The document discusses the history and evolution of film editing from its origins with the Lumiere Brothers' Cinematographe in 1895. It covers key developments like Edwin Porter using unrelated footage to tell new stories in 1901. D.W. Griffith introduced continuity editing and close-ups in 1908. Techniques developed through directors like Eisenstein, Griffith's 1915 film The Birth of a Nation, and the introduction of sound. Editing has allowed films to manipulate time and space to keep audiences engaged through techniques such as cuts, transitions, camera angles, and narrative structure.

1. Katie Rothery

2. In 1895 the Lumiere Brothers invented Cinematographe.
Cinematographe was a three in one device that recorded, captured
and projected motion picture.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nj0vEO4Q6s

3. Although the Lumiere Brothers had a great invention, Edwin S. Porter
came along and showed that film didn’t have to be one long still in
1901. Edwin S. Porter also used footage to tell a different story
unrelated to what the footage originally was meant to portray.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4C0gJ7BnLc

4. In 1908 D.W Griffiths film “'For Love of Gold” featured the first ever
continuity cut when a scene cut...
Griffiths then realised that emotions could also be portrayed through
different camera angles and pace of editing and it wasn’t all down to
the actors.
Griffiths was given credit for the narrative of a film, the production of
the first American feature film and the discovery of the close up.
This is his first directed one reel film...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYQCTEYjYDA

5. The Birth of a Nation is based on the Novel “The Clansman” -1915
The film included camera techniques such as panoramic long
shots, iris effect, still shots, cross cutting and panning shots. There
techniques are widely used today to create films.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FDiQWsENgnk&feature=watch-
now-button&wide=1
The use of sound allowed the film to be more interested and to make
the audience feel more involved.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k57rt58vUYw

6. Discovery of the Kuleshov Effect was Soviet director and film theorist
Lev Kuleshov. The Kuleshov effect was a montage effect on a film
which Lev Kuleshov believed the audience would respond to more.
Eisenstein and Dziga Vertov demonstrated the potentials of montage.
Eisenstein’s 1925 Battleship Potemkin-Montage
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jebW5-G2HTs
Eisenstein said that film montage could create ideas different from a
average film.

7. Analogue Editing- Analogue editing was used before editing on a
computer. The film negative when completed was cut down and
pasted into an order. It then went through a machine such as
Moviola or K.E.M
Digital Editing- Editing with a computer is much faster and more
efficient for film. Many different programs can be used such as Final
Cut Pro, Adobe Premier and iMovie. Footage is put onto the timeline
and is then cut and pasted into an order and then the effects are
added.

8. Editing has allowed films now a days to grow and become more
interesting for audiences through aspects such as camera
angles, narrative, actors and many more.
As we can see D.W Griffiths film “House of Darkness”
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_5YSdqCKaE) did use some
aspects of editing and fades but compared to the 21st Century films
have changed a lot due to the type of software that we have and the
type of technology and the knowledge.
Although films nowadays such as Batman use lots of special
effects, camera angles and many more to create a film that the
audience want.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8evyE9TuYk

9. The purpose of editing allows firstly the film to flow so the audience
are interested by what they’re seeing on the screen. It also allows
there to be a narrative of time with the use of camera angles, pace
and narrative structure.
When editing was being tried and tested in the early 1900’s the film
producers and directors realised they need to create their films in a
different way to get people to enjoy them.
Manipulate Space and Time
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XjPb3ziyYYo

10. Techniques of editing include transitions such as cuts, jump cuts,
fades and washout. All these have an important role within editing
as the cuts etc allow the film to move at a quick pace in order for the
film to stay interesting to the audience.
Cut: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCbDUREBwUg
Motivated Cut:
JumpCut:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrdCC9ZHhwY&feature=
player_embedded#!

11. Editing Rhythm is techniques such as cross cutting and cross cutting to
music.
In D.W Griffiths film “The Birth of a Nation” cross cutting is used to
show two types of action happening at one time
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k57rt58vUYw

12. Such as inserts, cutaways, point of view and reverse shot.
See this point of view shot that appears in 1947 film “Lady in the Lake”
POV Shot:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zzdl-js_mQ4
Reverse Shot:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLkUHZ1qips
Inserts:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwQcypL2Wz4

13. http://www.yout
ube.com/watch?v
=wq40uhYowBI

14.  Editing to withhold or provides information allows the audience to
be more involved in the film. It makes the audience want to watch to
either piece together the information that has been provided or find
out the information that is being withheld to get the bigger picture
of the story.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qj0JDnQIZf0&feature=player_em
bedded

15.  Following the action-
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OqSg7WO4tT4
 Slow Motion
shothttp://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=
KNrSNcaYiZg#t=69s
 Flashback-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=435mkg6_eGQ
 Wild track- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PZ2QFmJ7h0A
 Establishing Shot-
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sqj7pNAHnWg