Stress Management Slides

1. STRESS MANAGEMENT

2. 1. What is stress ?
2. What are the factors that cause stress?
3. What are the consequences of stress ?
4. Does the stress affect all individuals
equally?
5. How to cope with stress?
Discussion Outline

3. What is stress ?
Help me!

4. STRESS
A PERCEPTUAL PHENOMENON ARISING FROM A
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE DEMAND ON THE
PERSON AND HIS ABILITY TO COPE. AN
IMBALANCE IN THIS MECHANISM, GIVES
RISE TO THE EXPERIENCE OF STRESS, AND TO
STRESS RESPONSE.

5. How do we react to stress ?

6. Duration of exposure to stress
Level
of
Resistance
Alarm stage Resistance
Stage
Exhaustion
stage
Normal
level
RESPONSE TO STRESS

7. NO STRESS STRESS
COPING
ADEQUATE
COPING
INADEQUATE
ASSESSMENT OF RESOURCES
NO
STRESS
SPECIAL
DEMAND
THREAT
ASSESSMENT
PERCEIVED
HARMLESS
PERCEIVED
THREATENING
COGNITIVE APPRAISAL OF STRESS

8. STRESS CONSEQUENCES
• PSYCHOLOGICAL
• PHYSIOLOGICAL
• BEHAVIOURAL ASPECTS

9. PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES
• FEELINGS OF INABILITY TO COPE
• NERVOUSNESS AND TENSION
• FRUSTRATION
• LACK OF CONCENTRATION
• DEPRESSION
• INABILITY TO MAKE SOUND DECISIONS

10. PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES
• INCREASED BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
• BACKACHE AND OTHER BODY ACHES
• NAUSEA
• CORONARY HEART DISORDERS
• DIGESTIVE DISORDERS
• PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP
• SKIN DISEASES (PSORIASIS)
• ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE

11. BEHAVIOURAL EFFECTS
• IMPULSIVE BEHAVIOUR
• ACCIDENT PRONENESS
• INCREASE IN INTERPERSONAL
CONFLICTS
• EXCESSIVE INTAKE OF ALCOHOL,
DRUGS AND SMOKING
• HYPER SENSITIVITY TO CRITICISM

12. What are the causes of stress ?
• Organisational
• Non Work Related

13. NON WORK RELATED STRESSORS
1. PERSONAL STRESSORS
2. FINANCIAL STRESSORS
3. RELATIONAL STRESSORS

14. Major life events
• Retirement
• Lost job
• Death of a partner
• Marriage
• Divorce
• Promotion
• Serious illness

15. ORGANISATIONAL STRESS
• Role Ambiguity
• Overload
• Unmatched Authority with
Responsibility
• Lack of participation in
Decision making
• Work Environment
• Deadlines

16. Is the stress always
harmful ?

17. STRESS AND EFFICIENCY
DESIRABLE
LEVEL
ZONE OF
DISTRESS
PERFORMANCE
ZONE OF
BOREDOM
LOWER SL OSL HIGHER SL
OSL= OPTIMUM STRESS LEVEL

18. EFFECTS OF OSL
 AUGMENTS QUICK AND EFFECTIVE
THINKING
 AROUSES FEELING OF WELL BEING
 HELPS INDIVIDUAL TO BRING OUT BEST

19. Does the stress affect
all individuals in the same
way ?

20. STRESS MODERATORS
• PERSONALITY
• SOCIAL SUPPORT
• TYPE ‘A’ BEHAVIOUR

21. TYPE ‘A’ PERSONALITY
 OVERLY AGGRESSIVE,
COMPETITIVE, AMBITIOUS.
• TIME URGENCY ( ACHIEVE TOO MUCH IN
TOO LITTLE TIME)
• IMPATIENT, ANNOYED, ANGRY

22. How to cope with
stress ?

23. Steps to Counter Stress
• Take action
• Express your feelings
• Review priorities
• Accept what can not be changed
• Balancing work, social and
recreational activities
• Engage Thought Stopping
• Improve Time Management Skills

24. TIME MANAGEMENT
• DELEGATION
• EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
• PLANNING
• PRIORITISATION
• UNDERSTANDING TIME WASTERS

25. INDIVIDUAL COPING STRATEGIES
1. EXERCISE
3. MEDITATION, YOGA
2. NET WORKING (SOCIAL SUPPORT)

26. RELATIONSHIPS AT WORK
Good relationships with colleagues are
crucial. Open discussion is essential to
encourage positive relationships.

27. 1. What is stress ?
2. How do we react to stress?
3. Is the stress always harmful?
4. What are the factors that cause stress?
5. What are the consequences of stress ?
6. Does the stress affect all individuals equally?
7. How to cope with stress?
RECAP

29. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Adrenal glands