This document discusses the future of cloud computing and infrastructure. It covers several topics including: 1. How technological advances will enable machines to make rapid decisions without human biases. 2. The economic benefits cloud computing provides through standardized workloads, rapid provisioning, and usage-based billing. 3. The challenges of cloud computing including security, data privacy, application mobility between cloud providers, and lack of visibility across business processes. 4. Emerging trends in cloud computing like the rise of application containers and platforms as a service, as well as countertrends around vendor strategies and the role of operating systems.

1. Cloud Computing: Future of InfrastructureValue Destruction to Value CreationHP CTO SummitNew Jersey, USASurendraReddyMarch 24, 2010

2. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.2Source: Serving the World’s Poor, Profitably by C.K. Prahalad and Allen Hammond

3. High Cost Economy of Bottom 4B(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.3Source: Serving the World’s Poor, Profitably by C.K. Prahalad and Allen Hammond

4. Changing Mindset(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.4

5. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.5Source: Serving the World’s Poor, Profitably by C.K. Prahalad and Allen Hammond

6. “If there is any period one would desire to be born in, is it not the age of revolution when the old and the new stand side by side, when the energies of all men are searched by fear and the hope, when the historic glories of the old can be compensated by the rich possibilities of of the new?”Ralph W. Emerson

7. Exploding number of application on mobile device pushes back the power to the edges

8. More and More Channels are emerging to serve the information hungry Humans and Machines

9. Technology Begets Computation(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.9Source: Based on Ray Kurzweil Singularity is Near and updated by http://www.flickr.com/photos/jurvetson/43121225/sizes/l/in/set-42234/

10. the technological advances enabling machines to analyze problems without “educated incapacities” or “cognitive biases”, analyze risks, simulate alternate choices, and make rapid decisions…(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.10

11. Are we reaching Singularity?“It’s a future period during which the pace of technological change will be so rapid, its impact so deep, that human life will be irreversibly transformed.” – Ray Kurzweil

12. Globalization and Consumerization makes enterprises more vulnerable than ever beforeBoardrooms to War-Rooms

13. Manufacturing of TomorrowIntelligent ManufacturingMachine-Machine IntelligenceLeadership through smart manufacturing Educationwhat is good for what circumstances?EntertainmentMonetize your branding and marketing efforts through entertainmentConsumer attention is what it counts – not how big is your advertisement budget (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.13

14. Food and DrugsIntelligent Farming/PharmingKnow who wants what/get closer to understand what they need? When they need? How to economically deliver them? Many small lots with hefty premiumsEducationUse Customer for your innovation and marketing – they are powerful and center to their social universeEntertainmentFood and Drug recalls are expensive and damages Transform crisis into opportunity by knowing them better and engaging them better(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.14

15. And, Network is the Engine of this Innovation….(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.15

16. Who is the King? Consumer or Content ?(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.16

17. One who deliversInformation + Education + Entertainment gets Consumer attention(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.17

18. State of the Union of IT and Business(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.18

19. So, Does IT Matter?(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.19X

20. Economic ClimateThe economic climate has caused many organizations to revisit base assumptions, such as how long to hold on to servers, how many vendors to work with for a given platform/operating environment, and how to best-utilize personnel and deal with skill shortages. Aging IT infrastructures have forced many organizations to rethink traditional, incremental technology improvement programs, and to focus instead on a holistic IT modernization program(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.20

21. Cloud ComputingNew deployment and operational model for delivering new services rapidly

22. Joe’s Great Wisdom on Economics of Cloudhttp://www.cloudonomics.com/(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.22

23. Cloud Computing: EnablersVirtualizationVirtual servers, virtual storage and virtual networkingAutomation is the KeyThey automate server/VM; storage, network, platform, and application provisioning(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.23

24. Pillars of Cloud ComputingSelf-service Graphical user interface or an application programming interfaceService ManagementService delivery is managed through automation, and metered use is tracked. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.24

25. Pillars of Cloud ComputingElastic data center architecturesApplications and data run on big, flat processor and storage pools, taking as much as needed and releasing unused resources when they are no longer necessaryOperational Support SystemOperational processes to support the service are automated as much as possible, reducing the need for manual intervention. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.25

26. Pillars of Cloud ComputingStandardized workloadsWant to build a high-volume business? Cut the number of product variations. Rapid provisioningCustomers order resources and/or applications via a Web No waiting for the vendor to order, install, and configure equipment, and no extended contract negotiation. Telco-grade billingProvide a simple price sheet and billing and reporting systems that help an IT organization manage its costs(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.26

27. Cloud Computing: Disruptive ElementsRedefining Economies of Scaleallows small companies to enjoy the low unit cost for scalingCompressed Transaction CostsAllowing companies to significantly enhance the richness of the information and interactivity(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.27Credits: Joe Weinman, Cloudonomics.com

28. Cloud Computing: Disruptive ElementsEnabling Real-time EnterpriseEnables companies to respond to changing business conditions and opportunities much fasterEnabling User Driven InnovationCollaborate and Co-Create with your customersAvailability and Reliability at Fractional CostAchieve extremely high reliability architecture(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.28

29. Network:Powering the Engines of InnovationPowering the Last Mile Importance of reliable access with SLAsDesign for ChangeChanging application environments, user expectations and network services demand that architects expand their thinking to ensure that the network supports new business requirements. New Dimensions in Network DesignLocation, Users, Applications, Devices, and Business Processes(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.29

30. Power of Cloud Computing(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.30

31. “A man who carries a cat by the tail learns something he can learn in no other way.” – Mark Twain

32. Cloud Computing: Challenges(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.32

33. Applications MobilityWhat is Application Mobility?Ability to move applications from one location to other depends on demand, cost parameters, or to deal with disaster recovery etc(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.33

34. Apps-in-the-SkyApplication Containersthe application contained in a single server, a single image’s stack?the application as an n-tier ensemble of servers?Where scale-out & loose coupling are the rules?a structured, composed constellation of servers?Uses VLANs, port filters for isolation & security?(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.34

35. Network in Cloud EraReliance on independently operated infrastructures to hide the details of application safety, performance, resilience, and economics. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.35

36. Cloud: Promise to FulfillmentMoving Legacy ApplicationsBoxed in applicationsVM based approach to move these applications into CloudCreating New “Greenfield” Cloud ServicesMove ‘up the stack’Platform as the building blocks of application construction. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.36

37. Security, Data Privacy, and IPLoss of Competitive Advantage,Increased costs of data disclosure,Possibility of illegal or unauthorized transaction enabled by data leak

38. Management & VisibilityLack of management tools and end-to-end business process visibilityInability to configure and deploy complex business processes

39. Meta-data & InteroperabilityLack of meta-data for end-to-end business processes, Transaction Processing across service providers

40. Discussion(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.40

41. Trends and Countertrends are Powerful Market Movers(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.41

42. Reality – Pulse of the Customers(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.42Source: Forrester Research

43. Countertrend Virtualization is driving the IT industry towards an optimized infrastructure and ensure that they are creating an agile and integrated framework that subsumes the deployment of the server, network and storage – accelerating the application deployment by many fold(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.43

44. TrendShift in Vendor StrategiesCisco entering the server market, the HP acquisition of 3Com, or the Virtual Computing Environment (VCE) partnership between Cisco, EMC and vmware will impact IT organizations The benefits touted include greater agility, flexibility and efficiency(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.44

45. CountertrendHow will the competitive landscape evolve for server operating systems (OSs)Windows, AIX, HP-UX, Solaris, Linux and z/OS? New technologies, new modes of computing, and infrastructure virtualization and automation are changing the architecture and role of the OS. VMs will become the norm on the server, with increased use on the client as well, creating a new control point below the OS. Appliances — based on a VM architecture — will make modular/customized (lightweight) OSs interesting and useful.(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.45

46. Trend: Applications in the SkyThe emerging wave of cloud computing represents a major shift in IT. This is not a single transition, but rather multiple parallel paths of evolution, at different levels of the technology stack. (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.46

47. CountertrendWe see the demand for different layers of the classic technology stack “in the sky”Storage (Amazon Simple Storage Service [Amazon S3]), Database (Amazon SimpleDB, Google Bigtable and Microsoft SQL Data Services), Raw computing power (Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud [EC2]), Programming language environments (Google App Engine, Heroku, Bungee Connect and Microsoft Azure Services Platform), Application-centric platforms (salesforce.com'sForce.com) ,and Applications themselves (Microsoft Dynamics).(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.47

48. TrendsProliferation of Smart devices Exploding number of application on mobile device pushes back the power to the edgesPushing new variant of client server applicationsExploding number of Mobile Apps(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.48

49. CountertrendApp Store for CloudLooking further into the future, cloud platforms will have more-direct support for monetization and managementLinking monetization to reputation-based reuse will have a powerful effect in accelerating the evolution of solutions targeted to diverse market requirements(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.49

50. Open Cloud Consortiumopencloudconsortium.org(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.50

51. Open Cloud Consortium501(3)(c) Not-for-profit corporationDefine and Promote StandardsSupports the development of standards, interoperability frameworks, and reference implementations.Manages cloud computing infrastructure to support scientific researchOpen Cloud Testbed and Intercloud Testbed.Open Science Data Cloud.Develops benchmarks.(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.51

52. MembersCompaniesAerospace, Booz Allen Hamilton, Cisco, InfoBlox, Open Data Group, Optena, Raytheon, YahooUniversitiesCalIT2, Johns Hopkins, MIT Lincoln Lab, Northwestern Univ., University of Illinois at Chicago, University of ChicagoGovernment agenciesNASAOpen Source ProjectsSector Project(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.52

53. Working GroupsLarge Data CloudOpen Cloud TestbedIntercloud MetadataVirtual Networking (c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.53

54. OCC Testbed(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.54C-WaveCENICDragonPhase 29 racks250+ Nodes1000+ Cores10+ Gb/s Hadoop

55. Sector/Sphere

56. Thrift

57. KVM & XenVMsMREN

58. Thank Youblog: cloudrants.comfacebook.com/cloudwavetweet: @sureddyemail: sureddy@optena.com(c) 2003-2010 Optena Corp.55