khmer news and politics

1. esckI†Ef¬gkarN_rbs'ehg-eBA
bkE®be®kAp¬Ëvkareday lI-eDob
´f©TI16 sIha 2006
rhUtmkTl'´f©TI27 kk˚da q~S2006, xM∆¨Caåt†mesnIy_eTa GnurdΩelxa
FikarenAk~¨g®ksYgmha´pÊ nigCaTI®bwkßanaykrdΩmÂnI†hflun-Esn . enAk~¨g
eBlCamYyK~aenH xM∆¨VnrkßatMENgrbs'xM∆¨Cas~gkarb"Ulis®kugP~MeBj rhU
tmkdl'Exmkraq~S2006 EdlCamuxtMENgrbs'xMƬtSgBIq~S2001mk .
enA´f©TI27 Exkk˚da q~S2006 eBlxM∆¨siƒtenA‰breTs, naykrdΩmÂnI†rb
s'xM∆¨VnsMueTA®BHmhakß®tsIhmunI [dkxM∆¨ecjBItMENg ehIy®BHmha-
kß®tk*VnLay®BHhtƒelxayl'®Bmtam .
xM∆¨≤LËvenHkMBuglak'x¬ÁnenAk~¨g®beTsCitxag nigBMuGacvil®tLb'eTAka
n'®beTskmı¨CaCaTIes~harbs'xM∆¨vijVneLIy . rdΩaPiVlrbs'xM∆¨VnkMBug
eFI√kareXasna®bqSgxM∆¨ cab'tSgBIeBlxM∆¨cakecjBIkmı¨CakalBI´f©TI23 Exk
k˚da q~S2006mk . xM∆¨Vn®tUvbN†ajBt·manExµrcat'Tukfa CamnusßGa®kk'
nigCaå®kwdΩCn . ®KYsarrbs'xM∆¨enAkmı¨Ca rYmTSgPriyaxM∆¨ EdleTIbsHes∫I-
yBICm©WmharIk ehIynigkUn®bussJÔatiGaemrikSgrbs'xM∆¨eQµaH Pov Justin
Vn®tUveKXMux¬Ánk~¨gpÊH . BYkeKVnEqkeqrpÊHTSgBIrrbs'xM∆¨ nigrwbGUsyk
®TB¥sm∫ti†rbs'xM∆¨ . PaKe®cIn´nbuKlikrbs'xM∆¨Vn®tUveKcab'XMux¬Án BIbTma
nmniÊlsgß&y . dIkaCaGn†rCatimYyVnecj edIm∫Itamrkcab'x¬ÁnxM∆¨ .
xM∆¨Kitfa enHCaeBlEdlxM∆¨®tUvniyay®Vb'BiPBelak[VndwgGMBIerOg
rbs'xM∆¨ nigsgÙwmfa kareFI√dUec~H xM∆¨GacCMrHx¬ÁnxM∆¨BIeQµaHCab'®bLak'®bLËs
enaH . xM∆¨KµanGI√dUcEdleKVnecaT®bkan'mkelIrUbxM∆¨enaHeT ehIyxM∆¨k*BMuEdl
Vn®b®Bwt†nUvGMeBIå®kwdΩkmµGI√ dUcEdleKVnecaT®bkan'enaHEdr . xM∆¨sUm®b
kascMeJHBiPBelakTSgmUlfa xM∆¨KµaneTaskMhusGI√eLIy . ‰ksarenH
KWCameF¥aVyEtmYyKt' EdlxM∆¨GaceFI√eTAVn .
xM∆¨eCOfa KWCakarxitxM®bwgE®bgminp¬as'b†Ërrbs'xM∆¨ edIm∫IbMVt'GMeBIBukrlY
yJsvalJskalenAkmı¨Ca, karKS®Trbs'xM∆¨edIm∫IeFI√karp¬as'b†Ër®beTsk
mı¨Ca[E®bk¬ayeTACasgm®bCaFibety¥ ehIyeKalCMhrrbs'xM∆¨ KW®bqSg

2. nwgEbbbTrMelaPsiTiÏmnusßenAk~¨g®suk EdlCaehtubN†al[x¬ÁnxM∆¨F¬ak'
k~¨gsPaBkarN_EbbenH . xM∆¨Kµans†aye®kay cMeJHGI√EdlxM∆¨VneFI√eT . ebI
xM∆¨®tUvs¬ab'cMeJHCMenOnig®sukrbs'xM∆¨ xM∆¨VnegIbQrnigsµ&®Kcit†eFI√y"agdU-
ec~HrYceTAehIy .
xM∆¨ekItenAk~¨gext†kN†al, ´f©TI1 F~Ë q~S1957 ehIy“Bukm†ayrbs'xM∆¨TSg
BIrnak'CaG~kE®scMkar . “Bukm†ayrbs'xM∆¨Vns¬ab'ecalxM∆¨ tSgBIxM∆¨manGayu
11q~Sem"¬H .
enAq~S1992, eBlxM∆¨bMeBjkargarCamÂnI†b"Ulis enAk~¨g®kum®bqSgå®kwdΩ
kmµ®kugP~MeBj, xM∆¨VnTTYlrgrbYseday®tUveKVj'cMeCIgxageq√g EdleFI√
[xM∆¨BikarrhUtmkdl'≤LËvenH . xM∆¨Vt'bg'eCIgeq√g edaysar®sukrbs'xM∆¨ .
enAq~S1995, mankareFI√VtukmµeBjJsk~¨g®beTskmı¨Ca dwknSeday
Sene Sane edIm∫ITamTarlTiÏ®bCaFibety¥ . naykrdΩmÂnI†hflun-EsnVn
ecjbJÇafa VtukmµenaH®tUvEtkMeTc . Kat'VneFI√karekaH®bCMumYyCamYyhu
k-LgDI, GKnayk´nkm¬Sgb"Ulis . x¬ÁnxM∆¨k*Vn®tUvhuk-LgDIehA[eTAcU
lrYm®bCMu k~¨gzan:Camit†Pki† (xM∆¨enAcS Amson An, rdΩelxaFikar®ksYgmha´pÊ
k*manmuxenAk~¨g®bCMuEdr . kar®bCMueFI√enApÊHnaykrdΩmÂnI†‰TYl®ksSg, ext†
kN†al) . enAeBlenaH, xM∆¨Canaykariyal&y®bqSge®KOgejonenAP~MeBj
. enAeBl®bCMu xM∆¨VnæBYkeKniyay ®tUveFI√y"agNak*eday edIm∫IbJçb'nUv
karrMeBItrMeBIgk~¨g®sukenH . xM∆¨BMuVndwgfa eK®tUve®bI®Kab'Ebk´deTAelIVtu
kreT . (kkn – eyIgeCOfa KWemFavIrbs'elakehg-eBACaG~ksresres
ckI†raykarN_CaPasaGg'eK¬senH . eQµaHsamICnx¬ÁnmYycMnYnsresrBMu
Vn®twm®tUvdUcCa – Sene Sane ®bEhlsMedA siun-esn nigeQµaH Amson
An ®bEhlsMedA GM-sunGn) .
®Kab'Ebk´dVnsm¬ab'mnusßCag10nak'enAk~¨gvt† . kUn®busrbs'
Sene Sane Vn®tUvrbYsedaysar®Kab'Ebk´denaH rYmTSgmnusß10nak'epß
geTot . xM∆¨BMuVndwgfa BYkeKe®bI®Kab'Ebk´d ®bqSgnwgVtukrs¬Ët®tg'GJçw
geLIy . xM∆¨KµancMENkenAk~¨gerOgenHeT . eBl®Kab'EbkpʨH, xM∆¨siƒtenAk~¨g
kariyal&yrbs' ent-saevOn niyayK~aCamYyKat' GMBIhflun-EsnCYbCamY
yhuk-LgDIy"agdUcem†c . e®kayenaH b"UlisVn®tUveK®Vb'[dwgGMBIkar
pʨH ehIyenAeBlxM∆¨dwgenaH erOgGa®kk'VnekIteLIgrYceTAehIy . xM∆¨®Kan'Et
Vndwg enAe®kayeBl®Kab'EbkpʨHb"ueNˆaH . b"UlisVn®tUveKehA[eTAeFI√
karesIubGeg˚t edIm∫IrkmuxG~kTTYlxus®tUvkarpʨH k*b"uEn†BYkeK®Kan'EteFI√kar
esIubGeg˚tesI@ ehIynigsakl∫glak'danCnTTYlxus®tUvenaH .

3. enAk~¨geBlxM∆¨kan'karenAkariyal&y®bqSge®KOgejon, xM∆¨VnrkeXIjP
s†¨tagbg˙ajfa KWmnusßrbs'hflun-EsnJk'B&nÏk~¨gGMeBIrt'BnÏe®KOgejon .
xM∆¨VneTACYbhflun-Esn edIm∫I®Vb'[Kat'Vndwg . Kat'VnnSxM∆¨eTAbnÊb'e®ka
mdIpÊHrbs'Kat' EdlmankartubEtgy"aglÌ®bNit . hflun-EsnsYrxM∆¨ faxM∆¨
sal'eQµaHG~krt'e®KOgejonenaH…eT . xM∆¨eqI¬yfa xM∆¨sal' Kat'eQµaHm"ug-ri
TIÏ EdlxM∆¨eCOfaBitCamankarJk'B&nÏ . xM∆¨sgß&yeTAelImnusßrbs'hflun-Es
nm~ak'eTot k*mankarJk'B&nÏEdr EtxM∆¨min®Vkd100%eT . hflun-EsnKµanni-
yayGI√TSgGs' . rYcmkhuk-LgDI nighfluy-BisiTÏ emGgrkßhflun-Esnk*
mkdl' eFI√[Gak'xandl'karniyayK~aCamYyKat' . ehIyeyIgCECkK~aGMBI
VtukmµKNbkß®bqSg . huk-LgDIniyayeTAkan'hflun-Esnfa «ehtuGI√k*
eyIgmine®bI®Kab'Ebk´deTA» . hflun-EsneqI¬yfa CaKMnitlÌ˘˘˘ «xM∆¨GacbJÇËn
siTÏ (hfluy-BisiTiÏ) [eTAeFI√ ehIyKat'Gaccat'karVnlÌNas'» . Kat'
(hflun-Esn) VnGnuJÔat[huk-LgDIebIkluy[hfluy-BisiTÏeFI√kicçkarenH
. huk LgDIVneqI¬yfa Kat'nwg®bmUlluycUlK~a[eTABYkeK . Kat'esI~fa
[xM∆¨CYbCamYysiTÏ . e®kaymkhuk-LgDIbJÇaxM∆¨eTArkluy (100,000du-
l¬arGaemrik) [eTAhfluy-BisiTÏ . luyenaHVnmkBIb"Ulis .
enA´f©TI30 mIna 1997, emdwknS®kum®bqSgsm-rgßI¨ VndwknSVtukmµ
edIm∫ITamTarkMENT®mg'®bB&nÏtulakarenAkmı¨Ca . VtukmµeFI√enAxagmuxmnIÊr
rdΩsPa . xM∆¨siƒtenACitvt†bTum nigVneXIjGI√EdlekIteLIg . buKlikrb-
s'xM∆¨ Vndwkm"UtUxM∆¨ eTAemIlVtukmµFMenAxage®kAsPa . 2-4naTI e®kayxM∆¨eTA
dl', xM∆¨VnsUrsem¬gpʨHy"agx¬Sg ehIymnusßE®sk®ThwgGWugGab' . rYcxM∆¨
VneXIjmnusßbYnnak' rt'ecjBIkEn¬gekItehtu . xM∆¨sal'mnusß2nak'enA
k~¨gcMeNamBYkeK – elaks&ki†®VM pan'-sarI ehIynigelakembJÇakar Gfln-
cMNan, TSgBIrnak'enHCamnusßrbs'hflun-Esn . xM∆¨minsal'BIrnak'eTot
enaHeT . BYkeKrt'sMedAeTApÊHnaykrdΩmÂnI† . xM∆¨VntamBYkeKdl'TIenaH edI
m∫Icg'dwgfa etIBYkeKrt'eKcBIGI√mkEdr . xM∆¨VnniyayCamYyåt†mesnIy_
hfluy-BisiTÏ ehIyVn®Vb'Kat'fa xM∆¨VneXIjmnusßbYnnak'rt'ecjBIkEn¬g
ekItehtu ehIyniyayfaBYkeKmin®tUveVH®Kab'Ebk´dGJçwgeT . Kat'®Vb'
xM∆¨lak'[s©at' min[niyay®Vb'G~kNaTSgGs' . k*b"uEn†xM∆¨xwgnigrkSk~¨g
cit† . xM∆¨®tUvEtniyay®Vb'G~kNamYyGMBIerOgenH . xM∆¨eTACYbhuk-LgDI Ed
lxM∆¨cat'Tukk~¨geBlenaHCamit†Pki† . xM∆¨manGarmµN_fa xM∆¨VnraykarN_eTA
huk ehIyminyl'esaHfa etIehtuGI√VnCahflun-Esne®CIserIsm¬ab'mnusß
e®cIndUec~H . k*b"uEn†Kat'®Vb'xM∆¨dEdl [rkßakars©at'es©øm nigmin®tUvniyay

4. ®Vb'eTAnrNaGMBIerOgenHeLIy . enAk~¨gcMeNammnusßEdls¬ab'nigrbYs
enaH manCnCatiGaemrikSgm~ak' . xM∆¨yl'fa rdΩaPiVlGaemrikSgVnbJÇËnm
nusßrbs'eKmk®sukExµredIm∫IesIubGeg˚t .
enAq~S2003, pan'-sarIVnmkCYbxM∆¨enAk~¨gkariyal&y . Kat'VnsarPa
BcMeJHxM∆¨fa Kat'CaCnEdlVneVH®Kab'Ebk´denaH . Kat'niyayfa Kat'
e®kom®kMy"agx¬Sg BIe®JHKat'Vnsm¬ab'mnusßCae®cIn . Kat'rGflUfa hflun-
EsnF¬ab'e®bIKat'[eFI√kicçVnsMerc . eBlKat'manbJ˙a KµannrNarvl'CYy
Kat'eT . Kat'niyayfa Kat'eFI√enHBIe®JHhflun-EsnbJÇaKat'[eFI√ ehIyKat'
®tUvEtbMeBjcit†hflun-Esn . Kat'VnTTYlsal'fa Kat'Vnsm¬ab'mnusß
e®cInNas'BImunmk . Kat'niyayfa Kat'≤LËvenHsUm∫IEtluyk*KµanciJçwm
kUnpg . xM∆¨VnftTuksem¬gkarsnÊnaK~aenH .
‹ karrwbGUskJœacMnYn7etan –
enAq~S1997, xM∆¨Canaykariyal&y®bqSge®KOgejon . xM∆¨rwbGUsykV
nkJœacMnYn®VMBIretan Carbs'®kumhflunm"ug-riTIÏ . m"ug-riTIÏ Camit†Cits~iTÏrbs'
hflun-Esn . kJœalak'enAk~¨gkugefn&rBIr nigerobcMrYce®scsMrab'dwkbeJç-
jeTAkan'®beTsn&kev . karcab'ekIteLIgenAkMBg'Ep®kugsIhnu . e®kay
eBlcab', elakhU-sux GnurdΩelxaFikar®ksYgmha´pÊmkBIKNbkßhfl√¨n
siunbiuc VnsMuxM∆¨[cab'XMux¬Ánm"ug-riTIÏ . xM∆¨BMuGaceFI√VneT edaysarm"ug-riTIÏ
Caek¬I®mak'rbs'hflun-Esn ehIyKat'muxEteFI√Gn†raKmn_ . hflun-EsnKat'V
n®bkastamviT¥¨nigTUrTsßn_fa ebIm"ug-riTIÏ®tUvcab'XMux¬Án x¬ÁnKat'nwgeFI√[®V
kdfa KµannrNab"HJl'x¬Ánm"ug-riTIÏVneLIy . dl'dUec~HeTA xM∆¨BMuGaceFI√GI√V
neTGMBIerOgenH . e®kaymk, sƒanTUtkaNadaVnGeJIÇjxM∆¨[eTA®beT-
skaNada edIm∫Iniyay®tYs@®Vb'rdΩaPiVlkaNadaGMBIkarcab'VnenH .
hflun-EsnxwgnwghU-suxy"agx¬Sg . muneBlxM∆¨®tUvcakecjeTA®beTska
Nada, hflun-EsnVnehAxM∆¨eTApÊHrbs'Kat' ehIyVnsMu[xM∆¨kMueTA®beTska
NadaGI . Kat'sMu[xM∆¨®Vb'eTAkaNadafa xM∆¨Cab'rvl'BMuGacTTYlkarGeJIÇj
VneT . erOgcab'kJœa k*Vnk¬ayeTACaerOgFMxusFmµta BIe®JHmankarJk'
B&nÏCamYymnusßrbs'hflun-Esn . hflun-EsnVnecjmuxkarJrm"ug-riTIÏ
y"agcMh . hflun-Esnniyayfa ebIxM∆¨niyayerOgcab'Vne®KOgejonenHeTA
kaNada shKmn_Gn†rCatimuxEtKabsg˚t'mkelIrdΩaPiVlExµr . Kat'esI~
fa [xM∆¨s©b's©at'eTA . ebIxM∆¨eFI√tamdUcEdlKat'niyay®Vb' m"ug-riTIÏnwg[La
nfIµmkxM∆¨mYye®KOg . bnÊab'mk m"ug-riTIÏk*VnmkCYbxM∆¨CamYynaykrdΩmÂnI† .
hflun-Esnk*VnsMuxM∆¨pgEdr [eFI√sni~siTkaEstmYy bdiesFBMumankarcab'

5. GI√ekIteLIgeT nig[lak'bMVMg .
xM∆¨x¬achflun-Esn ehIyKat'manGMNacx¬SgNas' . xM∆¨Kµankare®CIserI-
seT e®kABIs†ab'tambgab' . xM∆¨VnTTYlLanmYye®KOgBIm"ug-riTIΩ KWCaLan
1997 Landcruiser Toyota . kariyal&yxM∆¨Vn®tUvp†l'[nUvLan Hilux CMnMumYy
e®kAsMrab'e®bI®Vs' EdlmanyIeham"ug-riTIÏenABIelIenaH . e®kaybnÊab'mk
hflun-EsnVnbJÇa[xM∆¨ eTAcab'XMux¬Ánmnusßm~ak'epßgeToteQµaH qay-su
xum CMnYsvij . qay eFI√karCaebGwum mkBIKNbkßhfl√¨nsiunbiuc .
‹ kareFI√XateTAelIhU-sux –
bni†ce®kayåb∫tiehtuxagelIenH, k*manGMeBIrdΩ®bharExkk˚daq~S1997
dwknSedayhflun-Esn edIm∫IkMcat'KNbkßhfl√¨nsiunbiuc . elakhU-suxVn
eTAsƒanTUtswg˙bUrIenAP~MeBj edIm∫IsMu®Ckekan BIe®JHhflun-Esnnighuk-L
gDIkMBugsakl∫gtamcab'x¬ÁnKat' EdlKat'mkBIKNbkßhfl√¨nsiunbiuc . kar
sMu®CkekanVnbdiesF ehIyhU-sux®tUveKbeN†jecj . huk-LgDI k*
cab'Kat'Vn rYcbJÇa[GgrkßnSykeTAkariyal&yrbs'åt†mesnIy_m"a-
esOnxagKNbkß®bCaCn . huk-LgDIVnecjbJÇapÊal'mkxM∆¨ [eTAnS
hU-suxeTAkan'kariyal&yxM∆¨ . eBlxM∆¨eTAdl'TIenaH manmnusß6nak'®bdab'
edayGavuF Edlhuk-LgDIVnbJÇËnmk rg'cSxM∆¨rYcCae®sc . xM∆¨sal'mnu-
sß2nak'enAk~¨gcMeNamenaH KWEkv-vici®t nigbflunNa . BYkeKVj'hU-sux
enAxage®kAkariyal&ym"a-esOn . xM∆¨sYrBYkeKGMBIkarVj'sm¬ab' . bflunNa
eqI¬yfa huk-LgDIbJÇËn[BYkeKmksm¬ab'hU-sux . huk-LgDImincUl
cit†hU-suxeT . xM∆¨P∆ak'epIÌlx¬SgNas' ehIyTUrs&BÊeTAhuk-LgDI . huk-
LgDIniyayfa ebIhU-suxenArs' Kat'begI˚tbJ˙adl'eyIge®cInNas' .
Kat'sMuxM∆¨[eTAbfluNa nUvLanmYye®KOg®sak'K~aBIb"Ulis edIm∫ICarg√an' . xM∆¨k*
eFI√tamdUcKat'®Vb' ehIy[eTAbflunNanUvLan Camry 97 mYye®KOg .
manmnusßTSgGs'®VMnak' CasakßI´nkarsm¬ab'enH – m"a-esOn, Fn-Gwu
m nigbInak'epßgeTotEdlrYmman åt†mesnIy_ Fn-lwm, s&ki†®VM Giun-bUra",
s&ki†®VMsU-vNˆa ehIynigkg®bqSgå®kwdΩkmµd´TeTot .
‹ kars¬ab'´ntaraPaByn† BisidΩ-Bilika –
enAq~S1999, xM∆¨Caemkariyal&y®bqSgå®kwdΩkmµ Canaykrg nigCaG~k
TTYlbnʨkesIubGeg˚tkars¬ab'´ntaraPaByn† . xM∆¨VnrkeXIjfa muneBl
nags¬ab' nagVnsahayCamYyhuk-LgDI . bI†rbs'nagVnecjeTAbr
eTsjwkjab' Tukecalnagm~ak'‰genA®sukExµr . huk-LgDIEtgeTArkCYb
nagCajwkjab' ehIyyknageTArSkMsan† nigTijCMnYn[nagCaedIm˘˘˘. enA

6. k~¨geBlTMnak'TMngK~aenaH nagmankUn®busmYyCamYyhuk-LgDI . rYcbnÊa
b'mkhuk-LgDIVnnSykeTAbg˙ajhflun-Esn . hflun-Esnk*VnCYbnag.
muneBlCYbhflun-Esn nagminsUvmanluykak'eT . k*b"uEn†e®kaymk nag
manluyy"age®cIn . enAk~¨gkugFnaKarkaNada bg˙ajluyTSgGs'cMnYn
30,000 dul¬arGaemrik enAeBlnags¬ab' . nagVnTTYlLanfIµm"ak Honda
CRV ehIynigvILamYy . nagmankar®BYyVrm∏cMeJHsni†suxpÊal'x¬Ánral'
´f© edaysar®bBnÏrbs'hflun-EsndwgGMBITMnak'TMngsm©at'enH . ®bBnÏhflun
EsnsI†benÊashuk-LgDI CaG~kdwkjIbnßI¨eQµal . huk-LgDIk*sMrYlCa
mYy®bBnÏhflun-Esn edaysn¥afa nwgsakl∫gbMEbktaraPaByn†ecjBI
hflun-Esn . k~¨gmYyrMeBcenaH ®sab'EttaraPaByn†®tUveKsm¬ab' . xM∆¨Vn
rkeXIjfa XatkrenaHKWCaGgrkßm~ak'rbs'huk-LgDI . xM∆¨VneTAsaksYr
bflunNa ehIyvaVnsarPaBfa vamankarJk'B&nÏCamYynig Ekv-ev"t k~¨gkar
sm¬ab'enH e®kambJÇarbs'huk-LgDI .
edaysarGMeBIå®kwdΩkmµJk'B&nÏnwghuk-LgDI, xM∆¨BMuGaceFI√GI√VnTSgGs'
k~¨gerOgenH . xM∆¨BMuGaceFI√karcab'x¬ÁnVneT . xM∆¨mankarrkSk~¨gcit†y"agx¬Sg eda
ysarmnusßs¬Ët®tg'm~ak'®tUveKsm¬ab' ehIyx¬ÁnxM∆¨Cab"UlisminGaceFI√GI√Vn
Tal'EtesaHenaH .
(mantenAelxe®kay)

7. esckI†Ef¬gkarN_rbs'ehg-eBA (t)
bkE®be®kAp¬Ëvkareday lI-eDob
´f©TI17 sIha 2006
‹ CYyKNbkß®bqSg –
enAq~S2000, xM∆¨VnCYbTMnak'TMngCamYyBYkbkß®bqSg . xM∆¨eFI√enHBIe®JH
xM∆¨eCOfardΩaPiVlhflun-EsnBukrlYy ehIykarsgÙwm®sukExµr KW®tUvEtq¬g
kat'tamry:BYkKNbkß®bqSgb"ueNˆaH . hflun-EsnKat'®bLak'Qame®cIn
Nas'enAk~¨g´d edayVnsm¬ab'mnusßCae®cIn . xM∆¨cg'eXIjkarp¬as'b†ËrenA
k~¨grdΩaPiVlExµr edIm∫InSmknUvlTiÏ®bCaFibety¥nigyuti†Fm·dl'Exµr . eBl
xM∆¨Vnæhuk-LgDInighflun-EsnXb'XitK~arksm¬ab'BYkeK xM∆¨VneTA®Vb'
BYkemdwknSxag®kum®bqSg[VndwgmunCasm©at' tamry:Tak'TgpÊal'CamY
ymnusßCits~iTÏ ehIynigVn®BmanBYkeKTukCamun .
xM∆¨VnesI~BYkeK[rYmkm¬SgK~a edIm∫Iman{kaslÌQ~Heq~atnaq~S2008xa
gmux . xM∆¨k*Vnbg˙ajpgEdrnUvPs†¨tagx¬H@ BIkarBukrlYyrbs'hflun-Esn
eTAf~ak'dwknS®kum®bqSgVneXIj edIm∫IBYkeKebIkbg˙ajeTAsaFarN: . ka
lBIcugExmifuna/kk˚da q~S2006, hflun-EsnVnrkeXIjfa xM∆¨VnniyayCa
mYyBYk®bqSg nigp†l'KMnitdl'BYkeKCaedIm . Kat'minsb∫aycit†nwgxM∆¨eT .
Kat'ecaTxM∆¨fa xM∆¨minesµaH®tg'CamYyKNbkß®bCaCn .
enA´f©TI23kk˚da, xM∆¨VncakecjBI®sukExµreTAkan'®beTsm"aeLsIu edIm∫I
[eKEqkBinit¥emIleCIgxageq√grbs'xM∆¨ nigrYcehIyeTAkan'®beTsswg˙bUrI
edIm∫IemIlkUn nigedIm∫I[BYkm"akCYykat'Evnta . muneBlxM∆¨ecjdMeNIr xM∆¨V
nsMukarGnuJÔateTAbreTs ehIyeKk*Vnp†l'nUvkarGnuJÔat[xM∆¨ . enA´f©TI
28kk˚da, xM∆¨VnæBI®sukExµrnigBImit†Pki†mkfa xM∆¨BMuGacvil®tLb'vijVneLI-
y BIe®JHhflun-EsnxwgnwgxM∆¨x¬SgNas' ehIyecaT®bkan'xM∆¨faCaCnk∫t'K-
Nbkß®bCaCn . BYkeKkMBugbM´P¬karecaT®bkan'®bqSgmkelIxM∆¨ .
‹ niyayecj –
CamYyGI√TSgGs'EdlxM∆¨VnrkeXIjGMBIhflun-Esnnighuk-LgDI, xM∆¨man
karGs'sgÙwmk~¨gcit† . xM∆¨e®bobdUcTUkkMBugveg√gk~¨gsmu®Td*FMeFg . xM∆¨man

8. eKalCMhrnigåt†mKtirbs'xM∆¨ b"uEn†enAk~¨gBiPBBukrlYy Kµan®ckecjVneT
. edIm∫Irs' xM∆¨®tUvEtbiTEP~krbs'xM∆¨cMeJHGMeBIåt∫atCae®cIn EdlxM∆¨VneXIj
. KWdUckars¬ab' siƒtenAk~¨gx¬ÁnxM∆¨GJçwg . enAk~¨gdMNak'kalbI cen¬aHcab'BI
q~S1999, 2000 nigq~S2001, xM∆¨VnsMerccit†niyayCamYy®kumGgkarX¬S
emIlsiTiÏmnusß (Human Rights Watch) enAkmı¨Ca . xM∆¨VnniyayCamYyG~k
®sIBug-QIveh˚k, naykGgkarlIkadUenAkmı¨Ca, G~k®sI GIuva" enAGgkar Glo-
bal Witness enAP~MeBj, elak Henrick GtittMNag UNHCR enAP~MeBj, ela
k Christopher Peschoux, UNHCR enA®kughßWENv, elak Paul Grove
®ksYgesIubkarN_GaemrikSg®bqSge®KOgejon nigcuge®kayeKCamYy Na
lI enAGgkarlIkadU®beTskmı¨Ca .
‹ karsm¬ab'ecA®kmsuk-esdΩamunI –
xM∆¨VnGanenAk~¨gkaEstbreTsniyayfa xM∆¨Vn®tUvhflun-EsnecaT®b-
kan'Jk'B&nÏk~¨gkarsm¬ab'ecA®kmsuk-esdΩamunI . enHKWCakar®bDitrbs'hflun
EsnsuTÏsaF edIm∫IbMpusbMpulkar®bqSgmkelIrUbxM∆¨ .
enAq~S2003, ecA®kumVn®tUvsm¬ab'eday®kumePrvCn EdlmaneQµaHfa
CFF . eb"GwumenAP~MeBjVncab'x¬ÁnCnsgß&y3nak' EdlJk'B&nÏenAk~¨gkar
sm¬ab' . karcab'x¬ÁneFI√eLIgedays&ki†®VMswum-hug, Caemeb"Gwum®kumesIubG-
eg˚t . xM∆¨KµanGI√Jk'B&nÏnwgkarcab'x¬ÁnenHeT BIe®JHCakicçxageb"Gwum .
CnEdleKcab'x¬Ánman Cn-ci®ta nigmUl-em"t, EtxM∆¨mincSeQµaHG~km~ak'
eTotenaHeT .
xM∆¨mankareKarBcMeJHecA®km ehIyxM∆¨x¬Án‰gk*sal'Kat'y"agc∫as'Bit
®VkdNas' . Kµanp¬ËvGI√ EdlxM∆¨®tUverobcMsm¬ab'Kat'enaHeLIy .
xM∆¨eCOfa enH®Kan'EtCakarbM´P¬ef˚aleTasmkelIxM∆¨edIm∫Icab'x¬Ánb"ueNˆaH .
xM∆¨dwgerOge®cIn dUec~HxM∆¨®tUveKecamBI®Kb'TisTI .
‹ karcab'VnGaePon36KILË®kam –
enAq~S2001, xM∆¨VnTTYlBt·manBICnlak'muxm~ak' niyayfavr:esnIy_
eTaegO-sm∫ti† Camnusßrbs'åt†mesnIy_esA-suxa (p˚aybI) nigåt†mes
nIy_dMu-hak' (p˚ay2) Jk'B&nÏk~¨gerOgCYjGaePon . e®kaybnÊab'BIkaresIubG
eg˚t xM∆¨VneTApÊHKat'enAsg˚at'TYleKakk~¨g®kugP~MeBj ehIycab'VnGaePon
cMnYn36KILË®kam . vr:esnIy_eTaVn®tUvcab'x¬ÁnenAnwgkEn¬g EtdMu-hak'Ed
lsiƒtenATIenaH VneKcx¬ÁnBIkEn¬gekItehtu . eyIgmanbMNgtamedjca
b'Kat', Ethflun-EsnVnbJŒb'eyIg edaybJÇaQb'cab'dMu-hak' nigmin
[eFI√karesIubGeg˚tBIdMu-hak'GI√TSgGs' . xM∆¨®tUvEtQb'edjtam nigeFI√kar

9. esIubGeg˚t . CMnYseFI√karp†nÊaeTasKat' CakarKYr[P∆ak'epIÌl hflun-EsnVn
dMeLIgzann†rs&ki†Kat'p˚ay3 Etk~¨g®bEhlmYyExe®kaymkb"ueNˆaH . egO-
sm∫ti† Vn®tUveKsm¬ab'enAk~¨gKuk . hflun-EsnVnniyay®Vb'xM∆¨fa min®tUv
x¬Sg´deBk GMBIerOgCYjdUre®KOgejonenaHeT .
e®kayBIenHminyUrb"unµan eKmankargarmYyerobcMeLIgedayhuk-LgDI
sMrab'åt†mesnIy_TSgGs'enaH . esA-suxaenATIenaH ehIyx¬ÁnxM∆¨k*eKehA
[eTAEdr . esA-suxaekatsresIrxM∆¨y"age®cInenAkargarenaH nigcg'[xM∆¨Cit
s~iTÏCamYyKat' . Kat'niyaynwgxM∆¨fa ebIeyIgrYm´dK~a eyIgGaceFI√GI√VnTSg
Gs'enA®sukExµr . rYcKat'niyayfa GI√EtmYyKt'enaHKWCMhrrbs'xM∆¨GMBICMnYj
e®KOgejon . Kat'VnsMuxM∆¨[Qb'esIubGeg˚tGMeBIrt'BnÏe®KOgejon edayni
yayfae®KOgejoBMubg˚bJ˙aGI√dl'kmı¨CaeT . xM∆¨eqI¬ycMeJHmuxKat'vijfa xM∆¨mi
nyl'®sbtameT . Kat'®sab'EtxwgehIyniyaymkxM∆¨fa ebIxM∆¨enAEtbn†eFI√
karesIubGeg˚t enaHKat'nwge®bIdavrbs'Kat'sm¬ab'xM∆¨ .
G~kd´TeXIjehtukarN_y"agdUec~H k*nSK~amkXat'eyIg[s©b' .
‹ sMNUmBrkMENTMrg'tulakarnigyuti†Fm· –
enAedImq~S2005, xM∆¨VnsMNUmBreTAnaykrdΩmÂnI†hflun-Esnrbs'xM∆¨ eFI√
kMENTMrg'®bB&nÏtulakarnigyuti†Fm· EdlBukrlYy . ecA®kmPaKe®cInTUTSg
®beTsminsb∫aycit†nwgxM∆¨eT CaBiess®BHraCGaC∆a Gfluk-savuF EdleKsa
l'faCaemBukrlYy . naykrdΩmÂnI†hflun-EsnKS®TxM∆¨ ehIyKat'Vn®bkas
CasaFarN: [eFI√kMENT®mg'®bB&nÏtulakar . ®bCaBlrdΩs√aKmn_TegI√enH
ehIynSK~aGbGrsaTr edaynSK~asresrCacMerog EdlmanrMÆkBIeQµaHxM∆¨
enAk~¨genaHpg . xM∆¨Vn®Vb'eTABYkeKfa eFI√GJçwgnaykrdΩmÂnI† Kat'minsb∫a
ycit†nwgeXIjeQµaHxM∆¨®tUvelIkdemI˚ge®cIneBkeT . Gfluk-savuF minsb∫ay
cit†nwgxM∆¨ eBlKat'VneXIjkMENTMrg' mankm¬SgbJçb'nUvGI√EdlKat'eFI√Vn
e®kam®bB&nÏbcç¨b∫n~ .
‹ ehtukarN_fIµ@rbs'xM∆¨--Tak'TgpÊal'nwgmuxtMENgrbs'xM∆¨enAk~¨grdΩa
PiVl nigkarCMnHy"agcMhrbs'xM∆¨ ®bqSghuk-LgDI nignaykrdΩmÂnI† –
enAq~S2005, huk-LgDIVnbJÇa[xM∆¨sm¬ab'rdΩelxaFikar nut-saGan
BIe®JHelaknut-saGan manTMnas'CamYyhuk-LgDI elIerOgdIFI¬mYykEn¬
grbs'b"Ulis . huk-LgDIxwgy"agx¬SgCamYyKat' ehIyVnbJÇa[erobcM
sm¬ab'Kat' . xM∆¨®bEkk BIe®JHxM∆¨eKarBKat'y"age®cIn nigmincg'eXIjKat'®tUv
eKsm¬ab' . xM∆¨k*VnrkerOgedIm∫IedaHx¬Án . xM∆¨VnBn¥l'eTAhuk-LgDIfa nut
saGan manGgrkße®cInNas' BMuGaceFI√GI√VneLIy .

10. enAExF~Ëq~S2005, huk-LgDImanTMnas'CamYyxM∆¨ BIe®JHKat'cg'[xM∆¨kat'
p†ac'esapÊHemFavIExµr-GaemrikSgm~ak'eQµaH David Chinava nig[eFI√karEqk
eqr . mUlehtu´nkarEqkeqrKWfa emFavI®tUveKniyayfa ´f©mYy®svwgehIy
VnebIkLancUleTAk~¨gsYnsaFarN:rbs'hflun-Esn . Kat'VneKcx¬Ánec
jBITIkEn¬gekItehtu ehIysm©MenAes©øm . ®bEhl10´f©e®kaymk b"Uli
scab'epI†meFI√karesIubGeg˚t ehIyVnrkeXIjLansiƒtenApÊHEdlKat'cuH
ecal . pÊHcak'esa KWehtudUec~HehIy VnCaKat'bJÇa[xM∆¨eTAkat'esa edIm∫I
cUleTAxagk~¨g . xM∆¨mins†ab'bJÇarbs'Kat'eT ehIy®Vb'huk-LgDIfa kar
eFI√dUec~HKWxusc∫ab' . huk-LgDIrkScit†nwgxM∆¨ Edlmin®BmeKarBtambJÇarb
s'Kat' . Kat'E®skKMhksYrxM∆¨fa etIehtuGIVnCab"Ulis®bus-b"Ulis®sI
k~¨g®sukElgeKarBKat'y"agdUec~H . xM∆¨KWCamnusßEtm~ak'Kat' Edlhflanmin
eKarBtamKat' . Kat'niyayfa Kat'BMuGacelIkElg[CnNa EdlmineKa-
rBKat'VnesaHeLIy .
enAedImq~S2005, kUn®bushuk-LgDI eQµaHhuk-Lgdav EdleKsal'
faCa DI-viCÇa VnlHElg®bBnÏrbs'x¬ÁneQµaH hflun-cnƒa ®tUvCakµÁy®sIrbs'
hflun-Esn .
åb∫ti†ehtuenAxagelI EdlxM∆¨Vn®bEkkmineKarBtamKat' VneFI√[Kat'
®bqSgxM∆¨y"agCUrct' . Kat'cg'KMnMunwgxM∆¨ . enA´f©TI25 ExF~Ë q~S2005, Kat'Vn
ehABYks~gkarb"Ulis, GPiVlext† nigmÂnI†Can'xıs'´nsg˚at'TSg7 eTA®bCMu
K~a‰pÊHecAh√ay®kugP~MeBj . mnusß®bEhl400nak'VneTAbg˙ajmux .
xM∆¨k*CaG~keTAcUlrYmm~ak'Edr . huk-LgDIKat'VnebIkbg˙ajGMBIkarmineBj
cit†rbs'Kat'y"agcMh ehIyVn®bkasfa Kat'nwgeFI√nUvGI√EdlGaceFI√eTAV
n edIm∫IdkhUtzann†rs&ki†xM∆¨k~¨grvag3ExeTot . xM∆¨niyayfa Kat'®tUvEtsMerc
nUveKaledAenH EtebIKat'minsMercvij Kat'®tUvEtdkp˚ay2rbs'Kat'ecj .
cMeJHxM∆¨, Kat'®bkassÂgamCasaFarN:®bqSgxM∆¨ . Kat'niyayfa Kat'KWCa
em®kumm"ahI√y"aenA®sukExµr ehIyKµannrNaGacykQ~HelIKat'VneLI-
y sUm∫IEtTI®bwkßarbs'naykrdΩmÂnI†k*eday . xM∆¨VnTTYlnUvGat'sem¬g
Edlb"UlisCamit†Pki†epßgeTotenAk~¨geBl®bCMuVnftTuk . kaEstExµrk*V
ncuHpßayGMBIerOgenHpgEdr .
P¬ame®kay®bCMu, xM∆¨VneTArknaykrdΩmÂnI†[CYyeFI√Gn†raKmn_ . nayk
rdΩmÂnI†niyay®Vb'xM∆¨fa kMuVrm∏GI√ ehIyfaKat'Kµanp¬ËvTuk[huk-LgDIdkec
jBItMENgVneLIy . Kat'niyayfa x¬ÁnKat'pÊal'k*manbJ˙aCamYyhuk-
LgDIEdr .

11. ‹ karsm¬ab'CnCatiswg˙bUrIm~ak' –
x¬ÁnxM∆¨k*Vn®tUveKecaT®bkan' k~¨gkarsm¬ab'eTAelICnCatiswg˙bUrIm~ak'pg
Edr . vaCakarminTMngTal'EtesaH ehIyetIehtuGI√VnCaxM∆¨®tUveFI√dUec~H ?
xM∆¨®VkdNas' KµankarJk'B&nÏenAk~¨gkarsm¬ab'CnCatiswg˙bUrIeQµaH sIu
m-BIgsay enHeT . xM∆¨sal'Kat'c∫as'Nas' nigVncat'TukKat'Camit†rb-
s'xM∆¨pgEdr . sIum®tUvVneKVj'sm¬ab'enAedImq~S2004 . rhUtmkdl'´f©
enH KµannrNa®tUvVncab'x¬ÁnBIerOgsm¬ab'enHesaH .
sIum CaG~kCMnYjCnCatiswg˙bUrIm~ak' . Kat'CamYyCnCatiswg˙bUrIm~ak'eTot
eQµaHelak kuk VncUlhflunK~arksIuCamYyG~kCMnYjExµreQµaHbflunhIu . KW®b
Ehl10q~SmkehIy . karcUlhflunK~a KWedIm∫Isg'pÊHsMNak'mYyman300
bnÊb' . eKekItmanbJ˙abn†bnÊab'K~a Jk'B&nÏnwgsMNg'enaH . G~kcUlhflunTS
gbInak'e®kaymkk*ElgTukcit†K~aeTAvijeTAmk . edaysarsPaBkarN_´n
KMeragenH, åbnaykrdΩmÂnI† esA-kaehg (kkn – ®bEhlcg'sMedAeTAelI
s- exg) VnbJÇa[xM∆¨eFI√Gn†raKmn_ nigedIm∫IEs√grkdMeNaH®saybJ˙a .
KWehtudUec~H‰gehIy eTIbxM∆¨VnCYbelaksIum nigelakkuk .
xM∆¨enAcS e®kayeBlxM∆¨Vn®bmUlehAG~kTSgbImkCYbCMuK~abni†c, elakkuk
Vnb†wgxM∆¨GMBIelaksIumeVk®Vs'luykak'Kat' . elaksIumminenAk~¨g®bCMu
eT . elakkukVnniyaypgEdrfa Kat'x¬acelaksIum BIe®JHelaksIum ®b
Ehl[eK®tUverobcMsm¬ab'Kat' ehIyKat'k*mincg'vil®tLb'eTA®sukExµrvij
Edr . kar®bCuMenHeFI√enAswg˙bUrI . mun®bCMu, xM∆¨VnCYbCamYyelakkukCae®cIn
dg ehIynigk*VnTTYlsMbu®tBIelakkukenA‰®sukExµrpgEdr . elaksIu
mVnxatbg'vinieyaKTunrbs'Kat'y"age®cInenAk~¨gKMeragkar ehIycg'dkx¬Á
necjedaykarlk'GaKar . Kat'VnesI~lk'GaKarEckhflunK~a . kar®Bme®Bo
gVneFI√k~¨gGnusßarN:®Bme®Bog (MOU) mYy ehIyman®bfab'®tardΩaPiV
lpg . BIe®JHkarminTukcit†K~aeTAvijeTAmk, xM∆¨k*eFI√CaP~ak'garlk' nigeXas
napßaydMNwg edaydak'elxTUrs&BÊrbs'xM∆¨CacMNucTak'Tgk~¨gkarlk' .
kart´f¬Tijk*VnTTYlmk EteyIgBMuGaclk'Vn BIe®JHt´m¬lk'ecHEtdM-
eLIgCanicç . enHmYyEp~k BIe®JHe®kayeBlelaksIum®tUveKsm¬ab' ®bBnÏ
rbs'Kat'eLIgkan'kab' ehIynigTak'TgpÊal'CamYyPaKI2epßgeTot . dUec~H
sƒanPaBBMup†l'[xM∆¨lk'GaKarVneLIy . karrkSrkUs®bTSg®beTIsK~aVn
bn†rhUtmkTl'Jk'kN†alq~S2004 xM∆¨k*Tm¬ak'ecaleTA . xM∆¨Gs'cit†nwgb-
J˙arbs'BYkeK ehIye®kAGMBIenH xM∆¨k*manbJ˙apÊal'x¬Ány"age®cInnaeBlenaH
pgEdr .⁄