1. ASSIGNMENT ON
TOPIC:- HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CO- OPERATIVE
COURSE NAME:- AGRICULTURE FINANCE &
PROJECT MANAGMENT
COURSE NO. :- AG ECON 509
SUBMITTED TO, SUBMITTTED BY
Dr. A.k.Gauraha Jayant Nishad
Proffesor,Deppt. Of Agri. M.Sc. Previous year
Economics Deppt. Of Agri.
Eco.
2. Introduction & Definition :-
According to Calvert “
Co-operative is a form of organisation,wherein persons voluntarily
associate together as humane beings on the basis of equality for the
promotion of common economic interest of themselves.”
‘Coperation’ is originated in Europe. Britain is the homeland of
cooperative store movement.
Primary objective of cooperative marketing is to reduce
marketing margin and to assure the farmer a better price .
3. History Cooperative In India :-
1.)1904 in Co-operative movement in India started .when co-operative credit societies
act was passed. Father of co-operative movement in India was F.NICHOLSON.
Limitation of 1904 act: No any provision for the formation of non-credit societies.
2.)1912 act : Provision for the formation of non-credit societies with the aim to
improved the economic status of its member as well as to meet the daily requirment.
There was Provision for the formation of central co-operative society also(no provision
in 1904 act).
3.)In 1914 the govt. appointed a commitee under Sir Macglan and it observed that
people were had the impression that co-operation were mainly the govt.
agencies.Therefore he recommended :-
(a) for the proper education of the co-operative principles
so that member may participate efficiently.
(b) the formation of co-operative societies.
(c) to form the provincial co-operative society in each state.
(d) for careful scruting of member before granting loans.
cont….
4. 4.)In 1944,Govt. appointed an agriculture finance sub-committee under
Prof.D.R.Gadgil to study the co-operative movement and to give suggestion for
their improvement.
5.)In 1945,Govt. appointed a Co-operative planning committee which
submitted its report in 1946.
6.)In 1951,All India Rural Survey Committee Report was published The
chairman of the committee was A.D.Gorwala. Its recommendation are :-
(a) Organisation of large size co-operative society.
(b) Organisation of Marketing Cooperatives.
(c) Assistance form Govt. in the form of loan and subsidies
to the society.
(d) Adoption of system of controlled credit.
(e) Establishment of SBI as Institution Which may assist the
Cooperative Society through its rural branches.
cont…
5. 7) In 1954 he All India Rural Cooperative Society recommended for the
formation o large size society.
8) In April 1958,3rd Indian cooperative Congress held at New Delhi and
recognised the importance of cooperative sector.
9) In 1959, Indian National Congress at Nagpur session accepted the resolution
of Agrarian Economy and this resolution brought a radical change in the policy
and programme of cooperative movement.
10) In 1939,Multipurpose cooperative society were 1st established in Orissa.
11) The year 1954 is a landmark in the history of rural credit policy in India.
6.
7. 1)Primary Co-operative Credit Society
Strucuture of co-operative Banks-:
Short term-scb,dccs, pacs
The primary co-operative credit society is an association of borrowers
and non-borrowers residing in a particular locality. The funds of the
society are derived from the share capital and deposits of members and
loans from central co-operative banks. The borrowing powers of the
members as well as of the society are fixed. The loans are given to
members
for the purchase of cattle, fodder, fertilizers, pesticides, etc.
8. 2)Central co-operative banks
These are the federations of primary credit societies in a district
and are of two types-those having a membership of primary
societies only and those having a membership of societies as well as
individuals.
The funds of the bank consist of share capital, deposits, loans and
overdrafts
from state co-operative banks and joint stocks. These banks provide
finance to
member societies within the limits of the borrowing capacity of
societies.
They also conduct all the business of a joint stock bank.
3)State co-operative banks
The state co-operative bank is a federation of central co-operative bank
and
acts as a watchdog of the co-operative banking structure in the state.
Its fund
s are obtained from share capital, deposits, loans and overdrafts from
the
Reserve Bank of India. The state co-operative banks lend money to
central co-operative banks and primary societies and not directly to the
farmers.
9. the Land development banks are organized in 3 tiers namely;
state, central and primary level and they meet the long term credit
requirements of the farmers for developmental purposes
10.
11. Cooperative Banking
Structure
Agriculture
Short & Midium term
loans
State Coop. Bank
District Central Coop.
Bank
Primary Coop.
Bank(Village level)
Long term loans
Central land
development
Bank(CLDB)State level
Primary land
development
Bank(PLDB)(Distt. Or
Tahasil level)
Non agriculture
State Coop. Bank
Central Coop. Bank
Primary non Agri.
sector
