The document discusses optimization of production from horizontal wells using nodal analysis and the PROSPER software. It outlines factors that affect pressure losses in horizontal and inclined well sections and describes how nodal analysis can be used to model well deliverability and optimize parameters like well length. Results from PROSPER simulations show how inlet pressure, pressure drop, and flowrate increase with longer well lengths up to an optimal value. The document concludes horizontal wells can be optimized for production using nodal analysis and PROSPER to evaluate factors affecting pressure losses and choose well parameters.
Production Optimization using nodal analysis. The nodal systems analysis approach is a very flexible method
that can be used to improve the performance of many well
systems. The nodal systems analysis approach may be used to analyze
many producing oil and gas well problems. The procedure can
be applied to both flowing and artificial
Skin factor is a dimensionless parameter that quantifies the formation damage around the wellbore. it also can be negative (which indicates improvement in flow) OR positive (which means formation damage exists). Positive skin can lead to severe well production issues and thus reducing the well revenue
Production Optimization using nodal analysis. The nodal systems analysis approach is a very flexible method
that can be used to improve the performance of many well
systems. The nodal systems analysis approach may be used to analyze
many producing oil and gas well problems. The procedure can
be applied to both flowing and artificial
Skin factor is a dimensionless parameter that quantifies the formation damage around the wellbore. it also can be negative (which indicates improvement in flow) OR positive (which means formation damage exists). Positive skin can lead to severe well production issues and thus reducing the well revenue
production optimization nowadays is a vital thing to capture for every gas field to get proper production rate. That's they need proper way to optimize there production. Here I have discussed about the process of production optimization using prosper softer from petroleum expert.
The objective of this project was to identify various methods for well test in horizontal wells. Well test analysis in horizontal wells is applied to find the reservoir parameters like permeability and skin factor and the result from the chosen methods will be compared to the result of some famous software like Kappa Saphir, PanSystem, etc which are used in oil and gas industries.
Selection of the best artificial lift systems for the well depend on location, depth, estimated production, reservoir properties, and many other factors. Here is an overview on selection criteria for the best results
The problem of water and gas coning has plagued the petroleum industry for decades. Water or gas encroachment in oil zone and thus simultaneous production of oil & water or oil & gas is a major technical, environmental and economic problems associated with oil and gas production. This can limit the productive life of the oil and gas wells and can cause severe problems including corrosion of tubulars, fine migration, hydrostatic loading etc. The environmental impact of handling, treating and disposing of the produced water can seriously affect the economics of the production. Commonly, the reservoirs have an aquifer beneath the zone of hydrocarbon. While producing from oil zone, there develops a low pressure zone as a result of which the water zone starts coning upwards and gas zone cones down towards the production perforation in oil zone and thus reducing the oil production. Pressure enhanced capillary transition zone enlargement around the wellbore is responsible for the concurrent production. This also results in the loss of water drive and gas drive to a certain extent.
Numerous technologies have been developed to control unwanted water and gas coning. In order to design an effective strategy to control the coning of oil or gas, it is important to understand the mechanism of coning of oil and gas in reservoirs by developing a model of it. Non-Darcy flow effect (NDFE), vertical permeability, aquifer size, density of well perforation, and flow behind casing increase water coning/inflow to wells in homogeneous gas reservoirs with bottom water are important factors to consider. There are several methods to slow down coning of water and/or gas such as producing at a certain critical rate, polymer injection, Downhole Water Sink (DWS) technology etc.
Shubham Saxena
B.Tech. petroleum Engineering
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad
Presentation defines well completion as a sub-discipline of drilling operations. It introduces the various components of the well completion process. It then describes and explains basic areas of the completion process including the bottom-hole completion process, the perforation process, the upper completion with packers, tubing component equipment and devices, tubing configurations, the horizontal completions and the Christmas tree(production head)
production optimization nowadays is a vital thing to capture for every gas field to get proper production rate. That's they need proper way to optimize there production. Here I have discussed about the process of production optimization using prosper softer from petroleum expert.
The objective of this project was to identify various methods for well test in horizontal wells. Well test analysis in horizontal wells is applied to find the reservoir parameters like permeability and skin factor and the result from the chosen methods will be compared to the result of some famous software like Kappa Saphir, PanSystem, etc which are used in oil and gas industries.
Selection of the best artificial lift systems for the well depend on location, depth, estimated production, reservoir properties, and many other factors. Here is an overview on selection criteria for the best results
The problem of water and gas coning has plagued the petroleum industry for decades. Water or gas encroachment in oil zone and thus simultaneous production of oil & water or oil & gas is a major technical, environmental and economic problems associated with oil and gas production. This can limit the productive life of the oil and gas wells and can cause severe problems including corrosion of tubulars, fine migration, hydrostatic loading etc. The environmental impact of handling, treating and disposing of the produced water can seriously affect the economics of the production. Commonly, the reservoirs have an aquifer beneath the zone of hydrocarbon. While producing from oil zone, there develops a low pressure zone as a result of which the water zone starts coning upwards and gas zone cones down towards the production perforation in oil zone and thus reducing the oil production. Pressure enhanced capillary transition zone enlargement around the wellbore is responsible for the concurrent production. This also results in the loss of water drive and gas drive to a certain extent.
Numerous technologies have been developed to control unwanted water and gas coning. In order to design an effective strategy to control the coning of oil or gas, it is important to understand the mechanism of coning of oil and gas in reservoirs by developing a model of it. Non-Darcy flow effect (NDFE), vertical permeability, aquifer size, density of well perforation, and flow behind casing increase water coning/inflow to wells in homogeneous gas reservoirs with bottom water are important factors to consider. There are several methods to slow down coning of water and/or gas such as producing at a certain critical rate, polymer injection, Downhole Water Sink (DWS) technology etc.
Shubham Saxena
B.Tech. petroleum Engineering
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad
Presentation defines well completion as a sub-discipline of drilling operations. It introduces the various components of the well completion process. It then describes and explains basic areas of the completion process including the bottom-hole completion process, the perforation process, the upper completion with packers, tubing component equipment and devices, tubing configurations, the horizontal completions and the Christmas tree(production head)
PE979 HIGH PRESSURE HIGH TEMPERATURE COMPLETIONSpetroEDGE
This course is aimed primarily at completions and drilling engineers. It is also aimed at those that are influenced by HPHT issues (e.g. reservoir engineers, project
managers, subsea and facility engineers). The course will benefit vendors, service companies and other specialists. The course assumes basic knowledge of completions.
Wac ncc010512 israel&cyprus-deepwatergas&insecurityDavid Edick Jr
Describes the complex scenario developing in the eastern Mediterranean through Israel’s deep water gas discoveries that have set it on a course of strategic energy independence, and the prospect of similar discoveries off Cyprus that have the potential to draw Israel into a new conflict between old adversaries - Turkey and Greece.
A brief view about the Extraction of Petroleum products from subsurface by using different methods.
Muhammad Wajid Manzoor
Institute of Geology
Punjab University Lahore, Pakistan
How to evaluate Oil and Gas Company’s Performance & Stock InvestmentHamdy Rashed
We discussed in this paper the impact of oil and gas production and reserves disclosure on
investment decisions in Oil and Gas upstream industry. We displayed with some special ratios and
analysis in brief to draw the attention of interested individual’s to how the disclosures of oil and gas
production and reserves are important for internal and external information users. Disclosing
specific financial and non-financial ratios and net present value of expected cash flow for petroleum
reserves depends on Company’s initiative and stock market requirements to disclose such
information in petroleum upstream industry. And we explain in brief of how to measure the fair
value of oil and gas properties and how its impact on the stock price in the secondary market, why
paying attention to the reliability in disclosure of reserves is important and what internal and
external auditors’ role is for verifying the accuracy and reliability of such disclosures.
Intelligent well completion is emerging technology in E&P sector. It helps to reduce well interventions thus to save project cost. This technology has shown enormous potential in subsea development and marginal field developments.
Ratio analysis project on ONGC of year 2010-11 & 2011-12Arjun Negi
Title: ratio analysis for period 2010-11 & 2011-12 : case study of ONGC SCOPE:
a) Ratio Analysis: concept, definition, Objectives, merits and demerits;
b) Calculation of solvency ratios: short term & long term;
c) Analysis of last two year 2010-11 & 2011-12;
d) Conclusion.
( included bibliography, literature review , and ONGC balance sheet )
Industry studies show that mature fields currently account for over 70% of the world’s oil and gas production. Increasing production rates and ultimate recovery in these fields in order to maintain profitable operations, without increasing costs, is a common challenge.
This lecture addresses techniques to extract maximum value from historical production data using quick workflows based on common sense. Extensive in-depth reservoir studies are obviously very valuable, but not all situations require these, particularly in the case of brown fields where the cost of the study may outweigh the benefits of the resulting recommendations.
This lecture presents workflows based on Continuous Improvement/LEAN methodology which are flexible enough to apply to any mature asset for short and long term planning. A well published, low permeability brown oil field was selected to retroactively demonstrate the workflows, as it had an evident workover campaign in late 2010 with subsequent production increase. Using data as of mid-2010, approximately 40 wells were identified as under-performing due to formation damage or water production problems, based on three days of analyses. The actual performance of the field three years later was then revealed along with the actual interventions performed. The selection of wells is compared to the selection suggested by the workflow, and the results of the interventions are shown. The field's projected recovery factor was increased by 5%, representing a gain of 1.4 million barrels of oil.
Study of Time Reduction in Manufacturing of Screws Used in Twin Screw PumpIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper gives the characteristics of Time reduction in manufacturing of screws for Twin screw pumps. Screws are playing a vital role in the performance of pumps, because pumps give the fluids transfer rate with the help of screws. There is a gap in screws which shows its positiveness. This indicates that we are studying about positive displacements pumps. Positive displacements pumps having no point of contact between screws, because of that there will be no any friction formation. Automation is best for development of product to reduce time in manufacturing of any product. In this paper we also tried to explain this feature of Automation to help reduction of time to manufacture of product to increase productivity.
Energy losses in Bends, loss coefficient related to velocity head.Pelton Whee...Salman Jailani
In this slide you learn the how to make the lablayout and the study the Energy losses, Pelton Wheel. Kaplan TURBINE, Franices TURBine And its Efficiency of Mecahanical Power Plants..
00923006902338
Improving Energy Efficiency of Pumps and Fanseecfncci
Pumps and Fans are energy consuming equipment that can be found in almost all Industries. Therefore, it is important to check if they are running efficiently. This presentation give an overview about energy saving opportunities in pump and fan equipment. It was prepared in the context of energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
We are all familiar with the production systems through which reservoir fluids flow to reach our processing facilities. This is a journey characterized by complex multiphase flow phenomena that govern pressure and temperature changes along the way. A monumental amount of research and development work has been invested towards better understanding multiphase flow behavior over the past fifty years. Yet, many challenges remain as we strive to optimize ever more complex production systems fraught with difficult flow assurance issues. Just how good is the science? And more importantly, how does this impact our bottom line? This lecture will discuss key concepts of multiphase flow leading to the current “state-of-the-art” models used today. Looking towards the future, the science must be advanced to address areas of greatest uncertainty and align with trends in field development strategies. Recommendations will be presented covering the top 5 areas of research necessary for these purposes. The economic impact of multiphase operations will be illustrated using two examples that provide insight towards maximizing asset value.
Mack Shippen is a Principal Engineer with Schlumberger in Houston, where he is responsible for the global business of the PIPESIM multiphase flow simulation software. He has extensive experience in well and network simulation studies, ranging from flow assurance to dynamic coupling of reservoir and surface simulation models. He has served on a number of SPE committees and chaired the SPE Reprint Series on Offshore Multiphase Production Operations. He holds BS and MS degrees in Petroleum Engineering from Texas A&M University, where his research focused on multiphase flow modelling.
Analyzing Multi-zone completion using multilayer by IPR (PROSPER) Arez Luqman
The primary objective of any well drilled and completed is to produce Hydrocarbons; by loading the Hydrocarbon (i.e. Oil and Gas) contained within the well through a conduit of the well and start separating it with surface facilities depending on type and composition of the Hydrocarbon.
Producing oil is simultaneously contained with problems depending on the type and properties of the reservoir.
Furthermore, what makes the problems much more; is when oil and/or gas is produced from multi-zones at the same time, when accumulated problems from all the producer zones occurring at the same time.
To help analyze this problems we are going to use PROSPER software package IPR multilayer, in which helps in identifying the relationship between Flow rate and Reservoir pressure.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
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Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
2. • Aim
• What is Optimization?
• What is Production Optimization?
• Production Optimization Using Nodal Analysis
• Improved Nodal Analysis for Horizontal Well
• Factors Affects Pressure Losses in Horizontal Section
• Factors Affects Pressure Losses in Inclination Section
• What is PROSPER?
• Applications of PROSPER
• Results
• Unimaginable Point!
• Conclusion
• References 2
3. The aim of this project is to optimize the production in horizontal
wells, there are several methods to optimize production in
horizontal wells. One of the most effective way to achieve the
gaol is increasing horizontal well section.
3
4. Optimization is an act, process,
or methodology of making as
fully perfect, functional, or
effective as possible, specifically
the mathematical procedures
involved in this.
4
5. • The term ‘‘production optimization’’
has been used to describe different
processes in the oil and gas industry.
• Production Optimization means
Balance between Production rate /
Deliverability and demand.
• Production Optimization includes a
good understanding about Production
Systems and Reservoir Fluid.
5
6. • Well deliverability is determined by
the combination of well inflow
performance and wellbore flow
performance.
• This work focuses on prediction of
achievable fluid production rates
from reservoirs with specified
production string characteristics.
• The technique of analysis is called
“Nodal Analysis”
6
Gilbert (1956) (10)
8. After improve nodal
analysis for horizontal
well, two important
section will be increased
that are following:
• Horizontal Section
• Inclination Section
8
9. 1. The characteristics and physical
properties of the fluid.
2. Friction in pipes.
3. Energy losses in fitting.
4. Pressure drop through equipment.
5. The distance or length the fluid must
travel.
6. Diameter change of the pipe.
9
10. Factors affects pressure losses in horizontal
section same as bent section, only one factor
will be added which is Pressure Losses
whenever the flow direction changes.
The pressure loss in a bend can thus
be calculated as:
10
11. • PROSPER is a well performance, design and
optimization program.
• PROSPER is designed to allow the building of reliable
and consistent well models, with the ability to
address each aspect of well bore modelling PVT, VLP
correlations and IPR.
• PROSPER enables detailed surface pipeline
performance and design: Flow Regimes, pipeline
stability, Slug Size and Frequency.
11
12. • Design and optimize well completions including
multi-lateral, multilayer and horizontal wells.
• Design and optimize tubing and pipeline sizes.
• Design, diagnose and optimize Gas lifted, Hydraulic
pumps and ESP wells.
• Calculate pressure losses in wells, flow lines and
across chokes.
• Predict flowing temperatures in wells and pipelines.
• Calculate total skin and determine breakdown.
• Allocate production between wells.
12
13. D:Koya UniProd Eng II - 2015-2016projec tH.W OptPROSPE R ModelT 04_HORIZONT ALOILWE LL.Out
0 21000 42000 63000 84000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
IPR plot Horizontal Well - No Flow Boundaries (HW 05/14/2016 - 11:58:15)
Rate (S T B/day)
Pressure(psig)
Inflow T ype Single Branch
Completion Cased Hole
Sand Control None
Gas Coning No
Reservoir Model Horizontal Well - No Flow Boundaries
M& G Skin Model Enter Skin B y Hand
Compaction Permeability Reduction Model No
Relative P ermeability No
Formation PI 41.07 (ST B /day/ps i)
Absolute Open Flow (AOF)82543.8 (ST B /day)
Reservoir Pres sure4000.00 (ps ig)
Reservoir T emperature200.00 (deg F)
Water Cut 0 (perc ent)
T otal GOR400.00 (sc f/S T B)
Reservoir Permeability150.00 (md)
Reservoir T hic knes s 100.0 (feet)
Wellbore Radius 0.354 (feet)
Reservoir Porosity (fraction)
Horizontal Anis otropy 1 (fraction)
Vertic al A nisotropy 0.1 (fraction)
Length Of Well2000.0 (feet)
Reservoir Length5000.0 (feet)
Reservoir Width5000.0 (feet)
Dis tanc e From Length E dge T o Centre Of Well2500.0 (feet)
Dis tanc e From Width Edge T o Centre Of Well2500.0 (feet)
Dis tanc e From Bottom T o Centre Of Well 50.0 (feet)
Skin 5
AOF : 82543.8 (ST B/day)
Formation PI : 41.07 (ST B/day/psi)
SK IN : 5
Results: IPR curve
13
14. Results: Well Capacity
0 10000 20000 30000 40000
0
1500
3000
4500
6000
Inf low (IPR) v Outf low (VLP) Plot (HW 05/15/2016 - 08:35:04)
Liquid Rate (STB/day)
Pressure(psig)
PVT Method Black Oil
Fluid Oil
Flow Type Tubing
Top Node Pressure250.00 (psig)
Water Cut 0 (percent)
Bottom Measured Depth8050.0 (feet)
Inflow Type Single Branch
Completion Cased Hole
Sand Control None
Solution Point
Liquid Rate18453.6 (STB/day)
Oil Rate18453.6 (STB/day)
Water Rate 0 (STB/day)
Gas Rate 7.381 (MMscf/day)
Solution Node Pressure3354.18 (psig)
dP Friction 823.12 (psi)
dP Gravity2237.76 (psi)
dP T otal Skin 196.48 (psi)
dP Perforation 0 (psi)
dP Damage 0 (psi)
dP Completion 0 (psi)
Completion Skin 5.00
Total Skin 5.00
Wellhead Liquid Density 52.761 (lb/ft3)
Wellhead Gas Density0.87847 (lb/ft3)
Wellhead Liquid Viscosity 2.3440 (centipoise)
Wellhead Gas Viscosity0.012674 (centipoise)
Wellhead Superficial Liquid Velocity 14.432 (ft/sec)
Wellhead Superficial Gas Velocity 56.913 (ft/sec)
Wellhead Z Factor0.96557
Wellhead Interfacial Tension14.9531 (dyne/cm)
Wellhead Pressure 250.00 (psig)
Wellhead Temperature 172.16 (deg F)
First Node Liquid Density 52.761 (lb/ft3)
First Node Gas Density0.87847 (lb/ft3)
First Node Liquid Viscosity 2.3440 (centipoise)
First Node Gas Viscosity0.012674 (centipoise)
First Node Superficial Liquid Velocity 14.432 (ft/sec)
First Node Superficial Gas Velocity 56.913 (ft/sec)
First Node Z Factor0.96557
First Node Interfacial T ension14.9531 (dyne/cm)
First Node Pressure 250.00 (psig)
First Node Temperature 172.16 (deg F)
E
E
E
14
15. Results: Well Length Optimization Reuslts
0 10000 20000 30000 40000
0
1500
3000
4500
6000
Inf low (IPR) v Outf low (VLP) Plot (HW 05/14/2016 - 12:04:10)
Liquid Rate (STB/day)
Pressure(psig)
PVT Method Black Oil
Fluid Oil
Top Node Pressure250.00 (psig)
Water Cut 0 (percent)
Inflow Type Single Branch
Completion Cased Hole
Variables
1:Well Length (feet)
1 2 3
0=500.0
1=1000.0
2=1500.0
3=2000.0
4=2500.0
5=3000.0
0
0
E
E
E
1
1
E
E
E
2
2
E
E
E
3
3
E
E
E
4
4
E
E
E
5
5
E
E
E
15
22. • Horizontal wells are better than vertical.
• To optimize production in horizontal wells, many factors can
be considered.
• The production can be optimized by increasing of length of
horizontal section.
• The PROSPER can be helpful to achieve the results, it may be
used to choose the best result.
22
23. 1. Petroleum Production Engineering, A Computer-Assisted Approach by
Boyun Guo, PH.D. , William C. Lyons, PH.D. and Ali Ghalambor, PH.D.
2. Production Optimization Using Nodal Analysis by H. Dale Beggs, 1991
Oklahoma.
3. Development and Applications of Production Optimization Techniques by
PENGJU WANG, 2003 Stanford.
4. Pressure drop evaluation along pipelines
https://www.scribd.com/doc/284696108/Theory
5. Fluid-Flow Theory, Energy Losses in Flow
http://www.nzifst.org.nz/unitoperations/flfltheory5.htm#frictioninpipes
6. Pressure Loss Form Fittings – Expansion and Reduction in Pipe Size
https://neutrium.net/fluid_flow/pressure-loss-from-fittings-expansion-
and-reduction-in-pipe-size/
23
24. 7. Flow in Pipes
http://www.uomisan.edu.iq/eng/ar/admin/pdf/26059867395.pdf
8. Bends, Flow and Pressure Drop in by Jayanti, Sreenivas
http://www.thermopedia.com/content/577/
9. Its application to well producing system was first proposed by Gilbert
(1954)
10. PROSPER, Petroleum Experts, User Manual, Version 11.5, January 2010
24
