This document provides definitions and concepts related to tourism. It discusses what tourism is, different types of tourists and forms of tourism. Some key points:
1. Tourism can be defined as activities, processes and outcomes from the interactions between tourists, suppliers, governments and communities involved in attracting and hosting visitors.
2. There are various perspectives on tourism - from the tourist seeking experiences, businesses providing goods/services, governments seeking economic benefits, and host communities.
3. Types of tourism discussed include religious, historical, cultural, adventure, sports, medical, eco, rural, culinary and more.
4. Elements that define a tourist destination are discussed, as well as a model of the tourism system
Tour Packages and Itinerary Preparation .pptxPankaj Chandel
Package holidays, popularly known as a tour package or simply the word ‘tour’ in the travel and tourism industry refers either to a package tour escorted or not escorted by the tourist guide.
When we say tour package, it means a pre-arrangement, prepaid trip that combines two or more travel components like airfare, airport transfer, accommodation, and other services. Practically, to define the tour package concept is complex one rather understand.
Holloway defines a tour package as “a total tourism product consisting of transportation from the market area to the destination, accommodation at the destination and recreational activities promoted by the tourists.”
According to Gregorg “a tour package is advertised journey including specific features, arranged and promoted with tour literature by a tour operator and paid for in full by the tourists before starting the tour.”
Technically, a package tour/tour package is a total tourism product as it generally includes transport from the origin place to the destination, accommodation at an en route place or at the destination and other recreational or travel services. These components are purchased by an individual, firm or company called the ‘tour operator‘. He combines all the travel components in a package and sells them at all-inclusive prices to the clients.
The term ‘tour’ was in vogue as early as 1670. The Britishers traveled to widen their knowledge of the continent, especially to study the culture and social life. This practice was gradually adopted by other lovers of cultural centers.
The result of the process was that many European historic and cultural centers were opened to the British tourist. By the early 1730’s the small fishing resorts around the British coast begin to attract tourists seeking to their diseases by drinking the sea-water or by immersing themselves in it.
The introduction of a rail link between the major centers in 1830, had a profound impact on the pleasure travelers for the first time. Many entrepreneurs began to inspire rail travel by organizing excursions for the public at discounted offers.
Tour Packages and Itinerary Preparation .pptxPankaj Chandel
Package holidays, popularly known as a tour package or simply the word ‘tour’ in the travel and tourism industry refers either to a package tour escorted or not escorted by the tourist guide.
When we say tour package, it means a pre-arrangement, prepaid trip that combines two or more travel components like airfare, airport transfer, accommodation, and other services. Practically, to define the tour package concept is complex one rather understand.
Holloway defines a tour package as “a total tourism product consisting of transportation from the market area to the destination, accommodation at the destination and recreational activities promoted by the tourists.”
According to Gregorg “a tour package is advertised journey including specific features, arranged and promoted with tour literature by a tour operator and paid for in full by the tourists before starting the tour.”
Technically, a package tour/tour package is a total tourism product as it generally includes transport from the origin place to the destination, accommodation at an en route place or at the destination and other recreational or travel services. These components are purchased by an individual, firm or company called the ‘tour operator‘. He combines all the travel components in a package and sells them at all-inclusive prices to the clients.
The term ‘tour’ was in vogue as early as 1670. The Britishers traveled to widen their knowledge of the continent, especially to study the culture and social life. This practice was gradually adopted by other lovers of cultural centers.
The result of the process was that many European historic and cultural centers were opened to the British tourist. By the early 1730’s the small fishing resorts around the British coast begin to attract tourists seeking to their diseases by drinking the sea-water or by immersing themselves in it.
The introduction of a rail link between the major centers in 1830, had a profound impact on the pleasure travelers for the first time. Many entrepreneurs began to inspire rail travel by organizing excursions for the public at discounted offers.
Service Management Tourism and Travel ServicesSOMASUNDARAM T
Introduction, Concept and nature of tourism, Significance & impact of tourism.Market segmentation in tourism, tourism marketing mix management of travel services, role of travel agencies.Travel organization, tour operations – its meaning and services.
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Are the X-Men Marvel or DC An In-Depth Exploration.pdfXtreame HDTV
The world of comic books is vast and filled with iconic characters, gripping storylines, and legendary rivalries. Among the most famous groups of superheroes are the X-Men. Created in the early 1960s, the X-Men have become a cultural phenomenon, featuring in comics, animated series, and blockbuster movies. A common question among newcomers to the comic book world is: Are the X-Men Marvel or DC? This article delves into the history, creators, and significant moments of the X-Men to provide a comprehensive answer.
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
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In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
Reimagining Classics - What Makes a Remake a Success
HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT
1. UNIT I
Syllabus: What is Tourism? Definitions and Concepts, Tourist destination, services and
industry, General Tourism Trends. Types of Tourists, Visitor, Traveller, and Excursionist–
Definition and differentiation. Inter–regional and intra–regional tourism, inbound and
outbound tourism, domestic, international tourism. Forms of Tourism: religious, historical,
social, adventure, health, business, conferences, conventions, incentives, sports and
adventure, senior tourism, special interest tourism like culture or nature oriented, ethnic or
‘roots’ tourism and VFR. New Trends of travel, E- Commerce and Online communication in
Tourism
Tourism can be defined as the science, art, and business of attracting visitors, transporting
them, accommodating them, and graciously catering to their needs and wants.
Four different perspectives of tourism can be identified:
1.The tourist. The tourist seeks various psychic and physical experiences and satisfactions.
The nature of these will largely determine the destinations chosen and the activities enjoyed.
2. The businesses providing tourist goods and services. Businesspeople see tourism as an
opportunity to make a profit by supplying the goods and services that the tourist market
demands.
3. The government of the host community or area. Politicians view tourism as a wealth
factor in the economy of their jurisdictions. Their perspective is related to the incomes their
citizens can earn from this business. Politicians also consider the foreign exchange receipts
from international tourism as well as the tax receipts collected from tourist expenditures,
either directly or indirectly.
4. The host community. Local people usually see tourism as a cultural and employment
factor. Of importance to this group, for example, is the effect of the interaction between large
numbers of international visitors and residents. This effect may be beneficial or harmful, or
both.
Thus, tourism may be defined as the processes, activities, and outcomes arising from the
relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host
communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting and hosting of
visitors
Tourism is the entire world industry of travel, hotels, transportation, and all other components
that, including promotion, serve the needs and wants of travellers. Finally, tourism is the sum
total of tourist expenditures within the borders of a nation or a political subdivision or a
transportation-centred economic area of contiguous states or nations. This economic concept
also considers the income multiplier of these tourist expenditures.
According to WTO Tourism may be defined as: “Tourism comprises the activities of
persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not less than 24
hours and more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes.”
The term “usual environment” is intended to exclude trips within the place of residence, trip
to the usual place of work or education and daily shopping and other local day-to-day
activities.
The threshold of twelve months is intended to exclude long-term migration.
For the distance travelled there is no consensus. It varies from at least 40 kms to at least
160kms away from home one way for any purpose other than commuting to work.
Essential Requirements for Tourism
2. 1. Time, as the hours for leisure increase so does the opportunity for travel. Changes in
work days or hours, school calendars will affect how and when people can travel. The
overall travel pattern has moved from a two week vacation to 6-8 three or four day
mini-vacations per year.
2. Money, the majority of travel requires discretionary income. Discretionary income is
money left over after all monetary obligations (food, rent and taxes) have been paid.
3. Mobility, is the access to transportation (car, bus, plane, train or ship) and the hours
required to get to their destination.
4. Motivation, is the reason people travel. Motivations may include seeking novelty,
education, meet new people, adventure or stress reduction.
Five main characteristics of tourism may be identified from the definition
1. Tourism arises from a movement of people to, and their stay in, various destinations.
2. There are two elements in all tourism: the journey to the destination and the stay including
activities at the destination.
3. The journey and the stay take place outside the usual place of residence and work, so that
tourism gives rise to activities, which are distinct from those of the resident and the
working population of the places, through which the tourist travels and in which they stay.
4. The movement to destinations is of temporary, short-term character, with the intention of
returning to the usual environment within a few days, weeks or months.
5. Destinations are visited for purposes other than taking up permanent residence or
employment remunerated from within the places visited
Elements of Tourism
1. Pleasing Weather
2. Scenic Attraction
3. Historical & Cultural Factors
4. Accessibility
5. Amenities & Facilities
a) Natural Amenities
b) Man- made Amenities
Six A’s of Tourism
1. Accessibility
2. Accommodation
3. Amenities
4. Attractions
5. Activities
6. Affordability
As per WTO definition, Tourism canbe classifiedinto the following forms
Inbound tourism: Visits to a country by non-resident of that country - for example, when A
American citizen, Mr. Sam comes to India to see the Taj Mahal, he is an inbound tourist for
India
Outbound tourism: Visits by the residents of a country to another country - ,for example
when an Indian citizen, Mr. Ram goes to America to see Hollywood , he is an outbound
tourist for India
3. Domestic tourism: It involves travelling by the residents of the given country within their
own country -, for example, when Mr. Anil a resident of Delhi goes to see the Taj Mahal in
Agra he is a domestic Indian Tourist.
Internal tourism: It comprises of domestic tourism and inbound tourism.
International tourism: It comprises of inbound tourism and outbound tourism
Inter regional Tourism:
Intra regional Tourism:
On the basis of Purpose, following are the types of Tourism:
1. Accessible Tourism: "Accessible tourism is the ongoing endeavour to ensure tourist
destinations, products and services are accessible to all people, regardless of their physical
limitations, disabilities or age. It encompasses publicly and privately owned tourist locations.
2. Adventure/ Sports Tourism: Travel for the aim of exploration or travel to remote, exotic
and possibly hostile areas is known as adventure tourism. With tourists looking for different
options, adventure tourism is recording healthy growth. Adventure tourism refers to
performance of acts, which require significant efforts and some degree of risk or physical
danger. The activities include mountaineering, trekking, bungee jumping, mountain biking,
river rafting, and rock climbing. eg Cricket World Cup
3. Wildlife Tourism : Wildlife tourism, one of the fastest segments of tourism, involves
travel to different locations to experience wild life in natural settings.eg; Thailand, Malaysia,
South Africa, Kenya
4. Agritourism : - eg Scotland’s Agritourism Sector Has Potential To Boost Scotland’s
Economy by £200m by 2018. Scotland has a fantastic opportunity to capitalise on the
agritourism movement that is sweeping the globe. In Italy, holidaymakers staying on 20,000
Italian farms, 55% from the domestic market, contribute £1.2bn to agritourism businesses.
5. Convention Tourism: MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions) tourism
is also one of the fastest growing in the global tourism industry. It largely caters to business
travelers, mostly corporates. It caters to various forms of business meetings, international
conferences and conventions, events and exhibitions. Hong Kong, Malaysia and Dubai are
the top destinations for MICE tourism. India is also present in this segment. The Ashok, New
Delhi; Hyderabad International Convention Centre, Hyderabad; and Le Meridian, Cochin are
forerunners in the Indian MICE tourism industry, facilitating domestic and International
business meetings and conferences.
6. Culinary Tourism : Culinary tourism refers to trips made to destinations where the local
food and beverages are the main motivating factors for travel. eg France, Peru.
The growth in popularity of ethnic cuisines like Thai, Indian, North African, Mexican and
Chinese throughout the industrialised countries is attributable to a significant degree to
tourism where visitors sample local foods and develop a taste for them. Food and drink
festivals constitute the sole instance where the decision to travel is taken solely on the
grounds of the gastronomic experiences offered. These are becoming more prevalent, in
particular in Europe. Whilst this segment is growing, at present there are estimated to be no
more than one million international culinary tourists travelling each
year.
7.Cultural Tourism: This type of tourism is concerned with a country or region's culture,
specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those people,
their art, architecture, religion(s), and other elements that helped shape their way of life.
Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historic or large cities and their
4. cultural facilities such as museums and theatres. It can also include tourism in rural areas
showcasing the traditions of indigenous cultural communities (i.e. festivals, rituals), and their
values and lifestyle, as well as niches like industrial tourism and creative tourism. It is
generally agreed that cultural tourists spend substantially more than standard tourists do.
8. Ecotourism: Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is travel to natural areas to
appreciate the cultural and natural history of the environment, while not disturbing the
integrity of the ecosystem and creating economic opportunities that make conservation and
protection of natural resources advantageous to local people. It involves travel to destinations
where flora, fauna and cultural heritage are primary attractions. Ecotourism also minimises
wastage and the environmental impact through sensitised tourists. It can be one of the
medium to preserve local culture, flora and fauna and other natural resources.
India, with its great geographical diversity, offers several eco-tourism destinations. It is home
to a wealth of ecosystems which are well protected and preserved. These include:
Biosphere reserves
Mangroves
Coral reefs
Deserts
Mountains and forests
Flora and fauna
Seas, lakes and rivers
Caves
eg. South Africa also promotes it. Thenmala in Kerala is the first planned ecotourism
destination in India
9.Health Tourism/ Wellness : Wellness tourism is regarded as a sub-segment of medical
tourism. Here, the primary purpose is achieving, promoting or maintaining good health and a
sense of well-being. India with widespread presence of Ayurveda, Yoga, Siddha, and
Naturopathy, complemented by its spiritual philosophy, is a well-known wellness destination.
Wellness tourism includes ayurvedic therapies, spa visits, and yoga meditation. The
government is promoting this form of tourism with publicity and promotional activities.
10. Heritage Tourism: Heritage tourism is defined as “travel undertaken to explore and
experience places, activities, and artifacts that authentically represent the stories and people
of the past and present”. It is oriented toward cultural heritage of the tourist location. It
involves visiting historical or industrial sites, religious travel or pilgrimages. India is well
known for its rich heritage and ancient culture. The country’s rich heritage is amply reflected
in the various temples, majestic forts, pleasure gardens, religious monuments, museums, art
galleries and urban and rural sites which are citadels of civilisation. All these structures form
the products of heritage tourism.
11. Mass Tourism: mass tourism may be defined as the ‘accumulated appearance of tourists
in a special destination’ in a rather unspecific manner.
12. Religious Tourism: Religious tourism, also commonly referred to as faith tourism, is a
type of tourism, where people travel individually or in groups for pilgrimage, missionary, or
leisure (fellowship) purposes. The world's largest form of mass religious tourism takes place
at the annual Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
13. Medical Tourism: Medical tourism also known as health tourism has emerged as one of
the important segments of the tourism industry. The term has been coined by travel agencies
and the mass media to describe the rapidly-growing practice of travelling across international
borders to for healthcare. Travelers typically seek services such as elective procedures as well
as complex specialised surgeries such as joint replacement (knee/hip), cardiac, dental, and
5. cosmetic surgeries. Psychiatry, alternative treatments, and convalescent care are also
available.
14. Social Tourism: Social tourism “refers to programmes, events, and activities that enable
all population groups – and particularly youth, families, retirees, individuals with modest
incomes, and individuals with restricted physical capacity – to enjoy tourism, while also
attending to the quality of relations between visitors and host communities”. It also refers to
measures taken by governments in various countries to encourage holiday travel – a right
often won through struggle by labour unions, associations, and community groups”.
15. Space Tourism: Space tourism is space travel for recreational, leisure or business
purposes. A number of startup companies have sprung up in recent years, such as Virgin
Galactic and XCOR Aerospace, hoping to create a sub-orbital space tourism industry. Two
American spaceflight companies are quietly competing in a space race for the new era.
SpaceX and Boeing are vying to become the first private firms to fly astronauts to the
International Space Station for NASA sometime in 2017.
16. Sustainable Tourism: Sustainable tourism is defined as “tourism that respects both local
people and the traveller, cultural heritage and the environment”. It seeks to provide people
with an exciting and educational holiday that is also of benefit to the people of the host
country.
Tourist Destinations
Leiper (2004: 128) defined a tourist destination as, “places where travellers choose to
stay awhile for leisure experiences, related to one or more features or characteristics of
the place – a perceived attraction of some sort”. As such, tourist destinations are places
in whole tourism systems where tourists remain temporarily static.
It may be classified as:
1. Natural Interest areas
I. Adventure Sports
a) Mountain trekking
b) Snow Sporting
c) Water Sports
d) Para Gliding Area
II. Mountain and Hills
III. Beaches
a) Sea-side Resorts
b) River side resorts
2. Wildlife Surroundings
I. Wild life sanctuaries
II. National Parks
3. Heritage Culture Areas
I. Pilgrim Centres
II. Art Galleries
a) Memorials
b) Historical Monuments
6. Model of Tourism system by Leiper
Tourism model given by Leiper has got five elements
1. Tourists: are people from the traveller generating region and the human participants in
the system.
2. Transit Route: It is the link between the generating region and the destination and
comprises all the places that tourists pass through en route.
3. Tourism Industry: it consists of all the sectors and sub-sectors which meet the specific
needs and wants of all the tourists and is located in all the three regions.
4. Destination region: It is the place where the tourist is travelling to and is the focus of
tourist activity and attractions.
External environment: It can have a positive or negative impact on the tourism system
Classification of Travellers
7. Travel & Tourism
Travel implies journeys undertaken from one place to another for any purpose including
journeys to work and as a part of employment, as a part of leisure and to take up residence;
whereas Tourism includes the journey to a destination and also the stay at a destination
outside one’s usual place of residence and the activities undertaken for leisure and recreation.
All tourism includes some travel, but not all travel is tourism.
Some of the characteristics that distinguish tourism from travel are:
Tourism is:
1. Temporary, to distinguish it from the permanent travel of the tramp and nomad
2. Voluntary, to distinguish it from the forced travel of the exile and refugee
3. Round up, to distinguish it from the one-way journey of the migrant
8. 4. Relatively long, to distinguish it from the recurrent trips of the holiday house owner
TOURIST
Tourist is a person who undertakes a circular trip, i.e., ultimately comes back to the place
from where he sets about his journey. Based on the various definitions of a Tourist here are
some of the characteristics of a Tourist
1. He takes up his journey of his own free will.
2. He takes up the journey primarily in search of enjoyment.
3. The money spent on the visit is the money derived from home, not money earned in the
places of visit.
4. He finally returns to his original starting point.
The WTO in a conference held in 1963 introduced the term ‘Visitor’
A Visitor is defined as ‘Any person visiting a country other than that in which he has his
usual place of residence for any reason other than being interested in an occupation
remunerated from within the country visited. The term includes two types of visitors:
1. Tourist – Is a temporary visitor staying for a period of at least 24 hours in the country
visited and the purpose of whose journey can be classified under one of the following heads :
a) Leisure (recreation, holiday, health, study, religion and sport)
b) Business, family, mission, meeting.
As per the WTO’s definition following persons are to be regarded as tourists:
i) Persons travelling for pleasure, for domestic reasons, for health etc.
ii) Persons travelling for meetings or in representative capacity of any kind (scientific,
administrative, religious etc.)
iii) Persons travelling for business purposes.
iv) Persons arriving in the course of sea cruises, even when they stay for less than 24 hours
(in respect of this category of persons the condition of usual place of residence is waived off.
However persons belonging to the following categories are not considered as tourists:
i) Persons arriving with or without a contract to take up an occupation or engage in any
business activity in that country.
ii) Residents in a frontier zone and persons domiciled in one country and working in an
adjoining country.
iii) Students and young persons in boarding establishments of schools/colleges.
iv) Travellers passing through a country without stopping, even if the journey takes more
than 24 hours. 2.
Excursionist —is a temporary visitor staying for a period of less than 24hours in the
country visited. (Including travellers on the cruises).
Domestic Visitor -A person who travels within the country he is residing in, outside the
place of his usual environment for a period not exceeding 12 months.
International Visitor –A person who travels to a country other than the one in which he has
his usual residence for a period not exceeding 12 months
Plog’s Classification
Plog classifies tourists into three categories as described below −
Allocentric (The Wanderers) − A tourist who seeks new experiences and adventure in a
wide range of activities. This person is outgoing and self-confident in behavior. An
allocentric person prefers to fly and to explore new and unusual areas before others do so.
9. Allocentrics enjoy meeting people from foreign or different cultures. They prefer good hotels
and food, but not necessarily modern or chain-type hotels. For a tour package, an allocentric
would like to have the basics such as transportation and hotels, but not be committed to a
structured itinerary. They would rather have the freedom to explore an area, make their own
arrangements and choose a variety of activities and tourist attractions.
Psychocentric (The Repeater) − A tourist falling in this category is usually non-
adventuresome. They prefer to return to familiar travel destinations where they can relax and
know what types of food and activity to expect. Such tourists prefer to drive to destinations,
stay in typical accommodations, and eat at family-type restaurants.
Midcentric (Combination) − This category of tourists covers the ones who swing between
the above said two types.
Henley Centre Model ofHolidaymaking
A British Consultancy of Futurology, Henley Center has divided the tourists into four phases
Phase I- Bubble Travelers − They do not have much money as well as knowledge.
They prefer packaged tours. They long to observe different cultures without being a
part of it. They travel mostly out of curiosity.
Phase II- Idealized Experience Seekers − They are confident tourists with the
experience of foreign tours. They are flexible and comfortable. They prefer tour
offers made for individuals.
Phase III- Seasoned Travelers − These tourists are more affluent than the idealized-
experience seekers. They are more confident to experiment and experience different
places and environments. They are more adventurous and prefer individualistic tours.
Phase IV- Complete Immersers − These tourists have an intention of immersing
completely into the foreign culture, heritage, culinary experience, and language.
Their holidaying is well-planned but not well-structured.
Cohen’s Classification
Cohen’s classification of tourist is based on the theory that tourism combines the curiosity to
seek out new experiences with the need for the security of familiar reminders of home. Most
tourists prefer to explore the destinations from a familiar base. The degree of familiarity of
this base underlies Cohen’s typology in which he identifies four tourist roles:
1) The Organized Mass Tourist The organized mass tourists are the least adventurous and
spend most of their time in their comfortable “environmental bubble” throughout their trip.
“Environmental bubble” means the tourists surrounded by his/her similar living environment
while he/she is abroad. A guided tour in an air-conditioned bus traveling through the
countryside is a typical example of the organized mass tourist. The itinerary is decided in
advance, and all the attractions and stopping points are well fixed and guided. Tourists have
almost no decisions on their trip.
2) Individual Mass Tourist This type of tourists is similar to the organized mass tourist,
except that the tour is not entirely fixed. The tourist has a certain amount of control over
his/her time and itinerary, and is not bound to a group. However, all the major arrangements
are still made through a tour agency. The tour does not bring them much further afield than
the organized mass tourists do. They are still confined by their “environmental bubble”.
3) Explorer This type of tourists arranges their trips alone. They try to go somewhere
unusual, but still look for comfortable sleeping places and reliable means of transportation.
They retain some of the basic routines and comforts of their native way of life. They try to
mix with the people they visit and also try to speak their language. The explorers dare to
10. leave their “environmental bubble” more readily than the organized mass tourists and
individual mass tourists, but they are still careful about their ventures.
4) Drifter This type of tourists goes further away from the “environmental bubble” and from
the accustomed ways of life in their home countries. They keep away from any kind of
connection with the tourism establishment, such as hotels and tour coaches. The drifters have
no fixed itinerary or timetable. They tend to make their trips wholly on their own, live with
the local people and often take odd-jobs to keep themselves going. They try to live the way
the locals live, and to share their houses, food, and habits.
Difference Between :
VISITOR TOURIST EXCURSIONIST
Any people visiting a
country other than that in
which he/she has his
usual place of residence,
for any reason other than
following occupation
remunerated from with
country visited and
remaining at least 24
hours.
Any person coming to
country for legitimate
reason other than
immigration and who
stays at least 24 hours
and at most 1 year during
the same year.
Any personvisiting a
country other than his
residence and remaining
less than 24 hours.
They stay more than 24
hours and less than 1
month. .
They stay at more than
24 hrs and less than 1
year
They stay less than 24
hours.
All visitors are not
tourists.
All the tourists are called
visitors.
All visitors may be
excursionists.
They are not involved in
earning activities
Their activities should be
of ‘Economic Nature’
They shouldn’t get
involved in earning
activities
Definitions followed in India
In relation to the definitions provided by the WTO, those followed in India are different in
some ways.
International Visitor- - has been defined as a person holding a foreign passport, visiting the
country and the main purpose of whose visit is other than the exercise of an activity
remunerated from within the country visited.
•International Tourist- -An international tourist has been defined as a person visiting India
on a foreign passport, staying at least 24 hours in India and the purpose of whose journey can
be classified under one of the following headings:
• Leisure (recreation, holiday, health, study, religion and sport
• Business, Family, Mission and Meeting. The following are not regarded as foreign tourists
i) Persons arriving with or without contract to take up an occupation or engage in activities
remunerated from within the country.
ii) Persons coming to establish residences in the country.
11. iii) Nationals of Nepal entering India through land-routes along India- Nepal border.
iv) All foreigners entering India from Bhutan by land and children aged less than three years.
Excursionist: - he is a visitor staying less than 24 hours in the country including cruise
passengers.
Cruise Passenger - he is a visitor who arrives in the country aboard cruise ships and who
does not spend a night in an accommodation establishment in the country.
Domestic Tourist- - A person who travels within the country to a place other than his usual
place of residence and stays at hotels or other accommodation establishments run on
commercial bases or in dharamshalas or stays with friends and relatives and uses sightseeing
facilities, or goes on a pilgrimage for a duration of not less than 24 hours or one night and not
more than 6 months at a time for any of the following purposes:
• Pleasure(holiday, leisure, sports and so on)
• Pilgrimage, Religious and Social functions
• Study and Health
The following are not regarded as domestic tourists:
• Persons arriving with or without a contract to take up an occupation or engage in activities
remunerated from within the state centre.
• Persons visiting their home town or native place on leave or a short visit for meeting
relations and friends, attending social and religious functions and staying in their own houses
or with relatives and friends and not using any sightseeing facilities.
• Foreigners resident in India
DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES ON THE STUDY OF TOURISM
1. Geographical Perspective - from a geographer’s perspective the main concern of tourism
is to look into aspects like the geographical location of a place, the climate, the landscape, the
environment, the physical planning and the changes in these emerging from provisioning of
tourism facilities and amenities. A geographer feels that it is the climate, landscape or
physical attributes which draw the tourist to a destination, for example; if a person from Delhi
goes to Shimla in the summer he does so because of the cooler climate which he cannot get in
Delhi
2. Sociological Perspective - From a sociologist’s perspective Tourism is a social activity; it
is about interaction between different communities—hosts and guests—and encounter
between different cultures. This approach studies social classes, habits and customs of both
hosts and guests in terms of tourism behaviour of individuals or groups of people and the
impact of tourism on society.
3. Historical Perspective - from an historian’s perspective tourism is a study of the factors
instrumental in the initiation of tourism to a particular destination, the order of happenings
leading to tourism development, the reasons for happening of the occurrences in that order,
beneficiaries of the tourist activity and an untimely and premature identification of negative
effects. For example we all know that a lot of tourists visit Taj Mahal in Agra but a historian
would be interested in studying the factors that bring the tourist there, e.g. the architecture,
the story behind the monument, or something else that draws them there.
4. Managerial Perspective - from the management perspective tourism is an industry, and
therefore needs managerial skills in order to be properly managed. As the industry grows we
see
continuous changes in various organizations and services linked with the industry, the
tourism products and so on so this approach concentrates on management activities such as
planning, research,pricing, marketing, control etc. as vital to the operation of a tourist
establishment.
12. 5. Economic Perspective – From an economist’s perspective tourism is a major source of
foreign exchange earnings, a generator of personal and corporate incomes, a creator of
employment and a contributor to government earnings. It is a dominant global activity
surpassing even trade in oil and manufactured goods. Economists study the effects of tourism
industry on the economy. This is a two way process.
There are two important components that make up tourism:
1. The practice of travelling for pleasure.
2. The business of providing tours and services for persons travelling.
Here we are discussing the features of the above two components
The following are required, to make travel possible: (Component 1)
1. Discretionary income, i.e. money to spend on non-essentials
2. Time in which to do so.
3. Infrastructure in the form of accommodation facilities and means of transport.
Individually, sufficient health is also a condition, and of course the inclination to travel.
Furthermore, in some countries there are legal restrictions on travelling, especially abroad.
Communist states restrict foreign travel only to "trustworthy" citizens. The United States
prohibits its citizens from travelling to some countries, for example, Cuba.
Tourism Services ( Component 2)
There are four basic services to be provided for Tourists:
1. Travel Arrangements
2. Board and Lodging
3. Food
4. Entertainment
Constituents of the Tourism Industry
Main Constituents
1. Transport Industry
2. Hospitality Industry
3. Entertainment Industry
4. Travel agents and Tour operators
5. Guides and escorts
6. Tourism Organisation
Secondary Constituents
1. Shops and state emporiums
2. Arts and crafts
3. Local transport
4. Banks
5. Insurance Companies
6. Communication services
7. Performing Artists
8. Publishers
9. Advertisers
10. Hawkers and Coolies
11. Agents and Brokers
Tertiary Constituents
1. Construction/ real estate
13. 2. Clothing manufacturers
3. Communication network
4. Education & Training
5. Recreation/ Sports goods
6. Bottlers/brewers/ distillers
TOURISM: AS AN INDUSTRY
Tourism industry is the one that deals with the tourists as consumers, the money spent by
them, and the resources rendering various goods and services which facilitate the
composition of the tourism product.
This industry has-been named as a ‘smokeless industry’ because unlike other industries it is
invisible and non-polluting. The tourism industry is an extraordinarily complex integration of
many industries spread over many sectors. Tourism is an umbrella industry containing a set
of inter-related business participants. For example, industries like Transport (Air, water and
surface), Accommodation (Hotels, Motels, and Supplementary Accommodations), and Travel
Companies, (Tour Operators/ Travel Agents), Recreation and Entertainment Institutions,
Handicrafts business, etc and the provision of the many goods and services demanded by
tourists. Interestingly, most of the component industries also get related to varied commercial
and non-commercial activities over and above providing their services to the tourists.
Over the years, there has been a growing awareness of tourism as a human activity, an
industry, and a catalyst for economic growth and development. Like any other industry the
tourism industry draws resources from the economy, adds value and produces marketable
products. The only difference here is that no tangible product is produced like in the case of a
manufacturing industry. The product in this case, as we have already discussed in the
previous lesson, is intangible and joint or composite in nature. The tourism industry impacts
various auxiliary (specific) and ancillary (general) industries as well. Tourism today is
undergoing a rapid transformation towards a new industry having far-reaching implications
for organizations in the travel and tourism industry in particular, and consequences of import
for developing and developed countries in general, growing increasingly dependent on the
tourist dollar.
The forces driving the change in this industry are many. In olden times people travelled
mainly for commercial and religious reasons and leisure travel was for the rich. Today people
travel for a variety of motivations, including business, leisure, religion, culture, visiting
friends and relatives, education and health. The means of transportation have become varied
and faster and as the transport becomes faster, new travellers emerge and people travel
greater distances. Another important force driving the growth within the industry is the
growth and expansion of the middle class and an increase in their disposable income.
The travel industry is complex in nature and challenging to manage. This is for three main
reasons- their process type, cost structure and market features. In terms of process, most
operations are a combination of customer processing operations, material processing
operations and information processing operations. There is a mix of cost structures based
around provision of service, food, accommodation, sightseeing, airfare etc. Forecasting and
packaging are some key market features.
Originally segmentation in the industry was based on social class however, currently many
factors influence segmentation in the industry. Now there are products that are specially
marketed to specific groups of people or market segments based on lifestyle. Due to
segmentation more choice is created for consumers and branding has emerged, major
14. companies are developing brands that are easily recognizable, for example, Thomas Cook
holidays, Star Cruises, etc.
Tourists are now a sophisticated lot. They are demanding and constantly looking for new
variations in the products and newer destinations. In addition, there is growing environmental
awareness and travellers are increasingly prepared to shun over-commercialized and polluted
destinations for newer and less popular ones. Parallel to all these changes in the marketplace,
there is deregulation of the airline industry, an explosion of technology both for automated
reservations and for travel management, and an increasing trend towards concentration of the
industry reflected by the large numbers of mergers, takeovers and acquisition of the industry
from ‘old’ to ‘new’ tourism.
NEW TRENDS IN TOURISM
15. Relationship Marketing: The adoption of the smartphone is rising around the planet, with
about 2 billion consumers worldwide expected to own a smartphone in 2016. The goal of
relationship marketing is to focus on building stronger loyalty and long-term customer
engagement, versus short term acquisition and individual sales. Relationship marketing in
the travel and tourism industry helps build long trusting relationships with customers that
will drive word-of-mouth promotions long after a tour or stay and on-going lead generation.
Automation: As marketers are now spending up to 50% of their time on content, companies
are coming up with new ways to automate travel and tourism marketing efforts. Using a
marketing automation platform makes it easier to schedule consistent emails, segment
contacts, automate social media posts, manage batches of content, and track the entire
lifecycle of customers. If you’re running your own travel and tourism business, chances are
you won’t have time to post on social media every day, or write your own content constantly.
Sites such as Hootsuite, Buffer and Edgar allow you to schedule social media posts and
applicable content days and weeks out. No more need to rush to a computer or smartphone so
you can post. Consider writing your blog articles ahead of time, researching keywords and
then scheduling their post dates. Website platforms such as Wordpress are great for this.
Location-Based Technology: Location-based technology such as the iBeacon is small
inexpensive transmitters that use Bluetooth technology to detect nearby devices that can be
housed in retail storefronts/offices, point-of-sale displays, and merchandising areas.
Hospitality will likely place them at check-in counters, and those with options in airports and
Tourist Information kiosk will have even more advantage to reach users. Tour operators will
be getting creative with ways to use iBeacon to reach these potential customers' devices.
This technology can also be beneficial for tourism and travel event attendees. iBeacons can
help with conference sign ups, and engagement in talks, presentations and live event sessions.
LinkedIn integration offers the opportunity to connect with users by sending messages
through push notifications about the latest news, marketing promotions, announcements,
updates, special offers, etc.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a small electronic device that contains a chip and
antenna, providing a unique identifier tag. RFID enabled wristbands, cards, and apps can
enable attendees to interact in new and engaging ways. Event organizers can let visitors
easily share their travel experiences with their friends online. Brands can increase social
media shares and likes with a single photo tap of the wristband. Travel and tourism
companies can offer these to their clients and encourage them to take and share photos,
possibly offering a discount or prize to those who share. The accessibility of these social
proof generating wristbands will make it easier and more enjoyable for your customers to
engage online while enjoying adventures around the world with your tourism company.
Short-Term Marketing: Apps like Snapchat, the most popular video messaging app, are
already moving into the “standard platform” and marketers should understand that Snapchat
isn’t just a tool for fun once-or-twice marketing experiments- it is a platform with a lot of
sales and lead generating potential. More and more users are flocking to Snapchat from
Instagram for a real-time social media experience, deeper engagement and this platform can
be part of your emerging marketing strategy.
To deliver integrated destination campaigns that makes users feel connected and enticed to
keep coming back for more, you need to be offering exclusive irresistible content that
expires. Limited time only makes content more desirable when there is a countdown for the
length of time videos are available for devouring. Less is more! Minimal but high quality is
the direction you want to think for travel and tourism marketing in 2016. Ephemeral
16. marketing is about communicating a short and to-the-point message. Nowadays, people have
less and less time, and this model works.
Snapchat has become the ultimate platform for experiential brands such as ESPN, and
Comedy Central, and those who want to push their messages to their targeted consumers in
new innovative ways. With Snapchat, the advertisement, or Snap, becomes the product. Take
advantage and snap pictures of deals, destinations, current and past trips, and specific
experiences you want your potential clients to experience. Be organic and focus your small
batches of quality video.
The New Social Media: Yes there is new and actually exciting innovations still happening
in the social media platforms you're familiar with. Facebook has its own search engine, and
it seems inevitable that search will eventually go far beyond the current capabilities of its
forefathers - Google, Bing, and Yahoo. As search capacities about member interests,
locations and detailed demographics improve within social media, brands should see an
automatic boost. In addition when buttons such as buy, learn more, or book, and other
payment buttons begin to appear more frequently on multiple social platforms, an all-in-one
type platform will manifest. We're already seeing buy button options on Pinterest as it
evolves. Every month this year, social media will be decreasing the gap between one
venturing to find the purchase location of shared content and the travel and hospitality
destination on the internet to buy that product.
With advanced search capabilities, integrated payment methods, and the impact that social
media empowers, potential clients will be able to book their trips, pay for bookings, and
social proof share with friends about their excitement of upcoming trips and adventures.
Advanced searches will bring a more integrated social experience for potential customers that
expand directly into the travel and tourism sales realm in the online space. No longer will
someone make a travel booking and not share it with their online networks. If you cater your
travel and tourism marketing efforts to the all-in-one, book-and-share social
Online communication in tourism
As online communication, travel communities, and social networking keep changing the
ways in which destinations are researched, perceived and marketed, it is becoming
increasingly important to understand the value of utilising these tools and channels
effectively.
Some of these tools include:
Tourism Blogs: Blogs are excellent tools for providing valuable and descriptive information.
Especially larger quantities of information that can’t be consumed through the fast-paced
feeds of other social media channels. Blogs are also the perfect environments to build loyal
online travel communities, get visitor feedback, source user-generated content, and run real-
time marketing campaigns.
Twitter for Tourism: If you are looking to distribute interesting or valuable information
about your destination to a massive, targeted audience, Twitter should be your tool of choice
which can help you with:
1. Profile setup and design
2. Communication engagement
3. Effective integration of Twitter into your website
17. Facebook: Some global brands are replacing their websites with Facebook pages altogether.
When looking at its user base, advertising opportunities, user-involvement and
communication abilities, this comes as no surprise. With users’ability to share media and stay
connected via mobile devices, this platform has become extremely powerful in the tourism
industry and should not be overlooked by destinations.
Flickr : Flickr.com is an online photo sharing community providing millions of users to
upload, share and discuss their photographs.
Email Marketing for Tourism: When used effectively, email marketing is one of the most
effective and measurable electronic communication tools available.