This document discusses human persons and their relationship with the environment from philosophical and theoretical perspectives. It describes the anthropocentric model, which views humans as superior to nature, and the ecocentric model, which sees humans as part of the natural world. The ecocentric model includes theories of deep ecology, social ecology, and ecofeminism. The document also discusses early philosophers like Anaximander and Pythagoras and their views on nature. Overall, it analyzes different frameworks for understanding the human-environment relationship.

2. WHAT IS A HUMAN PERSON?
• A human person is a
living being that contains
a real and existing to
direct its own
development toward
fulfillment through
perfect, unconditional,
and infinite Truth, Love,
Goodness, Beauty, and
Unity, and will do so if all
the proper conditions are
met.

3. • Environment The
sum total of all
surroundings of a
living organism,
including natural
forces and other
living things,
which provide
conditions for
development and
growth as well as
of danger and
damage.

4. THOSE ARE PHILOSOPHICAL QUESTIONS BROUGHT UP
APPROXIMATELY 600 B.C.E IN THE WESTERN IONIAN
SEAPORT TOWN OF MILETUS ACROSS THE AEGEAN
SEA FROM ATHENS, GREECE.
• WHAT IS THE WORLD MADE OF?
• HOW DID THE WORLD COME INTO BEING?
• HOW CAN WE EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF CHANGE?

5. ACCORDING TO PAYNE (2010) THERE ARE TWO FRAMEWORKS WHERE HUMANS CAN BE RELATED.
ANTHROPOCENTRIC MODEL
• Anthropocentric Model
Based on the Anthropocentric model, humans are superior and central to the
universe, thus it is human centered.
Human Calculative
Culture Human over/against Environments
Individualism Global/Technological
Mind

6. ANTHROPOCENTRIC MODEL

7. • Sometimes, humans adopt an
exploitive attitude whenever
nature is merely considered as
an instrument for one’s profit
or gain.
• The domination of humanity is linked to the
domination of nature based on the anthropocentric
model. An unfair or unjust utilization of the
environment result to ecological crisis. From this
view, it follows that human arrogance toward nature
is justifiable in order to satisfy human interest.

8. SOME EFFECTS OF ANTROPOCENTRIC MODEL EARTH POLLUTION STONGER TYPHOONS
SOIL EROSION FAMINE GLOBAL WARMING
GLOBAL
WARMING

9. ECOCENTRIC MODEL
• Ecocentric model, the ecological or relational
integrity of the humans provides meaning of our
morals and values and it is nature centered.
• Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s
biodiversity and the functioning of it’s life-
supporting system.
• Nature Relational
• Wild Earth/Wisdom
• Holism Body
• Ecology over/against humans

10. ECOCENTRIC MODEL

11. THERE ARE THREE THEORIES ABOUT THE
ECOCENTRIC MODEL SUCH AS DEEP
ECOLOGY, SOCIAL ECOLOGY AND
ECOFEMINISM.

12. • Deep Ecology Is an ecological
philosophy developed by Norwegian
philosopher Arne Naess in the early
1970’s asserting that all life forms
have an equal right to exist, and
human needs and desires have no
priority over those of other
organisms.
• Believes that the living environment
should be respected and regarded
as having rights to flourish,
independent of its utility to humans.

14. • Social Ecology It is a critical
social theory founded by
American anarchist and
libertarian socialist author
Murray Bookchin.
Conceptualized as a critique
of current social, political, and
anti- ecological trends, it
espouses a reconstructive,
ecological, communitarian,
and ethical approach to
society.

16. • Ecofeminism It is also called ecological
feminism, branch of feminism that examines the
connections between women and nature. Its
name was coined by French feminist
Francoise d’Eaubonne in 1974. A
philosophical idea that combines feminism and
ecology concerns, emphasizing that both suffer
from their treatment by a male dominated
society.
• Comes from the idea that women and nature
have significant connection, since women most
often have a close association with nature in
many societies due to the nature of their
traditional roles.

18. • Anaximander a pre-Socratic
philosopher and scientist said
about the Creation-Destruction.
According to him, the sketch of
the genesis of the world
(cosmology), the evolution of the
world begins with the generation
of opposites in a certain region
Nature. Nature is indeterminate-
boundless in the sense that no
boundaries between the warm
and or the moist and dry regions
are originally present within.

19. • While, according to
Pythagoras, ‘universe is a
living embodiment of
nature’s order, harmony and
beauty.’ He sees our
relationship with the
universe involving biophilia
(love of other living things)
And cosmophilia (love of
other living beings).

20. • For Modern Thinker,
Immanuel Kant, ‘beauty is
ultimately a symbol of
morality (goodness). He
believes that the orderliness
of nature and the harmony
of nature with our faculties
guide us toward a deeper
religious perspective.’

21. • Herbert Marcuse said
about the power of
humans over nature,
while George Herbert
Mead tackled about our
duties and
responsibilities in
nature.

22. • Our environment is created
for every humans, so you as
good as one being must take
Good care of nature!
• Remember LIFE is all about
BALANCE.

24. ACTIVITY 5
Interview a person who is 45-60 year old. Be guided by the
following questions:
• 1. What are the things that you remember in your environment
when you were my age?
• 2. What are the things that you like doing when you were
young?
• 3. What are the positive and negative changes in the
environment?
• 4. Do you think environment plays a vital role in a person’s
development? Why or why not?

26. SELF PACED
After conducting the interview, the whole class will be instructed to
write the summary of their findings where the following questions
are answered:
• 1. What have I learned from the person I interviewed?
• 2. How do I feel about the things that I learned?
• 3. Will this knowledge gained from the interview help me in
understanding the role of the environment in my development as
a person?
• 4. What should I do with the environment?