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History of Nursing.pptx
1.
2. Course: Fundamental of Nursing I
Lecture: History of Nursing
Lecturer: Mawlid Qule Jama
30/09/2023
3. Objectives of history of Nursing
Discuss the historical development of professional nursing
Discuss the development of nursing in the world, in Islam and
Christianity
Discuss development of nursing in Somaliland
Appreciate or aware of the importance of nursing evolution stages
Evolution- is a process of gradual change often many years
4. Nursing is an essential, evolving part of society that has always
been directed serving health care needs.
Nursing was distinguished in its early history as a form of
community services and was originally related to a strong
instinct to preserve or protect the family.
Nursing began as the desire to keep people healthy as well as to
provide comfort, care and assurance to the sick.
5. Although the general goals of nursing have remained relatively
the same over the centuries, the practice of nursing has been
influenced by characteristics of society that have changed with
time, and thus nursing has gradually evolved or changed) into a
modern profession.
6. In ancient culture, religious believes and myths were the basis
for health care and medical practice.
Religious leaders assumed the role of the doctors.
Nursing started by sick people taken care of by their relatives.
Nursing stated with the spread of diseases and need for people
to care for mass numbers.
7. Nurses usually depended on physicians for directions.
The nurses tended to the hygiene of the client.
The role of midwives was there through history to assist women
during childbirth.
Historically both men and women held the role of nurses.
8. Refaidah Benti Saed is recognized as the first nurse in Islam .
Refaidah is khazraj tribe.
She was living in and was born in Yathrub before
migiration of May peace be upon him.
She was among the first people in madina to accept Islam and
was one of who welcomed the prophet Mohamed
on arrival in Madina.
9. Refaidahs father was a physicain and she learned from medical care by
working as his assistant.
She was a good nurse and trained other muslim girls and their names are
(umm Amara ,Amina umm Ayman,safiya , and Nusaibat Bint ka,ab )
She was capable leader and organizer.
Other Muslim women who were famous as nurse Umm Atiyyah al Ansariya and Nusaibat
Bint Kaab
10. In Islamic history the role of nursing started with wars which
our Prophet Mohammed May peace be upon him started to
spread Islam all over the world.
Muslim women were always there to take care of injured
soldiers, give water to them and support them.
11. To give water to the thirsty.
To feed the hungry.
To cloth naked.
To visit the imprisoned.
To shelter the homeless.
To care for the sick.
To bury the dead.
12. In Western world Florence Nightingale was famous for her tireless work in
nursing.
She was born in May 12th 1820 and died on 1910.
Her work in nursing started with the Crimean war 1854, she
arranged the ladies to take care of the injured soldiers.
She used to walk 6 kilometers pass the soldiers beds at night
carrying her lamb that is why she was called the lady with lamb.
13. The knowledge of nursing has developed and grown, the over all good
of this knowledge has been to explain the practice of nursing as
different from the practice medicine, psychology and social worker.
Nightingale spoke with firm convection about the nature of nursing as
a profession.
which is different from medicine; she wanted to prove a way for young
women to make a meaningful contribution to society a trait that
gained importance as nursing developed.
14.
15. The British in Aden colony started training of Somali, health
workers in early 30th.
The first trainee being Adam Ismail (Adam Dhaktar) and Shire
Giriig and later was Jadami.
Training in Somaliland started after the 2nd world war in
Sheikh in 1943 – 1945,
Adan Dhaktar being the principle.
16. The training was known as “Dresser” training and was for men
only.
With successive training they rose to higher levels and were
grade
Grade 3, as the lowest, grade 2, and grade 1 as the highest After
further training they became “Medical Assistant” and finally
“Compounder” meaning they will be in- charge of the whole
hospital, and perform all responsibilities of the doctor.
18. Cont…………………..
Their training was as dresser and midwives.
in 1961, the first probationer groups were accepted in Burao
girls school.
The first students being, Amina Sh. Mohammed, Asia Makhtal,
Roon Hussein, and Xalimo Ahemd Yey.
19. Cont…………………..
In 1963 the above mentioned students were sent to England for
training and returned in 1968.
The Hargeisa Nursing School was built in 1964 and extended in 1967.
WHO and UNICEF provided the funds for the school, such as
equipment and trainers.
22. Cont…………………..
Mogadishu nursing school for general nursing and later became
post basic for midwives tutors.
Kismayo was planned but never opened.
Last batch of trainees in Hargeisa were in 1986, after which the
school became destroyed. Mogadishu also closed in 1990.
23. Cont…………………..
In 1953, Edna Adam was a pupil teacher at Burao girl’s school.
She obtained her scholarship from the British.
She was too young to be sent alone, and they needed another
companion to go with her.
24. Cont…………………..
In 1954, they had a second female; Jessica Joseph from Aden
was found.
Edna Adan finished her pre-nursing courses in 1954 – 1956
England.
In 1960 – 1961 she obtained her nursing certificate from West
London hospital. at the same time she took her midwifery
diploma in part1 and part II.
25. Cont…………………..
She returned to Somaliland in August 1961, at the Hargeisa group
hospital, and became in-charge of the female section.
In 1962 Jessica returned to Hargeisa as a nurse, and had part I only.
In 1963 four female dressers were also sent to the United Kingdom to
do their general nursing diploma.
26. Edna Adan Nursing school was opened in July 2000 offering 3 years
general nursing diploma.
Hargeisa Nursing School was opened in 2003.
Burao Nursing School was opened in 2005.
Amoud nursing degree was opened in 2006. and Lassanod Nursing
school was opened in 2009
27. Conceptual and theoretical nursing models provide knowledge to
improve practice, guide research and nursing curricula, and identify
the domain (field) and goals of nursing practice.
Theory provides the nurse with goals for assessment, diagnosis and
intervention; common ground for communication; and professional
autonomy (independent) & accountability
28. Formulate (express) legislation governing nursing practice
education.
Formulate regulations interpreting nurses practice acts so
nurses and others understand the law.
29. Cont………………..
Develop curriculum plans for nursing education.
Establish criteria for measuring the quality of nursing care education
and research.
Prepare job description used by employers of nurses.
Guide the development of nursing care delivery system.
knowledge to improve nursing administration practice and research
.Guide research to establish an empirical knowledge base for nursing.
