Hi! Ho! Hi! Ho! SQL Server on Linux We Go!

Hi! Ho! Hi! Ho!
SQL Server on Linux We Go!
Janis Griffin, Database Performance Evangelist

© 2018 SolarWinds Worldwide, LLC. All rights reserved.
Who Am I
• Senior DBA / Performance Evangelist for SolarWinds
• Janis.Griffin@solarwinds.com
• Twitter® – @DoBoutAnything
• Current – 25+ years in Oracle®, DB2®, ASE, SQL Server®, MySQL®
• DBA and developer
• Specialize in performance tuning
• Review database performance for customers and prospects
• Common question – How do I tune it?
• All my presentations
• https://thwack.solarwinds.com/pages/dpa-resources
• Excited about SQL Server on Linux®!
• Opens up a whole new area to explore

• Why put SQL Server on Linux and Docker®
• Distributions, architecture, and licensing
• How to install, back up, and maintain
• Several Linux commands
• SQLCMD
• Client connectivity and tools
• SQL Operations Studio
• Demo
• Summary
Agenda

• IT landscape is constantly changing
• Many OSs (Linux, Windows, etc.), different languages, multiple data types
• Mix of on-premises/cloud/hybrid environments
• Complex environments can challenge IT to:
• Require specific skill sets (personnel)
• Reduce operational costs
• Microsoft has committed to providing interoperability to open source
• Gives industry leading performance and security
• TPC benchmark stats for SQL Server 2017 on Linux
• http://www.tpc.org/tpch/results/tpch_result_detail.asp?id=117041701
• Security supports Active Directory® authentication
• Single sign-on with no password
• Uses domain credentials and Kerberos protocol
Why SQL Server 2017 on Linux and Docker?

• Red Hat 7.3 or 7.4
• Red Hat® Enterprise Linux
• Oracle Enterprise Linux
• CentOS
• SUSE v12 SP2
• SUSE® Enterprise Linux
• Debian® 16.04
• Ubuntu® Server
• Ubuntu Workstation
• Docker Engine 1.8+
• For Mac® and Linux
• SQL-server-linux-setup
Distributions and Architecture
SQLPAL = SQL
Platform
Abstraction
Layer
microsoft.blog.sql-server-on-linux-how-introduction

• Three main editions – Express, Standard, and Enterprise
• Rewritten so there is common programming across all editions
• Develop once and purchase different editions to scale
• Developer and Test edition include Enterprise features
• Buy same SKUs and get rights to run on both Windows and Linux
• SQL Server Software Assurance benefits (SA)
• Standard / Enterprise
• Next version rights
• License Mobility to shared third-party servers
• Failover servers for high availability
• Enterprise
• Machine Learning Server for Hadoop®
• https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/dataplatforminsider/2017/09/26/in-database-machine-
learning-in-sql-server-2017/
• Power BI Report Server
• Need to acquire when buying initial license – can’t add later
SQL Server 2017 Licensing

• License Mobility
• Requires SA on licenses running the workload
• Deploy your workload only to authorized mobility partners
• Failover servers for high availability
• Combined with License Mobility, provides full flexibility on dedicated or third-party
• For planned or unplanned downtime
• Secondary/passive SQL server is granted through SA
• Without SA, both active and passive servers need to be licensed
• 90 day reassignment rule is waived due to License Mobility SA benefits
SQL Server 2017 Licensing – Cont.

• / = Root
• Every single file and directory starts here
• Only ‘root’ user has write privilege
• /root is ‘root’ user’s home directory
• Not the same as /
• /var = Variable files
• Files can grow under this directory
• SQL Server default directory
• /var/opt/mssql
• Holds log and config files
• Also system log files, database files, etc.
• /opt = Optional add-on applications
• Holds SQL Server application (default)
• /opt/mssql/bin
• /opt/msql/lib
Linux Directory Structure

• Directory != Drive
• /var/opt/mssql/data can be on different device than /var/opt/mssql/log
• A ‘mssql’ user and ‘mssql’ group is automatically set up on install
• Home directory is /home/mssql
• Application files are owned by ‘mssql’
• Some commands need ‘sudo’ privileges
• ‘sudo’ means ‘Super User Do’
• Linux is case sensitive
• ‘hello world’ != ‘HELLO WORLD’
• Hidden files are prefaced with a dot
• .bash_profile
• Bash shell is common command language
• Built from Bourne shell with added plugins (Bourne Again Shell)
• Used for scripting
More About Linux

• ls -ltra
• List directory contents (i.e., ls –ltra /var/opt/mssql)
• -l = long listing –t = sort newest first –r = reverse –a all files
• cd
• Change directory (i.e., cd /var/opt/mssql/log)
• ps –ef
• Displays active processes (i.e., ps –ef | grep sql)
• -e = every process –f = full format listing
• top = interactive view
• grep
• Searches files or standard output for pattern matching
• Example: history | grep –i mssql-conf
• man
• Interface to on-line reference manuals (i.e., man ps)
Useful Linux Commands
A great way to get familiar with
Linux commands is to download:
http://www.cygwin.com/
Provides functionality similar to a
Linux distribution on Windows.

• PuTTY™ – free SSH and Telnet client
• https://www.ssh.com/ssh/putty/download
• Log in as root or sudo
sudo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/mssql-server.repo
https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server-2017.repo
sudo yum install -y mssql-server
Installing SQL Server 2017 on Centos® 7

sudo yum install -y mssql-server
Installing SQL Server 2017 on Centos 7 – cont.

sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup

systemctl status mssql-server

sudo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/msprod.repo https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo
sudo yum install -y mssql-tools unixODBC-devel
Installing MSSQL-Tools on Centos 7

Installing MSSQL-Tools on Centos 7 – cont.

• SQL command line interface
• ‘sqlcmd -?’ shows all parameters
• Connect using
• Localhost
• IP address
• IP address, port
• Run a script at command line
sqlcmd -S 10.199.8.172,1433 -U sa
-i waits.sql -o waits.log
SQLCMD

• Must first install SQL Server 2017 repo
sudo yum install mssql-server-agent
sudo systemctl restart mssql-server
Installing SQL Server Agent on Centos 7

• Can use Docker for Linux/Mac/Windows
• Installs in /var/lib/docker – can create symbolic links
• Use if you want to run multiple instances on same server
• Download Docker for Centos
• Install Docker
• Start Docker
• Test Docker
Installing SQL Server 2017 Container Image with Docker
wget https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/docker-ce-17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
sudo yum install ./docker-ce-17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
systemctl start docker
sudo docker run hello-world
Docker provides an additional layer of
abstraction and automation at the operating-
system level. It can package an application
and its dependencies in a virtual container.
This helps enable flexibility and portability to
run on-premises, public and private cloud,
bare metal, etc.

• Get SQL Server for Linux
• Create container called sql1
• Access via docker command
• Access via sqlcmd
SQL Server 2017 Container Image with Docker – cont.
sudo docker pull microsoft/mssql-server-linux:2017-latest
docker run -e 'ACCEPT_EULA=Y' -e 'MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=Mys3cr3tpazz' -p 1433:1433
--name=sql1 –v sql1:/var/opt/mssql -d microsoft/mssql-server-linux:2017-latest
docker exec -it sql1 /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S 10.199.8.172 -U sa -P Mys3cr3tpazz
sqlcmd -S 10.199.8.172,1433 -U sa -P Mys3cr3tpazz

• docker ps –a
• Show list of containers
• docker container <start / stop> <container_name>
• docker container rm <container_name>
• BEWARE! This will remove the SQL Server instance
• docker container stats
• List CPU, memory, I/O stats for each container
• docker volume ls
• Shows volume names
• docker volume inspect <volume_name>
• Shows name and location of data
Useful Docker Commands

Docker Command Example

SQL Server 2017 Container Images

• Make a directory for backups
docker exec -it sql1 mkdir /var/opt/mssql/backup
• Download example database
sudo curl -L -o wwi.bak
'https://github.com/Microsoft/sql-server-samples/releases/download/wide-world-importers-v1.0/WideWorldImporters-Full.bak’
• Copy backup of example database to new backup directory
docker cp wwi.bak sql1:/var/opt/mssql/backup
• List files from backup
docker exec -it sql1 /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost
-U SA -P 'Mys3cr3tpazz'
-Q 'RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM DISK = "/var/opt/mssql/backup/wwi.bak"'
| tr -s ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f 1-2
Backup and Restore in Docker

• Restore from backup
docker exec -it sql1 /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd
-S localhost -U SA -P 'Mys3cr3tpazz'
-Q 'RESTORE DATABASE WideWorldImporters FROM DISK = "/var/opt/mssql/backup/wwi.bak" WITH MOVE
"WWI_Primary" TO "/var/opt/mssql/data/WideWorldImporters.mdf", MOVE "WWI_UserData" TO
"/var/opt/mssql/data/WideWorldImporters_userdata.ndf", MOVE "WWI_Log" TO
"/var/opt/mssql/data/WideWorldImporters.ldf", MOVE "WWI_InMemory_Data_1" TO
"/var/opt/mssql/data/WideWorldImporters_InMemory_Data_1"'
Backup and Restore in Docker – cont.

docker exec -it sql1 /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd
-S localhost -U SA -P 'Mys3cr3tpazz'
-Q "BACKUP DATABASE [WideWorldImporters] TO DISK =
N'/var/opt/mssql/backup/wwi_20171127.bak' WITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT, NAME =
'WideWorldImporters-full', SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD, STATS = 10"
docker cp sql1:/var/opt/mssql/backup/wwi_20171127.bak /backup/wwi_20171127.bak
Backup and Copy Files Out of Container

• Command-line tools
• sqlcmd and bcp
• SSMS
• Connect remotely from Windows
• Includes PowerShell®
• Visual Studio Code
• How-to-develop-use-vscode
• SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT)
• For Visual Studio
• Build project on Windows
• Deploy to Linux
• SQL Operations Studio
• Installs on Linux/Windows/MacOS
• GUI interface – sqlops
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/sql-operations-studio/download
Client Connectivity and Tools

• Many different libraries or drivers for Linux/Windows/MacOS
• Step by step how-to:
• https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/developer-get-started/
Client Connectivity and Tools – cont.

• Terminal
• Top
• Directory structure
• SQLCMD
• Docker commands
• Create an instance
• SSMS
• SQLOps
Demo

• SQL Server 2017 (Linux/Windows/MacOS)
• Can help with the ever-changing landscape of IT organizations
• Develop applications once
• Developer and Test editions contain all enterprise features
• But deploy and scale on-premises, in the cloud, or run a hybrid solution
• Microsoft has committed to open source communities
• Providing many different client libraries to run Linux/Windows/Docker
• Making licensing simple
• Buy same SKUs and get rights to run on both Windows and Linux
• Easy to install, back up, and maintain
• Need to learn a few Linux / Docker commands
• sqlcmd and bcp
• SSMS and sqlops
Summary

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Hi! Ho! Hi! Ho! SQL Server on Linux We Go!

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