History of space_travel
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•559 views
The Space Age began on October 4, 1957 when the USSR launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. The first animal in space was a dog named Laika launched by the USSR on November 3, 1957. Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space when he completed an orbit of Earth on April 12, 1961, aboard Vostok 1. Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space, launching on June 16, 1963, and orbiting Earth aboard Voskhod 2. Alexei Leonov conducted the first spacewalk on March 18, 1965, spending 24 minutes outside the Voskhod 2 spacecraft while attached to a safety line.
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (17)
Similar to History of space_travel
Similar to History of space_travel (20)
More from Kati W
More from Kati W (20)
History of space_travel
- 2. China!
- 3. When was the first space craft launched? The Space Age began on 4th October 1957 when the USSR launched Sputnik 1, the world’s first artificial satellite.
- 6. What was the first animal in space? The first animal in space was a dog called Laika. It was launched on 3rd November 1957 in the USSR’s Sputnik 2.
- 7. First American Animals in Space
- 8. Who was the first man in space? The first space flight by a person was on 12th April 1961. Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet cosmonaut, orbited the Earth once in the Vostok 1 spacecraft.
- 13. First American in Space • Alan Shepard
- 15. Who was the first woman in space? The first woman in space was Valentina Tereshkova. On 16th June 1963 she became the fifth Russian cosmonaut to orbit the Earth.
- 16. Who made the first spacewalk? The cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was the first person to walk in space. On 18th March 1965 he left his Voshkod 2 spacecraft and stayed outside for 24 minutes. A safety line made sure he didn’t float away.
- 20. Who first landed on the moon? On 12th September 1959 a Soviet spacecraft, Luna 2, set off to the moon. It was the first spacecraft to reach the surface of the moon.
- 25. STS!
Editor's Notes
- It all started when the Chinese invited firecrackers. Firecrackers were the first rockets. In 1232 AD the Chinese used rockets against the Mongols who were besieging the city of Kai-fung-fu. An arrow with a tube of gunpowder produced an arrow of flying fire. (Reproduced from a painting by Charles Hubbell and presented here courtesy of TRW Inc.and Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland, Ohio)
- In October of 1957, this little steel ball was launched from Russia. Sputnik orbited (went around) the Earth, making a beep beep sound. The United States was shocked, scared, and alarmed. If the Russians could do this, they could be spying on us, and maybe even one day put a man in outer space. We were concerned.
- Click on the link at the top of the slide. After that, click on “Launch of Sputnik” from the top horizontal menu bar, and then you will hear the sputnik beep. Click on the little TV in the lower left hand corner for a short video about sputnik and then our first satellite to go up The Explorer. Then it rolls to another short video about Sputnik. Sputnik was the size of a beachball and weighed 189 pounds. YET we were alarmed. The Soviet Union was beating us in the space race.
- President John F. Kennedy made a stand. He said we would put a man on the moon- yes, a MAN ON THE MOON, within 8 years – at the end of the decade – the decade of the 1960’s. Click on Kennedy to listen to part of his speech focusing on the moon.
- The Russians had the first artificial satellite in space. They also had the first animal. This is Laika. Unfortunately, Laika never returned to earth. His capsule burned up on re-entry.
- Why do we send animals first into space? The U.S. send Miss Baker (a Peruvian squirrel monkey) and Abel, a rhesus monkey into space. Click on Miss Baker’s pic for a video clip.
- The first man in space, however, was a Russian – Yuri Gargarin. Click on his photo to see launch footage.
- This is the Soyuz capsule he launched in (this rested atop the rockets). TO LAND A COSMONAUT ON THE MOON Korolëv also began designing spacecraft for a lunar landing mission, and hardware was built under Mishin's direction. The manned lunar landing program (called L-3) included an orbiter and lander. The prototype lunar lander was successfully tested in Earth orbit, without a crew, three times in 1970 and 1971 under the name Kosmos. The Soviet lunar lander was half as large and one-third the weight of the U.S. Apollo lunar module. It was intended to carry one cosmonaut to the surface of the Moon while the other stayed in lunar orbit. The program was canceled without a manned flight after repeated test failures of the launch vehicle. Courtesy of RSC Energia http://www.nasm.edu/galleries/gal114/SpaceRace/sec300/sec360.htm
- The Soyuz (then, and until this day) lands on land. You can see where the heat of re-entering the atmosphere has burned the capsule.
- Unfortunately, later in life, Yuri Gargarin, first man in space, died in an airplane crash.
- The United States choose the Mercury Seven to be the outstanding class of our first astronauts. Do you know who the first man to go into space was?
- It was Alan Shephard. Easy way to remember A for Alan / A for American S for Shepard / S for Space. Click on Alan in his space suit to see the actual footage of his flight. He did not orbit the earth. He went up and back down. You can see the full flight on this clip if you wanted to). This is Alan narrated this video himself.
- John Glenn was the first United States man to actually orbit the earth.
- Well, the Russians get another first – first woman in Space – Valentina Tareshkova. She was selected because she was a expert parachutist, and this was one of requirements for women cosmonauts. Astronauts in Russia are called cosmonauts.
- The Russians went on to have other famous firsts in Space – the first one to get out of the capsule and “walk” in space. How much nerve to you think it took to do THAT?
- Not long afterwards, Ed White of the U.S. performed the first U.S. Space Walk. (Click on the photo to here Ed White narrate the event years later). NASA Photo ID: S65-30427 File Name: 10074017.jpg Film Type: 4x5 Date Taken: 06/09/65 Title: Astronaut Edward White during first EVA performed during Gemini 4 flight Description: Astronaut Edward H. White II, pilot for the Gemini-Titan 4 space flight, floats in zero gravity of space. The extravehicular activity was performed during the third revolution of the Gemini 4 spacecraft. White is attached to the spacecraft by a 25-ft. umbilical line and a 23-ft. tether line, both wrapped in gold tape to form one cord. In his right hand White carries a Hand-Held Self-Maneuvering Unit (HHSMU). The visor of his helmet is gold plated to protect him from the unfiltered rays of the sun. Subject terms: ASTRONAUTS EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY GEMINI 4 FLIGHT GEMINI PROJECT GEMINI SPACECRAFT TETHERLINES ZERO GRAVITY
- Eventually, tensions between Russia and the U.S. decreased and they decided to meet in space. On the left is the American capsule. On the right is the Russian Soyuz capsule. They are joined together. There is a passage to get from one to the other. They docked IN SPACE. http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/images/pao/ASTP/10076438.htm JSC Digital Image Collection Press Release Images NASA Photo ID: S75-28511 File Name: 10076438.jpg Film Type: 4x5 Date Taken: 06/12/75 Title: Artist concept of American Apollo spacecraft docked with Soviet spacecraft Description: An artist's concept depicting an American Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft in Earth orbit during the Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) mission. The Apollo Command/Service Module is on the left, the Docking Module is in the center, and the Soyuz spacecraft is on the right. The docking system on the Docking Module and the docking system on the Soyuz Orbital Module are designed to interface with each other. This artwork is by Paul Fjeld. Subject terms: APOLLO SOYUZ TEST PROJECT APOLLO SPACECRAFT EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE) GRAPHIC ARTS ORBITS SOYUZ SPACECRAFT SPACECRAFT DOCKING VISUAL AIDS
- Here is the photo of the two countries meeting in space. BUT, which country do you think was first to the moon? JSC Digital Image Collection Press Release Images NASA Photo ID: AST-03-191 File Name: 10076534.jpg Film Type: 35mm Date Taken: 07/17/75 Title: Cosmonaut Lenov and Astronaut Stafford during ASTP visit Description: Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford and Cosmonaut Aleksey A. Leonov are seen at the hatchway leading from the Apollo Docking Module (DM) to the Soyuz Orbital Module (OM) during the joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. Apollo-Soyuz Test Project docking in Earth orbit mission. Leonov is in the OM and Stafford is in the DM. Leonov holds a camera. Subject terms: APOLLO SOYUZ TEST PROJECT ASTRONAUTS COSMONAUTS HATCHES ONBOARD ACTIVITIES PUBLIC RELATIONS SOYUZ SPACECRAFT SPACECRAFT CABINS
- It was NOT the U.S. While the U.S. was the first to land a man on the moon, The Soviet Union was the first to have a spacecraft land of the moon but it was unmanned. Notice how much it looks like Sputnik.
- This is the U.S. Apollo Five Rocket. It had five rockets. The capsule where the astronauts sit it at the top. It had to be powerful rockets, because it was sending man 250,000 to the moon. Click on the photo to see the lift off and then the landing to the moon surface itself, some action on the moon, and return to earth. Notice that the Americans land in the soft sea (vs. the land with the Soyuz.)
- This is a famous view of earth from the surface of the moon.
- The flag remains on the Moon today. AS15-88-11866 Apollo 15 Lunar Module Pilot James Irwin salutes the U.S. flag as15-88-11866
- Here they are mining lunar samples. We will be seeing some of them here at school in May. NASA Photo ID: AS16-116-18653 File Name: 10075857.jpg Film Type: 70mm Date Taken: 02/23/72 Title: Astronaut Charles Duke stands at rock adjacent to "House Rock" Description: Astronaut Charles M. Duke Jr., Apollo 16 lunar module pilot, stands at a rock adjacent (south) to the huge "House Rock" (barely out of view at right edge). Note shadow at extreme right center where the two moon-exploring crewmen of the mission sampled what they referred to as the "eastwest split of House Rock" or the open space between this rock and "House Rock". Duke has a sample bag in his hand, and a lunar surface rake leans against the large boulder. Subject terms:
- Approximately ten years after the missions to the Moon ended, the Shuttle program began. The shuttle launches by rocket power. Space Shuttle Discovery, atop the mobile launcher platform and crawler transporter, nears the top of Launch Pad 39B after a 4.2-mile crawl from the Vehicle Assembly Building. At left are the Rotating Service Structure and the Fixed Service Structure, which will enable final preparations of the orbiter, external tank and solid rocket boosters for the STS-103 launch targeted for Dec. 6, 1999, at 2:37 a.m. EST. The mission is a "call-up" due to the need to replace and repair portions of the Hubble Space Telescope. Although Hubble is operating normally and conducting its scientific observations, only three of its six gyroscopes are working properly. Four EVA's are planned to make the necessary repairs and replacements on the telescope. The STS-103 crew members are Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr., Pilot Scott J. Kelly, Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.), and Claude Nicollier of Switzerland and Jean-Frangois Clervoy of France, both with the European Space Agency. (Photo Release Date: 11/13/1999 )
- It returns to earth as a glider. NASA Photo ID: STS031(S)131 File Name: 10063621.jpg Film Type: 35mm Date Taken: 04/29/90 Title: STS-31 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, glides toward EAFB landing Description: STS-31 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, approaches Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB), California landing facility. This view was captured moments before the landing gear was deployed and shows OV-103's port side and its underside of carefully placed heat shield tiles. OV-103 came to a complete wheel stop at 6:51:00 am (Pacific Daylight Time (PDT)) on concrete runway 22. Subject terms: AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY APPROACH DISCOVERY (ORBITER) SPACECRAFT LANDING STS-31 THERMAL PROTECTION TILES
- One of the missions of the shuttle was to bring parts up to build the International Space Station, which was assembled in orbit.
- This Space Station is now assembled and orbiting the earth at 17,500 mph. It orbits earth every 90 minutes. It is at an altitude of 250 miles and can be seen from earth. If you click on this picture, there is a 25 video of live aboard the space station…. Just show it up until the “how they go to the bathroom” part … Hair stands up and floating happens because they is almost no gravity on the space station.
- Next Monday of Spring Break – 8:36 p.m. Look low in the SW sky it will arc above you, and exit on the NE horizon, taking about six minutes to make the journey.