. Despite some major advancements in super low loss technology, old and inefficient transformers continue to waste thousands of pounds in avoidable electricity costs each year. This session will showcase energy saving capabilities of modern supply transformers and provide you with the opportunity to get best practice advice and first-hand experience from a senior engineer in the estates and environment department of one of Britain’s leading Universities.
Carter Jonas presentation for Blake Lapthorn green breakfast on 4 May 2011Blake Morgan
Blake Lapthorn were pleased to welcome Andrew Watkin, Partner and Head of Energy and Marine team at Carter Jonas, as speaker at its green breakfast held on 4 May in Oxford.
Increased need for flexibility in the European energy transitionIlkka Hannula
Rapid addition of wind and solar energy puts technical and economic pressure on the existing energy system. Increasing flexibility is key to integration of large shares of variable renewables, and in enabling an affordable renewables-led system. But how to achieve this? And what role will bioenergy play?
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ORKNEY’S WINDFARM DEVELOPMENT FOR SELF-SUFFICIENT FOR EN...aeijjournal
In Orkney islands, a number of wind energy projects have been established due to its potential for wind energy development especially as cluster developments on hilltop and moorland. This Self-sufficient Orkney Wind Energy (SOWE) project is trying to follow this pattern of development and has designed as a simple linear development of medium-large scale wind turbines which avoids dominating the landscape, while providing diversification required for the energy security, along with strong economic benefits to the local community. The developer completed preliminary designs and landscape assessment, resulting in the detailed design and the development of 27 wind turbine project for the expectation to generated electricity
of 549.2 GWh annually. The SOWE project has been designed and selected the use of the Enercon E44 - 900 kW and Norex N80 - 2.5 MW wind turbines. These machines represent the maximum scale, respectively, as; • the site layout and all modelling have used a 45m, and 60m turbine tower height;
• a rotor diameter of 44 m, and 80 m; and • The blade length is 22 m and 40 m. It has been found that the SOWE project provides a promising contribution towards the Scottish
Government renewable energy production and carbon reduction targets.
KEYWORDS
feasibility study, windfarm, Orkney, road transport
Ontario's Green Energy Act and FiT Program
Presented by Jason Chee-Aloy of the OPA at the Green Energy Act Finance Forum on Friday January 29, 2010
For more information visit http://www.marsdd.com/greenenergyforum
Energetic payback time of PV: In Germany and TunisiaInsulin Angel
I made this little study for the course Corporate Environmental Protection, I calculated the electricity produced and the energetic payback time for two identical installations: one in Dresden and one in Tunis.
10 minutes were too little, the subject is interesting and can be further developed.
Flinders Island Isolated Power System (IPS) Connect 2016 F GAFARO IRENAjames hamilton
The transition of the power sector towards a renewable energy based electricity supply requires in many cases the integration of high shares of non-conventional generation into the existing infrastructure. Changes in the physical characteristics and the conditions to operate these grids are consequently introduced. The technical challenges associated with these changes have particular impact in islands, where the grids are small and the flexibility that is offered by system interconnection is not available.
Successful integration experiences in islands have demonstrated that these challenges can be overcome. Reliable and efficient supply of electricity is possible, if a consistent planning process, considering the particularities of each island and the links between different sectors and stakeholders, takes place. Through renewable energy roadmaps, grid integration studies and technical trainings IRENA has supported the planning of the transformation of the electricity systems in Small Island Developing States at a global level. In this presentation IRENA will share the lessons learned within its work and its vision of the deployment of renewable energies in island states for the following years.
Francisco Gafaro works as Programme Officer in the Renewable Energy Agency IRENA since May 2014, coordinating different projects of technical assistance to developing countries, facilitating the integration of renewable energies into the electricity grid. He is holds a Bachelor degree on electrical engineering from the Universidad de Los Andes in Colombia and a M.Sc. In Electrical Power Engineer from the RWTH-Aachen in Germany. He has more than 12 years of experience in the power sector, working in technical topics related to planning and operation of transmission and distribution networks and analyzing the impacts of RE.
Analysis of Community Microgrids: The path to resilient and sustainable commu...Clean Coalition
Greg Thomson, Director of the Community Microgrid Initiative for the Clean Coalition, presented on Community Microgrids to the Municipal Sustainability & Energy Forum on January 25, 2018. This modern energy solution that delivers unparalleled environmental, economic, and resilience benefits to communities.
To download, head to - http://solarreference.com/cspalliance-csp-thermal-energy-storage-presentation/
Also available at CSP alliance website. Key information includes - direct comparison of a CSP power plant with a conventional power plant, importance of thermal energy storage and the fact that deployment would lead to much more cost reduction than r&d.
For colelction of similar resources, head to -
http://solarreference.com
World Energy Situation and 21st Century Coal PowerJeffrey Phillips
An overview of the current power market in the US and the impact it may have on other parts of the world. This was first presented at a workshop held at the University of Tokyo in Japan on Feb 25, 2014
Montecito Community Microgrid: Renewables-driven resilience for critical faci...Clean Coalition
Craig Lewis, Executive Director for the Clean Coalition, was a panelist at the Rebuilding Montecito: Pathways to a Resilient Future event, which took place on February 20, 2018 in Santa Barbara, CA.
Why Super Low Loss Amorphous Transformers are a Non-brainer for Britain’s Lea...EMEX
Supply transformers are a common piece of electrical infrastructure on campuses across the UK. Despite some major advancements in super low loss technology, old and inefficient transformers continue to waste thousands of pounds in avoidable electricity costs each year. This session will showcase energy saving capabilities of modern supply transformers and provide you with the opportunity to get best practice advice and first-hand experience from a senior engineer in the estates and environment department of one of Britain’s leading Universities.
Carter Jonas presentation for Blake Lapthorn green breakfast on 4 May 2011Blake Morgan
Blake Lapthorn were pleased to welcome Andrew Watkin, Partner and Head of Energy and Marine team at Carter Jonas, as speaker at its green breakfast held on 4 May in Oxford.
Increased need for flexibility in the European energy transitionIlkka Hannula
Rapid addition of wind and solar energy puts technical and economic pressure on the existing energy system. Increasing flexibility is key to integration of large shares of variable renewables, and in enabling an affordable renewables-led system. But how to achieve this? And what role will bioenergy play?
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ORKNEY’S WINDFARM DEVELOPMENT FOR SELF-SUFFICIENT FOR EN...aeijjournal
In Orkney islands, a number of wind energy projects have been established due to its potential for wind energy development especially as cluster developments on hilltop and moorland. This Self-sufficient Orkney Wind Energy (SOWE) project is trying to follow this pattern of development and has designed as a simple linear development of medium-large scale wind turbines which avoids dominating the landscape, while providing diversification required for the energy security, along with strong economic benefits to the local community. The developer completed preliminary designs and landscape assessment, resulting in the detailed design and the development of 27 wind turbine project for the expectation to generated electricity
of 549.2 GWh annually. The SOWE project has been designed and selected the use of the Enercon E44 - 900 kW and Norex N80 - 2.5 MW wind turbines. These machines represent the maximum scale, respectively, as; • the site layout and all modelling have used a 45m, and 60m turbine tower height;
• a rotor diameter of 44 m, and 80 m; and • The blade length is 22 m and 40 m. It has been found that the SOWE project provides a promising contribution towards the Scottish
Government renewable energy production and carbon reduction targets.
KEYWORDS
feasibility study, windfarm, Orkney, road transport
Ontario's Green Energy Act and FiT Program
Presented by Jason Chee-Aloy of the OPA at the Green Energy Act Finance Forum on Friday January 29, 2010
For more information visit http://www.marsdd.com/greenenergyforum
Energetic payback time of PV: In Germany and TunisiaInsulin Angel
I made this little study for the course Corporate Environmental Protection, I calculated the electricity produced and the energetic payback time for two identical installations: one in Dresden and one in Tunis.
10 minutes were too little, the subject is interesting and can be further developed.
Flinders Island Isolated Power System (IPS) Connect 2016 F GAFARO IRENAjames hamilton
The transition of the power sector towards a renewable energy based electricity supply requires in many cases the integration of high shares of non-conventional generation into the existing infrastructure. Changes in the physical characteristics and the conditions to operate these grids are consequently introduced. The technical challenges associated with these changes have particular impact in islands, where the grids are small and the flexibility that is offered by system interconnection is not available.
Successful integration experiences in islands have demonstrated that these challenges can be overcome. Reliable and efficient supply of electricity is possible, if a consistent planning process, considering the particularities of each island and the links between different sectors and stakeholders, takes place. Through renewable energy roadmaps, grid integration studies and technical trainings IRENA has supported the planning of the transformation of the electricity systems in Small Island Developing States at a global level. In this presentation IRENA will share the lessons learned within its work and its vision of the deployment of renewable energies in island states for the following years.
Francisco Gafaro works as Programme Officer in the Renewable Energy Agency IRENA since May 2014, coordinating different projects of technical assistance to developing countries, facilitating the integration of renewable energies into the electricity grid. He is holds a Bachelor degree on electrical engineering from the Universidad de Los Andes in Colombia and a M.Sc. In Electrical Power Engineer from the RWTH-Aachen in Germany. He has more than 12 years of experience in the power sector, working in technical topics related to planning and operation of transmission and distribution networks and analyzing the impacts of RE.
Analysis of Community Microgrids: The path to resilient and sustainable commu...Clean Coalition
Greg Thomson, Director of the Community Microgrid Initiative for the Clean Coalition, presented on Community Microgrids to the Municipal Sustainability & Energy Forum on January 25, 2018. This modern energy solution that delivers unparalleled environmental, economic, and resilience benefits to communities.
To download, head to - http://solarreference.com/cspalliance-csp-thermal-energy-storage-presentation/
Also available at CSP alliance website. Key information includes - direct comparison of a CSP power plant with a conventional power plant, importance of thermal energy storage and the fact that deployment would lead to much more cost reduction than r&d.
For colelction of similar resources, head to -
http://solarreference.com
World Energy Situation and 21st Century Coal PowerJeffrey Phillips
An overview of the current power market in the US and the impact it may have on other parts of the world. This was first presented at a workshop held at the University of Tokyo in Japan on Feb 25, 2014
Montecito Community Microgrid: Renewables-driven resilience for critical faci...Clean Coalition
Craig Lewis, Executive Director for the Clean Coalition, was a panelist at the Rebuilding Montecito: Pathways to a Resilient Future event, which took place on February 20, 2018 in Santa Barbara, CA.
Feasibility Assessment: Proposed B.C. LNG Facilities and Renewable PowerClean Energy Canada
Navius Research Inc. and Steve Davis & Associates produced a conceptual design for powering the LNG terminal on the North Coast that would maximize renewables at its production facility and do so reliably, affordably and on schedule—using established commercial technologies. Further, doing so reduces that plant’s carbon pollution by 45 percent, its air emissions - nitrogen oxides - by 70 percent and increases local permanent jobs by 40 percent. The cost for all these benefits? A 1 percent increase in projected sales price of the LNG.
CSP Training series : solar desalination (2/2)Leonardo ENERGY
Third session of the 2nd Concentrated Solar Power Training dedicated to Concentrating Solar Power and Desalination (CSP+D).
* Suitable configurations
* The energy lost method to global water & power efficiency comparison
* Desalination integration into solar power plants: MED versus RO
* CSP+D efficiencies estimation
* CSP+D ongoing research
Pico-Hydro-Plant for Small Scale Power Generation in Remote Villagesiosrjce
The paper presents the potential of pico-hydro plant. The envisaged scheme is well suited in remote
rural areas where transmission of power proves uneconomical. Pico-hydro plants can be installed at such
places to power one or few homes. The power requirement at such location is minimal during off periods which
can be utilized for charging batteries and other electronic gadgets. The pico hydro plants can be installed at
much lower financial requirements compared with solar plants and wind mills.
Gives a detailed analysis of environmental impact assessment and social impact assessment report..how to do them.. benefits cost benefit analysis..eia..clearance .. ideologies..methods..reports..baseline monitoring..different case studies ..natural preservation..airnimoact..air pollution water pollution noise pollution ..how a eia can be carried out methodological approach.. financial benefits..net present value ..present net value ..cost of incurred..accrued.. environmental effects on public..forest clearence .. it's effect on people ...case studies mrts project ..bridges ..road project ..if u want why the hell making us to type like this idiots..what more to type man.. huh ..why are u wasting our time..all for money stupids.. environment..eia .. environment environmental and social economic assessment environmental and social economic assessment environmental and social economic assessment environmental environmental and social economic assessment social environmental and social economic assessment assessment environmental and environmental and social economic assessment environmental and social economic assessment economic assessment Gives a detailed analysis of environmental impact assessment and social impact assessment report..how to do them.. benefits cost benefit analysis..eia..clearance .. ideologies..methods..reports..baseline monitoring..different case studies ..natural preservation..airnimoact..air pollution water pollution noise pollution ..how a eia can be carried out methodological approach.. financial benefits..net present value ..present net value ..cost of incurred..accrued.. environmental effects on public..forest clearence .. it's effect on people ...case studies mrts project ..bridges ..road project ..if u want why the hell making us to type like this idiots..what more to type man.. huh ..why are u wasting our time..all for money stupids.. environment..eia .. environment environmental and social economic assessment environmental and social economic assessment environmental and social economic assessment environmental environmental and social economic assessment social environmental and social economic assessment assessment environmental and environmental and social economic assessment environmental and social economic assessment economic assessment Gives a detailed analysis of environmental impact assessment and social impact assessment report..how to do them.. benefits cost benefit analysis..eia..clearance .. ideologies..methods..reports..baseline monitoring..different case studies ..natural preservation..airnimoact..air pollution water pollution noise pollution ..how a eia can be carried out methodological approach.. financial benefits..net present value ..present net value ..cost of incurred..accrued.. environmental effects on public..forest clearence .. it's effect on people ...case studies mrts project ..bridges ..road project ..if u want why the hell making us to type like this idiots..what more to
Waste heat recovery from hot gasses in cement industryhannyboi123
This final year project focuses on direct heat recovery in which heat from various units such as the Kiln, Calciner and Clinker Cooler is recovered. For this study, a process model is developed using Aspen HYSYS simulation software, and the model is confirmed against acquired data from the industry followed by calculation of equal fuel saved. The heat recovered from all these units is used to produce superheated steam to run a steam turbine generator which in turn provides electricity to the cement plant. This is an implementation of the Steam Rankine Cycle. This project not only benefits the industry in terms of cost-saving on fuel but also reduces the quantity of toxic hot waste gases. The number of carbon emissions would have increased drastically if coal would have been used instead. The steam turbine was able to generate 14 MW. If this is successfully implemented in all other major industries, a significant amount of non-renewable reserves can be saved for future generations.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Fundamentals of Electric Drives and its applications.pptx
Hydropower Electricity in Lebanon - MoEW 2012
1.
2. Table
of
contents
1. Review
of
current
fleet
2. Hydro
development
possibili:es
a. Rehabilita:on
of
old
Plants
b. New
Hydro
Plants
c. Micro-‐Hydro
on
non-‐river
streams
3. Conclusion
3. 1. Current
Installed
Capacity
RIVER
STREAM
ESTABLISHMENT
PLANT
NAME
YEAR
INSTALLED
CAPACITY
MW
REMARKS
LITANI
AWALI
RIVERS
LITANI
WATER
AUTHORITY
MARKABI
1961
1
x
17.9
MW
+
1
x
19
MW
199
In
Service
-‐
Will
be
affected
by
Conveyor
800
Project
AWALI
1964
3
x
37.76
MW
JOUN
1967
2
x
24.65
MW
NAHR
IBRAHIM
RIVER
SOCIETE
PHOENICIENE
DES
FORCES
DE
NAHR
IBRAHIM
DES
EAUX
ET
ELECTRECITE
CHOUANE
1961
2
x
7.5
MW
32
In
Service
-‐
Needs
Rehabilita:on
/
Upgrade
YAHCHOUCH
1955
2
x
4.984
MW
+
1
x
2.464
MW
FITRI
1951
3
x
1.664
MW
WADI
KADISHA
LA
KADISHA
-‐
SOCIETE
ANONYME
D'ELECTRECITE
DU
LIBAN
NORD
S.A.L.
(EDL
OWNED)
BECHARE
1924
2
x
0.82
MW
21
In
Service
-‐
Needs
Rehabilita:on
/
Upgrade
MAR
LICHA
1957
3
x
1.04
MW
BLAOUZA
II
1961
3
x
2.8
MW
ABU-‐ALI
1932
2
x
2.72
MW
+
1
x
2.04
MW
NAHR
AL
BARED
AL
BARED
CONCESSION
AL
BARED
1
1936
3
x
4.5
MW
17
In
Service
-‐
Needs
Rehabilita:on
/
Upgrade
AL
BARED
2
1936
1
x
1.2
MW
+
1
x
2.5
MW
SAFA
SPRING
ELECTRECITE
DU
LIBAN
RICHMAYA
-‐
SAFA
1931
2
x
3.1
MW
+
1
x
6.8
MW
13
In
Service
-‐
Needs
Rehabilita:on
/
Upgrade
TOTAL
INSTALLED
CAPACITY
282
MW
4. Plant
Net
Installed
Capacity
MW
Current
Yearly
ProducNon
GWh
Rehabilitated
Plant
Yearly
ProducNon
GWh
Zouk
607
1,897
3,164
Jieh
327
1,218
1,704
Deir
Ammar
450
2,977
3,275
Zahrani
450
2,984
3,283
Baalbek
64
166
186
Tyr
72
187
209
Hrayche
70
200
364
Total
Thermal
2,040
9,629
12,185
Kadisha
Hydro
21
72
82
Litani
199
680
775
Nahr
Ibrahim
32
92
105
Bared
17
54
62
Richmaya
13
20
23
Total
Hydro
282
918
1,047
Total
Thermal
&
Hydro
2,322
10,547
13,232
%
of
Hydro
Energy
8.70%
7.91%
1. Current
Share
of
Hydro
Energy
5. 1-‐
RehabilitaNon
&
Upgrade
of
ExisNng
Hydro
Plants
:
Will
increase
the
available
Hydro
genera:on
capacity
at
least
from
190
to
282
MW
(+
92
MW)
2-‐
InstallaNon
of
New
Hydro
Plants
–
Master
Plan:
32
new
sites
were
iden:fied
as
follows:
-‐
Around
263
MW
(1,271
GWh/y)
with
a
cost
of
667
M.$
in
Run
of
River
scheme
-‐
Around
368
MW
(1,363
GWh/y)
with
a
cost
of
772
M.$
in
Peak
scheme
25
of
these
are
economically
viable
with
Minimum
Selling
Tariff
less
than
12
$c/kWh:
-‐
Around
233
MW
(1,126
GWh/y)
with
a
cost
of
560
M.$
in
Run
of
River
scheme
-‐
Around
315
MW
(1,217
GWh/y)
with
a
cost
of
665
M.$
in
Peak
scheme
3-‐
Micro-‐Hydro
on
Non-‐River
Streams
–
Pilot
Study:
13
pilot
sites
iden:fied
on
exis:ng
power
plants
&
water
infrastructure
installa:ons
with
Produc:on
capacity
around
5
MW
2.
Hydro
Development
PossibiliNes
6. Yammouneh
Qaa el Rim
Jezzine
Chabrouh
Micro-Hydro
Dams
Hydro Plants
Existing Hydro Plants
Hydro Plant
Protected Area
River
Stream
New
Sites
List
Nahr
Abou
Moussa
Mechmech,
Qarn,
El
Mara
Nahr
Sukkar
Sir
Nahr
Sir
Qamne,
El
Oua:e
Nahr
Abou
Ali
Kannoubin,
Bchanin
Nahr
El
Jouz
Beit
Chlala,
Bustan,
Mseilha
Nahr
Ibrahim
Hdaine,
Ibrahim
4,
Janne
Nahr
El
Kelb
Mayrouba,
Daraya,
Chamra,
Boqaata
Nahr
Beirut
Baabdat,
Dachouniye
Nahr
Al
Damour
Rechmaya,
Mtaile,
El
Boum,
Damour
Nahr
El
Awali
Bisri,
Aval
Joun
Nahr
El
Litani
Blat,
Khardale,
Kfarsir
2.
New
Hydro
&
Micro-‐Hydro
Sites
Map
7. *
Chart
from
Sogreah
Study
2.2
New
Hydro
368
MW
Capacity
DistribuNon
8.
Mechmech
Qarn
El
Mara
Sir
(Sukkar)
Sir
(Bared
sup)
Qattine
El
Ouatié
Bared
Kannoubin
Bchanine
Beit
Chlala)
Boustane
Mseilha
Hdaine
Janneh*
Ibrahim
4
Chabrouh
Mayrouba
Boqaata*
Blat
Daraya*
Dachouniyé
Rechmaya
Mtaile
El
Boum
Jezzine
Aval
Joun
Chamra*
Yammouneh
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
10,0
11,0
12,0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Impact
environnemental
Tarif
de
vente
minimum
du
kWh
[$cts]
résultats
de
l'analyse
multicritères
Impact
environnemental
croissant
Niveau 1
Niveau 2
Niveau 3
Thermique
au
gaz
Thermique
HFO
Level
1
Level
2
Level
3
Results
of
Multi-‐criteria
Analysis
Minimum
kWh
Selling
Tariff
[$cts]
Environmental
Impact
*
Chart
from
Sogreah
Study
2.2
New
Sites
Feasibility
MulN-‐Criteria
Chart
9. Level-‐1
Minimum
Selling
Tariff
<
8.1
c$
Level-‐2
Minimum
Selling
Tariff
>8.1
c$
&
<12c$
Level-‐3
Minimum
Selling
Tariff
>12
c$
Total
Number
of
Sites
13
12
4
29
Power
(MW)
139
94
17
250
CAPEX
(M$)
273
287
78
638
Produc:on
(GWh)
713
413
68
1,194
Average
cost
of
installed
Kw
$/Kw
2,070
3,220
4,310
*
Chart
from
Sogreah
Study
2.2
New
Hydro
Sites
Tariff
&
Feasibility
10. • Dam
Storage
Capacity
37
Mm3
• Water
Height
350
to
429
m
depending
on
the
water
level
in
the
dam.
• 3
Pelton
Mul:jets
Turbines
to
adapt
easily
to
varia:ons
in
water
flow
• Base
Power
32
MW
/
Peak
Power
96
MW
• ROR
Capex
47.8
M.$
/
Peak
Capex
111.5
M.$
• ROR
162
Gwh/year
/
Peak
207
Gwh/year
• Minimum
selling
Tariff
12%
IRR:
Base
Tariff
3.4
c/kwh
/
Peak
Tariff
11.22
c/kWh
EDL
selling
Tariff
9.58
c/kWh
EDL
Thermal
Plants
lowest
produc:on
cost
20
c/kWh
2.2
Janneh
Hydro
Plant
–
Case
Study
11. Micro
Hydro
Stream
Public
InsNtuNon
Irriga:on
Channels
&
Conveyors
All
Water
Establishments,
Ministry
of
Agriculture
Waste
Water
Treatment
Plants
Intakes
&
Ouralls
All
Water
Establishments,
CDR
Electric
Power
Plants
Ourall
Channels
EDL
Electric
Power
Plants
Municipal
Water
Distribu:on
Networks
All
Water
Establishments,
Municipali:es
No.
of
Studied
Sites
todate
MW
4
1.270
1
0.123
5
3.421
4
0.144
*
Data
from
UNDP-‐CEDRO
Study
2.3
Non
River
Streams
Micro
Hydro
Assessment
12. • There
is
a
poten:al
to
increase
significantly
the
contribu:on
of
the
Hydro
&
Micro-‐
Hydro
energy
in
the
Lebanese
energy
mix
• There
is
an
imminent
need
to
clear
up
the
Legal
Framework
for
the
Hydro
Energy
produc:on
to
allow
for
the
development
to
take
place
:
– The
Water
Code
that
is
currently
under
finaliza:on
does
not
address
this
issue
– The
DGRHE
has
the
exclusive
rights
on
the
exploita:on
of
the
Hydraulic
resources
– With
the
excep:on
of
the
Bared,
Kadisha,
Nahr-‐Ibrahim
&
Litani
concessions,
EDL
has
the
exclusive
rights
on
the
produc:on
&
distribu:on
of
the
Electrical
Energy
– A
legal
framework
must
be
elaborated
for
either
allowing
the
DGRHE
&
EDL
to
team
up
for
developing
the
Hydro
poten:al
in
Lebanon
or
lemng
the
private
sector
ini:ate
the
same
• Hydro
development
requires
the
Feed-‐In
Tariff
structure
of
the
Electrical
energy
to
be
op:mized
Conclusion