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Heart Pacemaker
A pacemaker is a small device that is implanted under the skin to help regulate an irregular or slow heartbeat. It senses the heart's rhythm and sends electrical signals to keep it beating at a normal pace. The first attempts to treat irregular heartbeats with electric shocks occurred in 1788. The first fully implantable pacemaker was developed in 1958. Modern pacemakers have leads that carry electrical signals from the generator to the heart and can adapt pacing to meet metabolic demands. Future technologies include pacemakers that are MRI-safe, have longer battery life, and can be monitored wirelessly.
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Heart Pacemaker
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- 2. Presentation Topics 01 02 03 04 What isHeart pacemaker? Historical timeline Theory Future Technologies
- 3. What is Heartpacemaker? 01
- 4. Heart Pacemaker 01 A pacemakeris a small, battery-operated device. This device senses when your heart is beating irregularly or too slowly. It sends a signal to your heart that makes your heart beat at the correct pace.
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- 7. Timeline 1788 First attempts to treatirregular heartbeats with an electric shock 02
- 8. Timeline 19321788 First attempts to treatirregular heartbeats with an electric shock A. Hyman invents a hand-cranked device and coins the term “artificial pacemaker” 02
- 9. Timeline 195819321788 First attempts to treatirregular heartbeats with an electric shock A. Hyman invents a hand-cranked device and coins the term “artificial pacemaker” First use of a fully implantable pacemaker by R. Elmqvist and Å. Senning 02
- 10. Timeline 1982195819321788 First attempts to treatirregular heartbeats with an electric shock A. Hyman invents a hand-cranked device and coins the term “artificial pacemaker” First use of a fully implantable pacemaker by R. Elmqvist and Å. Senning A. Rickards introduces rate-modulated pacemakers that adapt the heart rate to demand 02
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- 12. Theory Pacemakers may beused for people who have heart problems that cause their heart to beat too slowly. A slow heartbeat is called bradycardia. Two common problems that cause a slow heartbeat are sinus node disease and heart block. A pacemaker is impla nted under the skin, just under the collarbone. • The generator contains the battery and the information to control the heartbeat. • The leads are wires that connect the heart to the generator and carry the electrical messages to the heart. 03
- 13. Theory Pacemakers consist oftwo components: • Electronic pulse generator; contain the circuitry and batteries that determine the rate (beat per minute) and the strength or output ( milliamperes) of the electrical stimulus delivered to the heart . • Pacemaker electrodes ( leads); which carry the impulse created by the generator to the heart. 1. Endocardial leads. 2. Epicardial wires. 03
- 14. Theory Uses a speciallydesigned lead placed usually on the posterior-lateral wall of the LV via the Coronary Sinus circulation. • Provides RV and LV synchronous pacing. • Provides a rate to support metabolic needs. • CRT pacing only (Low-Power CRT) 03 Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy-Pacing (CRT-P) :-- Permanent pacemaker
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- 17. Future • Tracking devicedata and patient health through wireless remote monitoring systems. • Models that are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-safe. • Longer battery life and technology to help reduce pacing requirements to conserve battery power. • New data recording functionality to provide more information on patient health and device status. • The introduction of single-chamber, transcatheter-delivered, leadless pacemaker systems. 04
- 18. References • http://www.medtronic.com/us-en/about/news/micra-fda- approval.html • DavidGeselowitz, Dorin Panescu, Max Valentinuzzi, and Alex Zapolansky of the STARS Editorial Board and the History Ce nter staff of the IEEE History Center. • https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007369.htm
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