The document traces the history and development of computer technology from early pioneers like Charles Babbage and John Atanasoff to modern computers. It discusses the evolution from first generation vacuum tube computers that occupied large rooms to smaller transistor-based second generation computers to integrated circuit and microchip-based third, fourth, and fifth generation computers. It also describes the basic components and parts of computer systems as well as units of computer memory.

1. The Development of the
Computer Technology

2. Pioneers – Fathers of Computing
Charles Babbage
1791-1871
John Atanasoff
1903-1995
Konrad Zuse
1910 - 1995

3. Difference Machine
Charles Babbage

4. Z 1 Machine
Konrad Zuse

5. ABC Computer
Jone Atanasoff

6. Alan Turing
1912-1964

7. Pioneers
John Mauchly
1907-1980
Presper Eckert
1919- 1995

8. First Generation (1945)

9. First Generation (1945)
used vacuum tubes
weighed 30 tons
used 18,000 vacuum tubes
occupied a 3,000 cubic feet
had only 12K memory

10. Vacuum Tubes

11. Second Generation
(late1950s)
 used transistors
 became
–smaller
–faster
–reliable
–less expensive

12. Second Generation
(late1950s)

13. Third Generation (late
1960s)
 used integrated circuit
 resulted in a lower cost

14. Third Generation (late
1960s)

15.  used large scale integration (LSI)
LSI placed several thousand
transistors onto a single chip. It
was followed by the development
of very large-scale integration
(VLSI).
Fourth Generation
(early 1970s-mid 1970s)

16. Fourth Generation
(early 1970s-mid 1970s)

17. Fifth Generation of the
Computer
 Mega chip memory
 Parallel processing (vs. serial
processing)
 Natural language processing
 Artificial intelligence

18. Fifth Generation of the
Computer

19. Computer System
 CPU
 Input devices
 Output devices
 Storage devices

20. Storage Device
 Disks
 Hard drives
 CDs
 RAM
 ROM

21. Computer Memory
 Byte = One storage position
 Kilobyte = One thousand storage position
 Megabyte = One million storage position
 Gigabyte = One billion storage position
 Terabyte = One trillion storage position

22. Computer Memory
1 byte = 8 bits
Short for binary digit, the smallest unit of
information on a machine. A single bit can hold
only one of two values: 0 or 1. More meaningful
information is obtained by combining consecutive
bits into larger units. For example, a byte is
composed of 8 consecutive bits.

23. Computer Memory
7 = 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
6 = 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
5 = 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

24. Computer Memory
A= 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
B = 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
C= 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

25. Computer Memory
1 MB = 285 pages (text)
5 MB = The complete works of Shakespeare
or 30 seconds of TV quality video
1 GB = A pick up truck filled with paper
2 GB = 20 meters of shelved books
20 GB= A good collection of the works of
Beethoven