The document discusses the Harlem Renaissance, which was a period in the 1920s and 1930s when Harlem, New York became a center of African American culture and art. It led to major developments in African American literature, music, dance, visual art, film, and political thought. Key events that influenced the Renaissance included the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural South to northern cities, the growth of an urban black middle class, and civil rights movements led by figures like W.E.B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey.