Britannica Dictionary definition of WATER. 1. [noncount] : the clear liquid that has no color, taste, or smell, that falls from clouds as rain, that forms streams, lakes, and seas, and that is used for drinking, washing, etc.

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Structure and Properties of Water
Endelyn S. Sajorga BS Bio 2D

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Water is essential for life. It covers 2/3 of the earth’s surface and
every living thing is depend upon it.
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The human body is comprised of over 70% water, and it is a
major component of many body fluids including blood, urine, and
saliva.
Water is essential for all forms of life on Earth and plays a crucial
role in various natural processes. It is a unique substance with
remarkable properties.

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Chemical Structure
Water is formed when two
hydrogen atoms bond to
one oxygen atom(H2O).
The combination or union
of two hydrogen atoms (H)
with one oxygen atom (O).
This process involves the
creation of covalent bonds
between the hydrogen and
oxygen atoms
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Polar Molecule
• Water is a polar molecule due to the unequal sharing of electrons between its constituent atoms, specifically
between the hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. This unequal sharing of electrons creates regions of
partial positive and partial negative charges within the molecule, resulting in a polarity.
• The key factor behind water's polarity is the difference in electronegativity between the hydrogen and oxygen
atoms.
• Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. This means that oxygen has a greater tendency to attract
and hold electrons closer to its nucleus compared to hydrogen.

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Hydrogen bonds exist between
water molecules
Formed between a highly
Electronegative atom (like
oxygen in another water) of a
polar molecule and a hydrogen
Weak bond, but strong in
great numbers.
Hydrogen Bonding
Negative Oxygen end of one water molecule is attracted to the Positive
Hydrogen end of another water molecule to form a HYDROGEN
BOND

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Water is the only substance found on Earth in all
three states (phases):

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Properties - Universal Solvent
Water is often referred to as the "universal solvent" due to its remarkable ability to dissolve a
wide range of substances, including polar compounds, ionic compounds, gases, and more.
This exceptional property is primarily attributed to water's polarity and its capacity to form
hydrogen bonds with other molecules.

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Osmosis is the passage of water from a
region of high water concentration through
a semi-permeable membrane to a region
of low water concentration. osmosis ,
transfer of a liquid solvent through a
semipermeable membrane that does not
allow dissolved solids (solutes) to pass.

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Cohesion and adhesion
Cohesion: Cohesion is the
attractive force that exists between
molecules of the same substance.
It is the tendency of molecules to
be attracted to each other. In the
context of water, cohesion refers
to the attraction between water
molecules.
Adhesion: Adhesion is the
attractive force that exists between
molecules of different substances.
It is the tendency of molecules to
be attracted to the molecules of a
different substance. In the context
of water, adhesion refers to the
attraction between water
molecules and molecules of other
substances.

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THANK YOU

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