2. HOUSIN
G
"Housing", in the Modern concept includes not only
the 'physical structure' providing shelter, but also
the immediate surroundings, and the related
community services and community.
It has become part of the concept of "Human
Settlement", which is defined as " all places in which
a group of people reside and persue their life goals;
the site of settlement varies from a single family to
millions of people.
3. WHO expert group (1961)
on public health aspects
of housing prefers to use
the term residential
environment, which is
defined as the physical
structure including all
necessary services,
facilities, equipment and
devices needed or
desired for the physical
and mental health and
social well being of the
family and individual.
HOUSIN
G
4. Social Goals Of Housing
a) Shelter
b) Family Life
c) Access to community facilities)
Family participation in community
life
e) Economic Stability
5. The Implementation of social
goals in housing requires that
goverment should:
Introduce social housing schemes
Establish both minimum and maximum
standard
Create financial and fiscal institutions
geared to helping low income people
obtain credit for building and improving
their houses.
6. Criteria for healthful housing
Healthful housing provides physical
protection and shelter;
Provides adequately for cooking,
eating,washing,and excretory functions;
Is designed, constructed, mantained and
used in a manner such ast o prevent the
spread of communicable diseases;
Provides for protection from hazards of
exposure to noise and pollution;
7. Is free from unsafe physical
arrangements due to construction or
mantainance,and from toxic or
harmful materials;
Encourages personal and community
development, promotes social
relationships ,reflects a regard for
ecological principles and finally
promotes mental health.
8. HOUSING STANDARD
With the broadening concept of housing, the concept
of housing standards has also changed. Because of
cultural diversity and other factor such as climate and
social traditions, standard of housing must vary from
country to country and from region to region. In
short, there cannot be rigid uniform standards.
However minimum standards are still maintained
by building regulations, the aim being improvement
of housing and environmental conditions for the
majorities of families within the limits set by
available resources and objectives.
9.
10.
11. 4.Walls
-reasonably strong, (9 inch brick
with wall plastered smooth and
coloredcream or white)
5.Roof
-Should not be less than 10 feet
(3 mtr) in the absence of air-
conditioning for comfort.
6.Rooms
-should not be less than
two,atleast one of them can be
closed for security.
12.
13.
14.
15. RURAL HOUSING
There should be at least two living rooms
Ample verandah space may be provided
The build-up area should not exceed one-
third of total area
There should be a separate kitchen with a
paved sink or platform forwashing utensils.
16. RURAL HOUSING
The house should be provided with a sanitary
latrine
The window area should be at least 10% of the
floor area
There should be a sanitary well or a tube well
within a quarter of a ample from the house.
It is insanitary to keep cattle and livestock in
dwelling house. Cattlesheds should be at least
25 feet away from dwelling houses.
There should be adequate arrangement for
the disposal of waste water, refuse and
garbage.
17. URBAN
HOUSING
Urban housing is influenced
by the size of its population,
industrial and commercial
development.
Urban areas have essential
infrastructural facilities for
healthy living such as
protected water supply,
electricity, and sewerage; and
also the opportunities for
education, employment and
health.
18. Housing and Health
Poor housing is associated with the
following health conditions
• Respiratory Infection
• Skin infection
• Rat infestation
• Arthropods
• Accidents
• Morbidity and Mortality
• Psychological effects
