This document summarizes Geraldine Ditchburn's article which critiques the development of a national curriculum in Australia. The summary identifies several key points:
1) Ditchburn argues that the Australian curriculum is primarily designed to meet the needs of global markets and the economy, sidelining issues of diversity and local context.
2) The idea of a national curriculum has been validated and legitimized through references to economic interests and global competitiveness in documents like the Melbourne Declaration.
3) While consistency and economies of scale are cited benefits, the national curriculum adopts a "one-size-fits-all" approach that eschews celebration of difference. Equity concerns are secondary to improving Australia's international
21st Century Education: Globalization Pillarcarrionc
A presentation on the aspects of Globalization on modern education. The presentation was only designed as a supporting resource, so does not include many details.
Community is the Answer: What is the Question?TANKO AHMED fwc
The Inclusive Community Education and Development Association (ICEADA) Conference series focus on the maxim of ‘community is the answer’. This general rule pursues community based sustainable development, particularly in developing societies where such efforts continuously fail to bring about results disconnected grassroots. A recent study (Ra-Ha, 2011) commissioned by the Kaduna State Government in Nigeria established that government services were not effective at grassroots due to absence of planned functional administrative structures at community level to absorb whatever was provided.
This Keynote Address draws attention of experts and practitioners to expand the horizon and reflect on ‘what is the question’ for ICEADA’s ‘community is the answer’. It aims at strengthening established foundations, as well as provides an umbrella for the main conference theme, sub-themes and expected major contributions. Existing ‘global-to-local’ efforts including challenges and opportunities in ICEADA’s laudable tasks are also discussed.
-GLOBALIZATION
-ECONOMIC ISSUE ON GLOBALIZATION
-POLITICAL ISSUE ON GLOBALIZATION
-CONFLICT AND CONSENSUS IN THE EDUCATION
IMPACTS OF EDUCATION IN GLOBALIZATION
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21st Century Education: Globalization Pillarcarrionc
A presentation on the aspects of Globalization on modern education. The presentation was only designed as a supporting resource, so does not include many details.
Community is the Answer: What is the Question?TANKO AHMED fwc
The Inclusive Community Education and Development Association (ICEADA) Conference series focus on the maxim of ‘community is the answer’. This general rule pursues community based sustainable development, particularly in developing societies where such efforts continuously fail to bring about results disconnected grassroots. A recent study (Ra-Ha, 2011) commissioned by the Kaduna State Government in Nigeria established that government services were not effective at grassroots due to absence of planned functional administrative structures at community level to absorb whatever was provided.
This Keynote Address draws attention of experts and practitioners to expand the horizon and reflect on ‘what is the question’ for ICEADA’s ‘community is the answer’. It aims at strengthening established foundations, as well as provides an umbrella for the main conference theme, sub-themes and expected major contributions. Existing ‘global-to-local’ efforts including challenges and opportunities in ICEADA’s laudable tasks are also discussed.
-GLOBALIZATION
-ECONOMIC ISSUE ON GLOBALIZATION
-POLITICAL ISSUE ON GLOBALIZATION
-CONFLICT AND CONSENSUS IN THE EDUCATION
IMPACTS OF EDUCATION IN GLOBALIZATION
Get the best and exceptional Spring Break TripsCrish Mart
Inertia Tours offers spring break travel, vacations and class trips packages for 2013. We also deals in South Padre condos, Winter Break college ski trips, all inclusive senior and Spring Break Party Packages.
Sport Surfaces is the leading tennis court construction company providing South Florida tennis court construction services with resurfacing and repair experts. For more details call us @ 877-767-8707 and Mail @ info@sportsurfaces.com#des
Blue Source Furniture is located in Miami South Florida and offers modern and innovative furniture at affordable prices including custom built and European Italian furniture.
The beach hotels in Goa are located strategically to provide every guest an uninterrupted view of the Arabian Sea and the white sand beaches along the coast line.
Higher education institutions have a critical role to play in driving sustainable development forward. But creating a sustainable future is much more than just creating green campuses or implementing recycling efforts or global citizenship initiatives. It also means inclusive education and lifelong learning.
Global Education Patterns
The Concept of Globalization
Globalization started in economics but spread to many parts of our lives, like how we work, live, and share ideas. It's like a big change that has affected the whole world, making things different in the way we do stuff.
Cogburn (2000) posits that globalization encompasses profound structural transformations in the production and distribution processes within the global economy. Globalization, a fundamental concept influencing economic, social, and cultural policies, has sparked debates on its merits and drawbacks.
Globalization doesn't just affect buying and making things, or services that everyone uses, like schools. It also changes the way people live and what they value. Often, it makes local cultures similar to a standardized global culture, which can be a lot for them to handle (Kuehn, 1999).
Factors Leading Globalization
Globalization is shaping the world order, affecting social, political, and economic structures. English, used as a first or second language in nearly 100 countries, has become a universal language in media, computer, and trade. Other leading factors of globalization include:
• Increasing global communication via fiber optics, satellite and computer technology
• Integrated and coordinated product design, production, sale
• Increasing numbers of free trade agreements at international level
• Advancement of regulations and standards for trade, finance, work, product and services in whole world
• Financial markets’ giving services during 24 hours everyday
• Increasing numbers of foreign investments in many countries and increasing effects of foreign control on workers (Deniz, 1999).
Benefits of Globalization
1. Conceptual Shifts
2. Information-Intensive Economy
3. Challenges in Education
4. Interdisciplinary Approach
5. Symbol Manipulation Skills
6. Independent Thinking
7. Scientific and Technical Training
8. Addressing Information Age Challenges
9. Exchange of Ideas
10. Technological Integration
The Aim and the Importance of Global Education
The aims and importance of global education are as follows:
Let those who participate education process gain skills of new cultures
Develop the ability of distinguishing intercultural differences
Assist the people criticizing events from global perspective
Explain how different cultures affect the activities of organizations
Help students realize how attitudes are shaped and how they affect the behaviors
Develop the language and harmony skills of the managers who will work in different cultures
Provide the ability of working together with the people coming from different cultures
Develop the skill of multi-sided thinking by causing them gain the cultural sensitivity and experience
Teach how to behave according to cultural differences
Develop the way of thinking from individuality to globosity (Deniz, 1999).
Concept of Development
The concept of development is multifaceted and can be approached from various perspectives, including economic, social, political, and human development. Different scholars and theorists have contributed to the understanding of development over the years. Here, is a brief overview of the concept.
1. Economic Development
Rostow (1960) proposed a linear model of economic development with distinct stages, from traditional society to the age of high mass consumption.
2.Human Development
A noble laureate in economics Sen (1999) has significantly influenced the concept of development from a human perspective. His capability approach emphasizes the importance of enhancing people's capabilities and freedoms.
3. Social Development
In the field of social development, Erikson (1963) theory of psychosocial development is noteworthy. While primarily focused on individual development, its principles can be extended to understanding social development.
4. Sustainable Development
The concept of sustainable development gained prominence with the Brundtland Report, titled "Our Common Future," published by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED).
5. Political Development
Almond and Sidney Verba (1963) work on political development explores the relationship between political systems and socio-economic development.
The major challenges in higher education include:
Quantity
The numbers of new entrants is now more than the total number of students in higher education prior to independence” (Iqbal, 1981). “The demand of higher education has thus increased by leaps and bonds. In spite of quality control as well as consolidation, it will continue to grow constantly for a long time to come” (Adeeb, 1996).
Equity
The philosophy of social justice is very much akin to the principle of equity. It is a welcome development over the concept of inherent inequality which was sought to be explained by biological differences among individuals (Bayli, 1987).
Quality
Development of society not only depends upon quantity of goods and services produced, but also on their quality. “It again leads to quality of life of the people and the quality of the society in genera (Hayes, 1987). It is rightly said that the philosophical basis of quality is the innate characteristics of a human being to attain a higher standard and the need of excellence for attaining a higher stage in the development (Quddus, 1990).
Student Unrest
Among the challenges of higher education is the vital role of addressing students’ unrest.
Bayli (1987) studied that “The condition of higher education in universities and colleges is not satisfactory in the eyes of students. Lack of physical and educational facilities is bringing much hindrance in the way of development.
Students with arts, humanities, and management backgrounds often engage in political activities, indicating that their social or academic background significantly influences their attitudes towards social,
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
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Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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1. Highlights on Ditchburn’s article
by Ferry Tanoto
Geraldine Ditchburn (2012) A national Australian curriculum: in whose
interests?, Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 32:3, 259-269, DOI:
10.1080/02188791.2012.711243
2. Australian curriculum: Whose
interests are being served?
Gramsci’s cultural hegemony applied by
critical theorists including Apple (1990, 2006),
Giroux (2010),MacLaren and Kincheloe (2007).
3. Australian curriculum is intentionally
positioned to primarily meet the needs of
global markets and the economy.
•
•
•
•
•
Global neo-liberalism
Economic interests under neoliberal conditions
Sidelining the issues of diversity and local context
Disconnected from local realities
A decontextualized edifice (a complex system of beliefs),
depersonalized and homogenized;
• It has eschewed (to abstain or keep away from; shun;
avoid) the celebration of difference and adopted a one-sizefits-all approach
4. The importance of national unity in
times of “crisis” (Giroux, 2010), or
curriculum consistency and
economies of scale that a national
curriculum might provide
5. How have neo-liberal interests been
validated and legitimated through
the idea of a national curriculum?
Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals
for Young Australians (Ministerial Council on
Education, Employment, Training and Youth
Affairs [MCEETYA], 2008)
6. Curriculum provision such as
providing a meaningful curriculum
for diverse student populations or
multiple future life trajectories has
not been the center of the discourse
7. There has been little vehement, or
even subdued, opposition to the
idea of a national curriculum in
Australia. Opposition has taken the
form of criticisms of the detail, not
the idea of a national curriculum.
8. Gramsci’s concept of cultural hegemony has
been described as “the nexus of material and
ideological instruments through which the
ruling class maintains power” (Hawkes, 2003,
p. 114), or a dominant “worldview” that is
“internalized” and “unchallengeable” so that
it becomes part of the “natural order of
things” (Boggs, 1976, p. 39).
9. ACARA has articulated the four stages
of the development of the
implementation of the Australian
curriculum:
• shaping (including a broad outline of the K–12
curriculum and curriculum design and advice),
• writing,
• implementation and
• evaluation and review
10. It declared the two key goals of
schooling in terms of “equity and
excellence” and that students become
“successful learners, confident and
creative individuals and active and
informed citizens” (MCEETYA, 2008)
11. Australia’s capacity to provide a high
quality of life for all will depend on the
ability to compete in the global
economy on knowledge and
innovation . . . [and that] . . . schools
play a vital role . . . in ensuring the
nation’s ongoing economic prosperity.
(MCEETYA, 2008, pp. 7–8)
12. A national curriculum will have “many
benefits” including:
• giving young people the knowledge and skills
they need “to effectively engage with and
prosper in society and compete in a globalized
world and thrive in the information-rich
workplaces of the future”;
• giving parents and teachers a “clear
understanding of what needs to be covered at
each year level” while also allowing for
considerable “flexibility” for teachers; and,
• “overcoming the barrier of curriculum variation”
for mobile students and families(ACARA, n.d.)
13. McGaw (2009) listed two key reasons
for a new curriculum.
• The impact of “globalization” where “international
comparisons are more important than intra-national
comparisons” because “interstate competition has not
yielded great benefits”. Referring to the fact that “a
nation as a whole can do better than its parts”,
McGaw alluded to the efficiencies brought about by
“working together” as a nation rather than as a
federation of states.
• The international context to provide “clear evidence of
*other+ countries on the move”. Using data from the
PISA tests, he showed how Australia’s international
ranking had been challenged by some other
countries.
14. The issues of equity are secondary to
the main game of improving Australia’s
overall international ranking – and to
be “world class” (McGaw, 2009).
15. PISA Effect (Programme for
International Student Achievement)
International measures of educational
attainment, like PISA, has been increasingly used
to measure, monitor, and even construct
curriculum systems and their policies.
16. Klenowski and Adie’s (2009) argue that
“teachers and schools view them
[high-stakes tests] as accountability
measures” (p. 11) rather than as a way
to inform teaching and learning.
17. Economic competition within global
contexts is defining national
educational agendas and priorities and
alongside of this is the importance of
students developing necessary
knowledge and skills to “compete” in
this market-driven context.
18. A direct link between the economy
and schooling, where schools produce
skilled workers able to function within
a global context, is acknowledged to
be a central and an assumed priority
and focus of schooling.
19. The provision of curriculum is more
than ensuring that young people leave
school with the necessary knowledge
and skills to work in changing
economic circumstances.
20. Approaches to national curriculum
collaboration are doomed to fail unless
they are first thought about in
curriculum [rather than political or
economic?] terms (Reid, 2005).