health agencies around the world an overview .

1. HEALTH AGENCIES AROUND
THE WORLD

2. HEALTH AGENCIES AROUND THE
WORLD
DEPT. OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
2
GUIDED BY : PRESENTED BY :
DR.PROF. SUMA .B.S ( H.O.D ) DIKSHA CHAUDHARY
DR. SADANANDA.L.D (GUIDE) 1ST YEAR P.G (B.I.D.S.H)

3. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Objectives Of International
Health Organizations
• International Health Agencies
• Other United Nations Agencies
• Health Work Of Bilateral Agencies
• Non – Governmental And Other Agencies
• Indian Voluntary Health Agencies
• Conclusion
• References
18/9/2019 "MEDICINE IS ONE OF THEPILLARSOF PEACE" 3

4. "MEDICINEIS ONE OF THEPILLARSOF PEACE"18/9/2019 4
INTRODUCTION

5. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
• ‘Geographic medicine’ or ‘Global health’.
• It is a field of health care, usually with emphasis
towards public health dealing with health across
regional and international boundaries.
18/9/2019 "MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF PEACE" 5

6. BACKGROUND
INTRODUCTION
• Health and diseases has no political boundaries.
• Disease in any part of the world is a threat to
other countries.
• History replete with Examples Of spread of
Pestilences (Plague and Cholera) along trade routes.
18/9/2019 "MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF PEACE" 6

7. • In order to protect spread of disease , attempts had
been made to place barriers against infection by
detection and isolation of travelers.
• In 14th Century a procedure Quarantine was
introduced in Europe to protect importation of
disease.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF PEACE"
7

8. • Quarantine soon became an established practice.
• But, later opposition came  40 days  long
period and caused inconvenience for international trade
and travelers.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
8

9. • Quarantine failed in its objective because lack of
scientific knowledge.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
9
•This was ORIGIN of international healthwork.

10. • It became necessary for international agreement and
cooperation on QUARANTINE matters to control
communicable disease.
• Thus, International Conferences were held and organizations
were set up to discussions, agreement and cooperation
on matters of international health.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
10

11. 18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
11

12. Objectives Of International Health
Organizations
1. Control and management of epidemics and communicable
diseases, affecting more than one country.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
12

13. 2.Exchange of health information and experience at
international level including a central medical
intelligence bureau, fellowship programmes
and publications.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
13

14. 3.International standardization of biological preparations,
statistics and banned drugs, etc.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
14

15. 4.Coordinated combined research and assistance to research
programmes on specific problems, which are
common to many nations.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
15

16. 5.Helping and assisting underdeveloped countries in training
the health staff, medical planning so as to
manage and control the epidemics.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
16

17. 6.International health in case of disasters and also
consideration for control of drug addiction.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
17

18. Sn EARLY HEALT ORGANIZATIONS YEAR
1. First International Sanitary Conference 1851
2. Pan American Sanitary Bureau 1902
3. Office International D’Hyegiene Publique 1907
4. The Health Organizations of League of
Nations
1923
5. The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration
1943
6. Birth of WHO 1948
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
18

19. FIRST INTERNATIONAL
SANITARY CONFERENCE
(PARIS - 1851)
• Attended mainly by Europian countries: Austria, France, Great
Britain, Greece, Portugal, Russia, Spain and four
Sovereign States (Sardinia, the two Sicilies and
Tuscany) & Turkey.
• Objective: To bring some order and uniformity in the
quarantine measures.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
19

20. • Prepared an International Sanitary Code containing 137
articles dealing with cholera, plague and yellow
fever  but never came into existence.
• Further, 10 other conferences were held between 1851 –
1902 for the same purpose but were equally
unsuccessful.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
20

21. PAN AMERCIAN
SANITARY BUREAU
(PASB) (AMERICA – 1902)
• First International Health Agency.
• Intended to coordinate quarantine procedure in
American States.
• Pan American Sanitary Code signed in 1924  Still in force
between the states.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
21

22. • 1947 Bureau was re-organized and called the
‘Pan American Sanitary Organization’ (PASO)
• 1958  re-named  Pan American Health
Organization (PAHO)
•  since then PAHO has grown as major health agency 
headquarters in Washington, D.C.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
22

23. OFFICE INTERNATIONAL
D’HYGIENE PUBLIQUE
(OIHP) (PARIS – 1907)
• International Sanitary conference lead to the
establishment of a Permanent International Health Bureau
(1903).
• OIHP AKA “Paris Office” started to disseminate
information on communicable diseases and supervised
international quarantine measures.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
23

24. • OIHP and PASB joined together.
• British India and 60+ countries joined OIHP.
• Continued to exist until the 1950 and
was taken over by the WHO.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
24

25. THE HEALTH
ORGANIZATIONS OF
THE LEAGUE OF
NATIONS (1923)
• After first World War - I (1914 - 1918)  the League of
Nations was established to build a better world.
• League of Nations include – ‘Health Organization’ which
took steps in matters of international concern for
prevention and control of disease.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
25

26. • Not concerned only with quarantine.But, branched
out into various fields of nutrition, housing, rural hygiene,
training of healthworkers etc.
• League analyzed epidemiological information and
started the series of periodical epidemiological reports now
issued by WHO.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
26

27. • Till second world war the three co-existed (OIHP,
PASB and HO)
• In 1939, League of Nations dissolved, but its Health
Organization in Geneva continued to publish Weekly
Epidemiological Reports.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
27

28. THE UNITED NATIONS RELIEF
AND REHABILITATION
ADMINISTRATION (UNRRA)
(1943)
• Purpose  organize recovery from the effect of World
War- II.
• Had a health division to care of health to the millions
displaced, to restore and help services and to revive machinery
to aid the exchange of information on epidemic
diseases.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
28

29. • Did outstanding work of preventing the spread of
typhus and other diseases.
• Assistance to malaria control in Italy and Greece.
• 1946  taken over by InterimCommission of the WHO.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
29

30. Kit kat break
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
30

31. BIRTH OF THE WHO
• In April 1945  Conference at San Francisco 
United Nation was formed.
• 7 th April 1948 – WHO was born.
• WorldHealth Day - 7 th April
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
31

32. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
(WHO)
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
32

33. Rene sand (1877-1953)
• WHO Is a specialized, non-political,
Inter–governmental health agency of United Nations.
• Its constitution came into force on 7 th April 1948 . (Rene
Sand - Chairman)
• Which is celebrated as “WorldHealth Day.”
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
33

34. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
(WHO)
• Headquarter – Geneva, Switzerland.
• It’s a part of UN, not subordinate to it.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
34

35. 1. It is unique among the UN specialized agencies that
it has own constitution,
governing bodies,
members and budget.
2. Each member contributes to the budget and is thus
entitled to its services
and also has a rightto vote.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
35

36. OBJECTIVE
• “Attainment by all people of the highest level of
health.”
• Current objective –
“Attainment by the all people of the world
a level of health that will permit them to
lead a socially and economically productive
life.”
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
36

37. • “Health is a state of complete physical,
mental and social well-being and not merely
absence of disease or infirmity.”
• “The enjoyment of highest attainable
standard of health is one of the fundamental
rights of every human being without distinction of
race, religion, political belief, economic and social
conditions.”
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
37

38. MEMBERSHIP
• Open to all countries.
• Most nations are members of UN and WHO.
(except Switzerland – member of WHO only)
• In 1948, the WHO had 56 members.
• Now has 194 members states and two associate
members.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
38

39. FUNCTIONS OF WHO
• First Constitutional Function is to act as the directing and coordinating
authority in all International health work.
1.Prevention and control of specific diseases.
2. Development of comprehensive health services.
3. Family Health.
4. Environmental Health.
5. Health Statistics.
6. Biomedical Research.
7. Health Literature and Information.
8. Cooperation with other organizations.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
39

40. 18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
40

41. 1. Prevention and control of
specific diseases
• Epidemiological surveillance of communicable
disease and to Collects and disseminate
information on diseases subject to International
Health Regulation, through
ATRS – AutomaticTelex Reply System.
WER - Weekly Epidemiological Record.
• Non-communicable disease – Cancer, CVS, DM,
mental disorders, drug addiction.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
41

42. 2. Development of
Comprehensive Health Services.
• Function is to promote and support development of
National health policy and National Health
Programs.
• Organizing health system based on Primary
health Care.
• Appropriate Technology for Health
(ATH) is a new programme to encourage self
sufficiency in Primary health Care.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
42

43. 3. Family Health
• Major programme activities of WHO since 1970.
• Subdivided into  Maternal and child health
care (MCH), human reproduction, nutrition, and
health education.
• Chief concern  improvement of the quality of life of the
family as a unit.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
43

44. 4. Environmental Health
• Advisory to govts – Sanitary services.
• Protection of quality of air, water and food, Health
conditions at work, Radiation protection, Detection
of new hazards from new technological
developments.
• WHO Environmental Health Criteria
Programme.
• WHO Environmental Health Monitoring
Programme.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
44

45. 5. Health Statistics
1. Since 1947, morbidity and mortality statistics are published in
a) WeeklyEpidemiologicalRecords.
b) WorldHealthStatisticsQuarterly.
c) WorldHealth StatisticsAnnual.
2. Statistics from different countries should be comparable hence, WHO
publishes- International Classification of Diseases. (Updated in every
10 years. 10th revision- 1993 )
3. Assistance is provided to countries to improve their medical records and
help in planning and operation of National Health Information Systems.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
45

46. 6. Bio-Medical Research
• WHO Stimulates and coordinates research work.
• Worldwide network of  WHO collaborating centers .
• For promoting research  WHO awards grants to researchers
and research institutions •
• Regional Advisory Committees  define regional health
priorities.
• Global Advisory Committees  deals with policy issues.
• Target of WHO special programs for research and training: Six
diseases  malaria, schistosomiasis, trypanosomiasis, filariasis,
leishmaniasis and leprosy.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
46

47. 7. Health Literature and
Information
• WHO LIBRARY Satellite center of Medical Literature
Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLARS).
• Public information services are found both at
headquarters and six regional offices.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
47

48. 8. Cooperation with other organizations.
• Collaborates with UN and other specialized
agencies.
• WHO maintains working relationships  with
a number of International Government Organizations
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
48

49. 18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
49

50. WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
• “Health Parliament” of Nations and the supreme
governing body of the organization.
• Meets annually at headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.
• Health Assembly appoints “Director general” on
the nomination of Executive board.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
50

51. FUNCTIONS:
1. To determine international health policy and
programs.
2. To review the work of the past.
3. To approve the budget for following year.
4. To elect Member States to serve for 3 years
on the Executive Board.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
51

52. THE EXECUTIVE
BOARD
• Board now has 34 members  each designated by a “Member
State”.
• Should have at least 3 persons from each WHO region.
• Meets twice a year. ( Jan and may)
• To give effect to the decisions and policies of the Assembly.
• Has power to take decisions  Emergencies.
E.g. Earthquakes, epidemics, floods etc.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
52

53. THE
SECRETARIAT
• Headed by Director General - chief technical and administrative
officer of the organization.
• Assisted by 5 Assistant Director Generals at the headquarters.
FUNCTION:
• To provide technical and managerial support for their national
health development programs.
WHO STAFF  In 1948 – 250  in 2010 - 8000
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
53

54. WHO Secretariat comprises of 14
different divisions
1. Division of epidemiological surveillance and health
situation and trend assessment.
2. Division of communicable diseases.
3. Division of vector biology and control.
4. Division of environmental health.
5. Division of public information and education for
health.
6. Division of mental health.
7. Division of budget and finance etc.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
54

55. WHO Secretariat comprises of 14
different divisions
1. Division of strengthening of health services.
2. Division of family health.
3. Division of non-communicable diseases.
4. Division of health manpower and
development.
5. Division of information system support.
6. Division of personal and general services.
7. Division of budget and finance
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
55

56. WHO Regional Organizations
SN REGION HEADQUATERS
1. SOUTHEASTASIAREGIONS NEWDELHI
2. AFRICA BRAZZAVILLECONGO
3. THEAMERICANS WASHINGTOND.C(U.S.A)
4. EUROPE COPENHAGEN
(DENMARK)
5. EASTERNMEDITERRIANEAN ALEXANDRIA(EGYPT)
6. WESTERNPACIFIC MANILA(PHILLIPINES)
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
56

57. KIT KAT BREAK
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
57

58. OTHER UNITED NATION
AGENCIES
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
58

59. • United Nations International Children’s
Emergency Fund
• Specialized agency of United Nations
Established  1946
• To deal with rehabilitation of children in war
ravaged countries.
• 30 nations executive board.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
59

60. • Now, United Nation’s Children’s Fund  UNICEF Head
Quarters  New York.
• Works in collaboration with WHO, UNDP, FAO.
• Early years, worked with WHO  urgent problems
Malaria, TB etc.
• Country Health Program focuses on “whole child.”18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
60

61. 18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
61

62. SERVICES PROVIDED
• Child Health
• Child Nutrition
• Family and Child Welfare
• Education (Formal & Non Formal)
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
62

63. 1. CHILD HEALTH:
• Provides aid for the production of vaccines and sera.
• Assisted environmental sanitation programs for safe and
sufficient waterfor drinking and household work.
• Providing Primary Health Care: Mother and Children
(immunization, infant and young child care, family
planning, safe water and adequate sanitation)
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
63

64. 2. CHILD NUTRITION
• 1950’s  Low cost protein rich foods
• Along with FAO  began “appliednutrition.”
• E.g. agriculture extension, helped population to grow and eat food for better
nutrition.
• Supplied equipment's for modern dairy plant to various countries.
• Provision of large dose of VitaminA ( xerophthalmia is prevalent)
• Enrichment of salt with iodine in regions with endemic goiter.
• Provision of iron and folicacid to combat anaemias
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
64

65. 3. FAMILY AND CHILD
WELFARE
• Improve the care of children both within and
outside their homes by giving parent education,
opening day care centers, child welfare and youth agencies
and women’s club for training.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
65

66. 4. EDUCATION – FORMAL
AND NON - FORMAL
• Works in collaboration with UNESCO.
• Currently, GOBI campaign is being promoted to
encourage the following 4 strategies for “Child
Health Revolution.”
18/9/2019 "MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF PEACE" 66

67. 18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
67

68. UNICEF’S G.O.B.I
1. Growth Monitoring:- which could help mothers to prevent
most child malnutrition before it begins.
2. Oral Rehydration: which could save more than 4 million
young children who now die each year from diarrheal
dehydration.
3. Breast Feeding: Which can ensure that infants have the best
possible food and a considerable degree of immunity
from common infections during the first six months of
life.
4. Immunization: Which can protect a child against measles,
diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, tuberculosis, and
polio.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
68

69. UNITED NATIONS
DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMME (UNDP)
• UNDP (1966) – Main source of funds for technical
assistance. Helps poorer nations develop their
human and natural resources.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
69

70. UN FUNDS FOR
POPULATIONS ACTIVITIES
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
70

71. • FAO (1945) – Chief aims are to raise the living standards; improve
nutrition; increase efficiency of farming, forestry, fisheries; and to
better the living conditions of rural people, thus widening the
opportunity for all to indulge in productive work.
• FFHC (Freedom from Hunger Campaign) (1960 )– To combat malnutrition and
to spread awareness.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
71

72. • I.L.O (1919) – as an affiliate to the League of
Nations to improve the living and working
conditions of the working class. Its purpose was
to establish peace, improve international action,
labour conditions, and the living standards.
•
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
72

73. WORLD BANK
• Governed by ‘Board of Directors’.
• Funds projects concerned with electric power,
roads, railways, health, agriculture, family planning
etc.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
73

74. BILATERAL AGENCIES
• The US Government presently extends aid to India through three
agencies :
• United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
• The Public Law 480 (Food for Peace) Programme and
• The US Export-Import Bank.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
74

75. USAID (US Agency for International
Development)
3rd Nov 1961 by President John F. Kennedy.
• Objective: better future for all.
• It supports long-term and equitable economic growth
and advances US foreign policy.
• Operates in 26 countries and territories in Asia,
Middle east & North Africa.
• The US has been assisting in projects designed to
improve the health of India’s people. These are -
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
75

76. 1) Malaria eradication
2) Medical education
3) Nursing education
4) Health education
5) Water supply and sanitation
6) Control of communicable diseases
7) Nutrition , and
8) Family planning
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
76

77. Swedish Agency For International
Development And Cooperation (SIDA) :
• Goal: to contribute to the possibility of poor people in improving their
living conditions.
• It is a global organization with its head office in Sweden and field offices
in some 50 countries.
• In India, SIDA is assisting the National Tuberculosis
Programme since 1979. The assistance is usually spent on
supplies like X – ray unit, microscopes and anti-tuberculosis
drugs.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
77

78. Danish International Development
Agency (DANIDA) :
• The Government of Denmark is providing
assistance for the development of services under
National Blindness Control Programme since 1978.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
78

79. Non – Governmental And Other
Agencies
• Rockefeller Foundation
• Ford Foundation
• CARE (Co-operative for Assistance and Relief
Everywhere)
• International Red Cross
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
79

80. ROCKFELLAR
FOUNDATION :
• It is an US-based global philanthropy committed
to enriching and sustaining the lives and
livelihoods of poor and excluded people
throughout the world, chartered in 1913 and
endowed by Mr. John D. Rockfellar.
 Accomplishments :
1. Established first schools of public health.
2. Providing early support in the United states for
education
3. Developing vaccine to prevent yellow fever.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
80

81. Ford Foundation
• Active in the development of rural health services and
family planning.
 Helped in following projects in India –
1) Orientation training centres – at Singur, Poonamalle
and Najafgarh; provide training courses in public
health for medical and paramedical personnel from all
over India.
2) Research cum – action projects – aimed at solving
basic problems in environmental sanitation.
3) Pilot projects in rural health services, Gandhigram
(Tamil Nadu).
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
81

82. 4)Establishment of NIHAE (National
Institute Of Health Administration And
Education) at Delhi.
5) Calcutta water supply and drainage
scheme
6)Family planning programmes
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
82

83. Cooperative For Assistance and
Relief Everywhere (CARE):
• Founded in North America in 1945.
• Works to reduce poverty.
• One of the world’s largest independent, non –
profit, non – sectarian international relief and
development organization.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
83

84. INDIAN VOLUNTARY HEALTH
AGENCIES
Occupational Health and Safety Centre:
• A voluntary organization dedicated to ensure a
healthier workplace for workers and also provide
medical checkup.
Nirmaya Health Foundation:
• A non-profit, community – based NGO, a group of
health workers which serves the under privileged
communities in the urban slums of Mumbai city.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
84

85. Child Welfare and Holistic Organization:
• A nonprofit organization working for child welfare
and rural development.
Bombay Leprosy Project :
Regional organization working towards the goal of a “
world without leprosy”.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
85

86. • Tamil Nadu Corporation of Women Ltd. :
• A government undertaking with a mission to build the
capacity of poor and disadvantaged women.
• Child in Need Institute :
• Working for sustainable development among poor
communities of kolkata.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
86

87. Shroff’s Foundation Trust :
• An NGO providing supportive services in implementation of
interventions in diverse areas such as rural development,
health, agriculture, etc.
Brahma Kumaris :
Spiritual organization providing educational courses in human,
moral and spiritual values.
Anadlok : Welfare Centre for Mentally Handicapped :
Welfare centre for mentally handicapped people.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
87

88. • INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS - An international
humanitarian movement started to protect
human life and health to ensure respect for the
human being; and to prevent and alleviate
human suffering, without any discrimination
based on race, religion etc.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
88

89. WORLD HEALTH DAY THEMES
• 2018 UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE:EVERYONE,
EVERYWHERE’
• 2017 DEPRESSION :LET’S TALK
• 2016BEAT DIABETES
• 2015 FOOD SAFETY
• 2014  VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES
• 2013 HEALTHY BLOOD PRESSURE
• 2012 AGEING AND HEALTH
• 2011  ANTI-MICROBIAL RESISTANCE
• 2010 URBANIZATION AND HEALTH
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
89

90. • 2009 SAVE LIVES. MAKE HOSPITALS SAFE IN
EMERGENCIES.
• 2008  PROTECTING HEALTH FROM THE ADVERSE
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
• 2007 INVEST IN HEALTH, BUILD A SAFER FUTURE
• 2006 WORKING TOGETHER FOR HEALTH
• 2005 MAKE EVERY MOTHER AND CHILD COUNT
• 2004 ROAD SAFETY
• 2003HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS FOR CHILDREN
• 2002MOVE FOR HEALTH
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
90

91. CONCLUSION
Gradually international health collaboration came
into existence, to counteract emergence of new
dimensions of disease and health related
problems.
WHO certainly did help in promoting interest in
global health and contributed significantly to
the dissemination of new concepts and ideas to
serve and establish health of world’s
population.
18/9/2019 "MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF PEACE" 91

92. References
• Park K. Park’s Textbook Of Preventive And
Social Medicine. Bhanot Publishers, 24th
edition, (2017),958-965.
• Hiremath SS. Textbook Of Public Health Dentistry. Elsevier
publication, 3rd edition, 80-87.
• Dunning James Morse. Principles of
Dental Public Health. 3rd edition, 588 –
592.
• Cm marya a textbook of public health
dentistry ,1st edition ,chap 7: 61-74.
18/9/2019
"MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF
PEACE"
92

93. 18/9/2019 "MEDICINE IS ONE OF THE PILLARS OF PEACE" 93