Unanswered questions in current clinical practice and interactions dictating alternate treatments will lead to the formulation of a clinical research question. It would help researchers by giving them step-by-step instructions about how to formulate a research question. Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3ldryTV For our services: https://pubrica.com/sevices/research-services/ Why Pubrica: When you order our services, We promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Biostatistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.   Contact us:      Web: https://pubrica.com/  Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/  Email: sales@pubrica.com  WhatsApp : +91 9884350006  United Kingdom: +44-1618186353

1. How to Formulate a
Researchable Question
based on PICOS
An Academic presentation by
Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, Pubrica
Group: www.pubrica.com
Email: sales@pubrica.com

2. In Brief
Introduction
Formulating the research question
Importance of PICO question
The PICO Formula
Conclusion
Today's Discussion
Outline

3. IN BRIEF
One of the most difficult challenges a
researcher faces before starting a project is
generating a researchable question.
practice and
Unanswered questions in current
interactions dictating
clinical
alternate
treatments will lead to the formulation of a
clinical research question.
Contd...

4. It would help researchers by giving them step-by-step instructions about how to
formulate a research question.
It also explains how to frame a research question using PICO (population,
intervention, control, and outcomes) parameters.
Finally, before starting a research question, we evaluate the characteristics of a
research project.

5. INTRODUCTION
A researchable question can be challenged,
investigated, and analysed to provide valuable
knowledge about an issue.
A successful research experiment is
determined by how well an author formulates
the research issue in light of everyday
research and clinical practice issues.
Contd...

6. The research project’s fundamental issues provide crucial details for
determining whether the subject is appropriate, researchable, and
meaningful.
A well-formulated research question necessitates excessive detail and
precision, which guides the project’s execution while identifying variables
and the population of interest.
We’ll go through a clinical situation and see how clinical problems emerge
and how they will help us with the facts we need to address our question.

7. FORMULATING THE
RESEARCH QUESTION
CASE
A 2-year-old boy with a fever and severe
pain in his right ear visits an emergency
doctor.
His mother is concerned that he has been
on the antibiotic amoxicillin for the last two
weeks, and he has a history of chronic ear
infections.
Contd...

8. She is worried about the long-term effects of antibiotic use.
She’s still worried about the consequences of chronic ear infections.
Because of its side effects, such as constant diarrhoea, she needs to know whether an
amoxicillin prescription is safe or whether another antibiotic can replace it.
This case raises several questions, which can be divided into two categories: history
and foreground.
Contd...

10. “Background Queries” are generic questions about a health condition or illness.
These problems usually include comparing two objects, such as two medications or
treatments, or two diagnostic processes, etc.
PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcomes) is a commonly used method for
framing a “foreground” study issue [Table 1].
Contd...

12. POPULATION OR PROBLEM
Addressing a specific population, its important characteristics and demographic
information.
You may classify the paediatric population with otitis media, the age group, sex,
presenting complaint, and experience from the above example from the above
case.
INTERVENTION OR TREATMENT OF INTEREST
Treatments, procedures, laboratory tests, and risk or prognostic variables are
also examples of interventions.
Contd...

13. The intervention in this situation could be your treatment strategy for the patient,
including new medication, a screening test, a prognostic factor, or a procedure.
when a new treatment is linked to one that still exists
E.g., based on your observations in a clinic, cefuroxime is a safer therapeutic
choice for otitis media than amoxicillin.
Still, you are unsure about its effectiveness in paediatric otitis media patients.
COMPARATOR OR CONTROL
Contd...

14. OUTCOME
The intervention’s result is known as the outcome—for example, its ability to manage
discomfort.
As a result, in the example above, the effect may be pain relief, infection resolution,
or a reduction in the risk of developing resistance.
A successful primary outcome should be simple to quantify, specific, valid,
reproducible, and appropriate to your research issue.
In a traditional clinical environment, a clinician must be aware of context and
foreground questions based on their knowledge of a specific condition and treatment.
Contd...

15. More background questions are presented after history questions are
asked.
Medical considerations emerge from a clinical work’s central problems.
For instance, determining the causes or risk factors (etiological questions),
evaluating diagnostic measures based on sensitivity and specificity
(diagnostic question), determining the best treatment choices (therapeutic
question), and the treatment outcome (prognostic question).

16. IMPORTANCE OF PICO
QUESTION
The PICO question is a different way of thinking
about clinical issues that emerge in health care.
These questions, unlike informational questions,
are very complex and can be difficult to formulate.
They are made up of particular elements or
principles that have a specific role in the evidence-
based process.
Contd...

17. THE PICOFORMULA
The fact that this procedure is known as
formulating is no coincidence. When you ask a
PICO question, you’re building a formula that
accomplishes many goals
Contd...

19. Define the elements or ideas in the query to help focus it.
Used to determine which publications in a search retrieval better
answer the query
Defines the principles that would be used when running a
complex literature search
Assists in determining whether the studies found to answer the
initial question’s components.
At the end of the review, you’ll have all the details you need to
decide if the PICO action can be applied.
Contd...

20. A concentrated research question contributes to
structured research project preparation.
It is not a shortage of concepts that is causing the
difficulties in framing a study issue.
The task is to transform a novel research issue into a
proper study plan, which is the next step in the
research question refinement process

21. CONCLUSION
A well-formulated research topic is a good place to proceed
when doing a good study or practising evidence-based
medicine.
A clinician should use the process outlined in this paper to
formulate a question and look for a response, and a
researcher can use it to create a new research project.
Contd...

22. The traditional method is first to classify a research
question, then do a detailed literature review using
the PICO criteria.
If the research question is well-defined, it will lead to
a good study design and methodology. Finally, the
findings are applied to a particular patient group.
In short, a researchable topic points to truth rather
than opinions and is related to the ultimate purpose of
the research project

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