History of road

2. HISTORY OF ROAD DEVELOPMENT OF NEPAL
INTRODUCTION
The history of road development in Nepal is not very
long.
The first motorable road was constructed in the
Kathmandu valley in 1924.
In the 1950s.the road length of the country was only
376 km .
Currently 18,828 km including District and Urban
Roads.

3. HISTORY OF ROAD DEVELOPMENT OF NEPAL
The Government of Nepal (GON) has been
giving high priority to the development of roads
since the beginning of planned development
programmes in 1956.
Linking of Kathmandu with the southern
border was taken up in 1953 with Indian
assistance and was opened for traffic in 1956.
The Government of China constructed the
Kathmandu–Kodari (Northern Border) road
in 1966.

4. HISTORY OF ROAD DEVELOPMENT OF NEPAL
The same time, the Government of Nepal initiated to
construct the east–west highway (1,028Km) with the
support of bilateral and multilateral agencies.
The national highways together with the feeder roads
constitute the Strategic Road Network (SRN) of the
country.
The district roads together with village roads
constitute the District Road Network.

5. HISTORY OF ROAD DEVELOPMENT OF NEPAL
At present, the SRN consists of 15 national highways
and 51 feeder roads totaling 7,917 km.
The government plans to extend SRN to 9,900 km by
2016 .
The principal agencies involved in planning stages of a
project are the, Ministry of Physical Planning and
Works (DoR), DoLIDAR,Ministry of Finance, and
National Planning Commission.

6. Agencies involved in road
development
 1. Department of Roads
 2. DoLIDAR
 3 . MUNICIPALITIES

7. Historical Background of Roads in Nepal -
DOR
History of road in Nepal can be divided into three
periods:
1. During Rana Regime or before Democracy of 2007 B.S.
2.Between 2007 B.S. to 2027 B.S.
3.After 2027 B.S. (formulation and continuation of road
development strategy)

8.  During Rana regime before Democracy of 2007
B.S., Construction and Maintenance of Roads
in Kathmandu were carried out.
 Towards the end of the Rana Regime, a new
office named Naya Batokaj Adda was created
constructing new roads and it had began
survey for connecting Kathmandu to Hetauda
in 2007 B.S.
 single lane macadam Bhimphedi-Amlekhgunj
stone/ brick paved all weather road, Butawal-
Bhairahawa road were constructed.
 There was no blacktop road in the country.

9.  After Democracy in 2007 B.S. Public Works
Department.
 India built, by their army engineers, the Tribhuvan
Rajpath connecting Kathmandu to Bhainse thus
opening Kathmandu to outside by a motorable road in
2013 B.S.
 Royal Nepal Army made Kanti Rajpath but it had to be
abandoned due to lack of resources.
 In 2012 B.S. the 77km. Hetauda-Narayangadh an all
weather two lane gravel road was taken up and
completed in 2015 B.S.
 an organization called the road transport
Organization (RTO) was created with three chief
engineers(Nepal, India and US) to plan and built a number
of north-south roads

10.  The project did not work satisfactorily and was
wound up in 2018 B.S.
 In 2020 B.S. King Mahendra constituted an
East-West Highway committee under his own
chairmanship and started at Gaidakot on the 1st
Baishakh 2019 B.S.
 An earth track along the length of the country
was built from 2018 to 2026 B.S.
 the Kodari highway, which connected
Kathmandu to China in the north had been
undertaken.
 through a unified department in 2022 B.S. The
first long term road development plan was
formulated with the involvement of Several
Advisors in 2024 B.S.

12.  From 2027 B.S. to 2032 B. S. Road Development Strategy
used for Development of National Highways and Feeder
Roads
 From 2032 B.S. to 2038 B.S the Strategic Road Network
was developed.
 Feeder Road Project was carried out from 2038 B.S. to
2044 B.S.
 projects under RFRP funded by IDA were carried out
from 2044 B.S. to 2048 B.S.
 construction and maintenance of SRN were done from
2048 B. S. to 2049 B. S.
 Implementation of AHMP in 2050 B. S.
 Initiation of Priority Investment Plan – I,
Implementation of Projects under RMDP funded by IDA
were taken up from 2051 B.S.to 2053 B.S.
 Initiation of Transport policy, Initiation of Bardibas-
Sindhuli Road Project taken up from 2054 B.S. to
2056B.S.

13.  20 years Master Plan of DOR was made from 2056 B.S.
to 2058 B.S.
 Road Board was established on 2061 B.S.
 Finalization of Priority Investment plan-II,
Finalization of Sub regional Transport facilitation
Project were carried out from 2061 B.S. to 2064 B.S.
 Initiation of Terai Road Project (Indian Grant),
Feasibility Study of North-South Fast Track,
 Widening of Koteshwor-Bhaktapur Sector (6 lane) of
Ariniko Highway 9.1 Km (JICA), from 2064 B.S. to
2066 B.S.

14. Kathmadu-Bhaktapur Road Project
14

15. Transit Route Via Nepal
15

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16

17.  The Mid-Hill highway was started from 2064
B.S.
 implementation of North-South Corridor
Road Project, were carried out from 2066 B.S.
 Initiation of extension of inner Ring Road (8
lane) China aid is carried out and just
preliminary survey is completed by Chinese
technical team till date.
 Out of 75 District Headquarters 4 district
headquarters (Chame- Manang, Dunai -Dolpa,
Simikot- Humla, Gamgadhi- Mugu) are
remaining to connected by road network till
date.

20. DoLIDAR
 ESTD:2055 Bhadra 08
 OBJECTIVE: Construction of local level road
DoLIDAR
RAIDP DRILP RRRSDP

21. RAIDP
 Financial assistance of the World Bank Grant
No H-171-NEP
 RAIDP was developed on the basis of two years pilot
project (February 2005 to 2007)
 Construct 585 km rural roads
 The project was extended from July, 2010 to December
,2013

22.  Operating in 30 districts
 Proposed road length is 611.261km
(Otta-seal-161.339km ,gravel-408.118km,
earthen- 41.804km)

23. DRILP
Phase-I
 Started-2008
 Constructed 500km roads in Hilly and Himalayan
region of 18 districts
Phase-II
 Proposed 450km

24. RRRSDP
 Constructed 900km roads in Hilly and Tarai region of
20 districts
 Plan to construct 300 km by next year

25. Urban Roads

26. Category of Roads
Highways
Feeder roads
Urban roads
District roads
Village roads

27. Overview
 The National Road Network comprises 18,828 km roads
 4977 km Strategic roads-National highways and District
Roads
 1984 km Urban roads
 8347 km District roads.

30. Urban Roads
 Include Roads within the Urban Limits
 Provide access to
Abbuting residentials
Business areas
Industrial areas

31. Trip Purpose
Work trip
Shopping trip
Social & recreational trip
Business trip
School trips

33. Urban trip characteristics
• Temporal distribution of trip making
• Spatial distribution of trip
• Modal distribution of trip making

34. Urban Road status
 2004, DOR, there are 2259.9 km of urban road
network in the country.
 In 1992, there were only 325 km of motor -able road in
the Kathmandu valley
 Of the total 150 km were considered to be in poor
condition.
 27 km Ring Road –connecting the inner part

35. Present Status – From Kalanki
S.N Road Section
Length Black Top Width (m)
Remarks(Km) Previous Now
1
Soalteemod –
Kalanki 1.25 7 16 Completed
2
Kalanki –
Sitapaila 0.62 10 25.75 90% Completed
3
Kalanki –
Balkhu 0.42 10 25.75 85% Completed
4
Kalanki –
Nagdhunga 0.4 6.5 22
0+000 to 0+400 m from
Kalanki Chowk.
(Total length
9.11 km) 0.54 7 16 70% Completed

36. Plan Of Kalanki Intersection

37. Liabilities
 Ministry of Local Development
 Municipalities
 Respective District Development Committees
Making use of
local resources
Foreign Aids

38. Existing Road Pattern in Kathmandu

39. Future Plans for Ring Road
 Proposed 72 km long Outer Ring Road
[ORR]
 Extension of inner ring road China Aid
 Comprises of 50 m wide road
 development of 250 m of land on either side
through land pooling technique
 To sustain the population growth for 15-20
years through planned urban development.

40. Proposed ORR with Radial Roads

41. Proposed ORR