It the basic introductions to hydraulic system , its components and seals along with there types and purpose.

1. AMAN 1

2.  It means of power transmission in which a relatively
incompressible fluid is used as the power transmitting media.
Used to transfer energy from one point to another and conversion
of this to useful work .
 Power is generated by pumps and energy is converted into useful
work by hydraulic cylinders or other actuators.
AMAN
2

3.  Reservoir – an oil supply tank
 Pump and prime mover – source of power
 Pressure relief valve – for system safety
 Control valve – for direction and other control
 Cylinder / hydro motor – the working element
AMAN
3

4.  Reservoir : important role for functioning of system and various
components as well as maintain various working parameter to a
reasonable level . Container for entire system.
 Pump and prime mover : just like heart of human being. Create
flow of oil through the system and assist transfer power and
motion .prime mover means driver for it …motor. One side is
connected to reservoir and other to control valve.
 Pressure relief valve : used in between pressure line and reservoir
. Used to control pressure or to keep it in within limit.
 Control valve : used to control the energy of flow. Expected for ….
Controlling the flow, direction of flow, pressure of flow media , flow
quantity.
 Cylinder : device that converts the fluid power into linear
mechanical force and motion.
AMAN
4

5.  Storage of oil
 Cooling of oil
 Expansion of fluid
 Separation of contaminants
 Structural supports
 Easy access.
AMAN
5

6.  Device used to transmit power
from one shaft to another.
 Pump impeller : driving shaft
 Turbine runner : driven shaft
 Enclosed in single housing
without rigid or mechanical
connection between them
.connection is only through
working fluid.
AMAN
6

7.  Function is to create oil flow through the system and assist transfer
of power and motion.
 Coupled to electric motor .inlet is through reservoir and outlet is
connected to control valve.
AMAN
7

8.  Provides rotational movement. Transforms energy into rotary
mechanical energy which is applied to a resisting object by means
of a shaft connected with a motor .
 Difference is that instead of pushing the fluid as pump does , in
motor rotating element are pushed by the oil pressure to enable
the motor shaft to rotate and thus develop the necessary turning
moment and continuous rotating motion
AMAN
8

9.  Used to purify the oil and get rid of unwanted particles such as
dirt , dust ,worn out metallic parts.
 Or in liquid form such as water , acids , paints etc…
 Used to :
 Enhance the operational efficiency of hydraulic components.
 Prevent undesirable containments into the system.
 Enhance time interval of carrying out the preventive maintainance
and increase the ease of it .
AMAN
9

10. AMAN
10

11.  Leakage is serious issue in any hydraulic system , which need to
be arrested in order to make system working .it prevents leakage ,
and protect system from dust , maintain pressure , prevent loss of
fluid from the system and keep out contamination in system to
enhance its working life and functional reliability over a long
period.
 Types : static and dynamic as per component…..
 Static for static part ..( reservoir , pipes , coupling )
 Dynamic ( bearing , piston , wall , valve ) to protect pressure .
AMAN
11

12.  Acc.. To method of sealing
 Positive ( prevents even minute amount of fluid getting past )
 non- positive ( allows small amount of leakage internally for
lubrication )
 .
AMAN
12

13.  Acc… to applications
 Static : they are used when no
relative motion occurs
between the mating parts .
Seal is usually compresses
between 2 adjacent parts
securing two stationary parts
together by fastening
AMAN
13

14.  Used where movement occurs
and controls both leakage and
lubrication.
AMAN
14

15.  O ring (O-rings are one of the most common seals used in
machine design because they are inexpensive, easy to make,
reliable, and have simple mounting requirements. They can seal
tens of megapascals (thousands of psi) of pressure.)
 T ring
 V ring
 U cup
 Wiper ring
AMAN
15

16. AMAN
16

17. AMAN
17

18.  Used in cylinder
pistons , cups are
available at different
shapes ,
configuration and of
various material.
AMAN
18

19. AMAN
19

20.  The seals are used in a full range of
equipment in thousands of
applications, such as:
 Manufacturing
 Off-highway
 Power transmission
 Oil refineries
AMAN
20

21.  Wipers are sealing elements which
are used to obstruct all kinds of
negative foreign particles to go into
the cylinders. NBR wipers should be
used in low or medium applications,
but with high durability against
rupture and wearing,
 The same as above but for a different
housing design
 Double wiper, are additional
reducing any leakage from inside the
cylinder, due to the inside lip
 Wiper with steel housing.
Constructions with open housing
demand a wiper with a combination
of steel and PU( polyutherene).
Including double wiper design this
type is suitable for heavy duty
applications.
AMAN
21

22.  Working pressure
 Fluid medium
 Environmental condition
 Temperature of system
 Dynamic or static application
 Functional reliability and expected life
AMAN
22

23.  Hardness
 Friction
 Compression set
 Tensile strength
 Volume change
 Elongation probability of change
 Permeability
 Oil comp ability
 Ageing electrical properties
 Coefficient of thermal expansion
 Corrosion resistance
 Weather resistance
AMAN
23

24.  Metal
 Leather
 Asbestos
 Rubber , elastometric ,and plastic seal .
AMAN
24