Radio pharmacuticals are the compounds and substances that emits radiation and which are used in the pharmacy are called as radiopharmaceuticals. The process of emitting radiation by the radioactive isotopes is called as RADIOACTIVITY. Egs:uranium-238 isotope cobalit-60 gallium etc.

1. PACKING AND STORAGE
RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
Presented by:Dr.S.Shafiya Tabassum
DOCTOR OF PHARMACY
Dr.k.v.Subba Reddy Institute of PHARMACY

2. RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS

3. • Radio pharmaceuticals is derived from two words radio active and
pharmaceuticals.
• It is medicinal product containing
1.Radiotracer
2.Radionuclide.
• Radiotracer:It is present in minute quantity which is not intended for
pharmacological action.
• Radionuclide:Itvis an radioactive components of radio
pharmaceuticals.
• It is unstable species containing specific atomic number and
responsible for emissions of rays

4. RADIOPHARMACY:
The service and unit from where vthe radio pharmaceuticals are provided is called
radio pharmacy.
Radio pharmacy is also called as hot laboratory because of processing of radio
active materials.
RADIO PHARMACIST:
The person who is rendered in this service is called radio pharmacist.
Radio pharmacist is the person responsible for the formulation and dispensing
prescribed radioactive traces in aspects of radio PHARMACY.
Radio pharmacist must have trained in the following areas of radio
pharmaceuticals.:
1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2. MODES OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY
3. TECHNOLOGY &QUALITY CONTROL.
4. ASPECTS OF STRUCTURE OF MATTER.

5. Nuclear pharmacy:
Radioactive service is rendered from a division of hospital pharmacy called nuclear
pharmacy.
It is defined as patient oriented service that embodies the scientific knowledge and
professional judgement required to improve and promote health through safe ans
effective use of radioactive drugs for therapeutic and diagnosis purpose.
Nuclear pharmacy service entails the following:
1. Procurement of radio pharmaceuticals
2. Compounding of radio pharmaceuticals
3. Performance of quality control procedure
4. Distribution of radio pharmaceuticals
5. Dispensing of radio pharmaceuticals
6. Monitoring of patients outcome
7. Research and development of radio pharmaceuticals

6. RADIO PHARMACEUTICALS:
Compounds or substances that emits radiation and which are used in pharmacy are
called radio pharmaceuticals.
Similar words are used for the substances like radio isotopes, radio nuclide.
The process of emitting radiation by unstable isotopes is known as radioactivity and
this type of isotopes are called radioactive isotopes.
Eg:1) The most common form of radioactive isotopes is called URANIUM
238isotope.
2) cobalt-60 -The high energy gamma radiation emitted by cobalt 60 isotopes are
directed at cancerous rumors and cells are burnt.
3) Gallium etc.
How do radio pharmaceuticals work:
Radio pharmaceuticals are introduced into patients body by injection, swallowing,
or inhalation.
Amount ingested is very small.

7. The pharmaceutical part of radio pharmaceuticals are designed to go to a specific
place in the body where there could be a disease site or abnormalities.
The radioactive part of pharmaceutical that emits radiation know as gamma rays
(similar to x rays) is detected using a special camera called gamma camera.
This camera allows nuclear physician pyo see what happens inside patients body
During this procedure patient is asked to lie down on bed and then gamma camera
is placed few inches over the patients body.
Pictures are taken over few minutes. These images allow experts nuclear medicine
physician to diagnose patients disease.

10. PACKING OF RADIO PHARMACEUTICALS:
There are 3types of packing for radio pharmaceuticals. They are:
1. Industrial packing.
2. Type A packing
3. Type B packing.
4. INDUSTRIAL PACKING:
• Industrial packing is done for the materials that are present in little hazardous
form radiation exposure.
• Substances having low level of radioactivity are shipped in industrial package.
• Eg:slightly contaminates clothes.
1. Laboratory samples.
2. Smoke detector.

13. Egs of Type -A packing:1) Nucleonic gauge source
2) Brachytherapy.
3) Nuclear medicine source for diagnosis and therapeutic
purpose.
There are regulations providing for limits on activity which can be transported inA1
and A2 forms.
A1-is maximum activity of radioactive material in special form.
A2--is maximum activity of radioactive materials not in special forms.
These types of packing is used to transport in medical use.
TYPE C PACKING:
The radioactive materials with very high radioactivity are packed as type C.
It is designed in such a way that they can assist any sort of accident conditions.

23. S. No Transport Index Maximum Radiation Level Label category
01 0 </=0.005mSv/h White-I
02 >0<1 >0.005mSv/h but
</=0.5mSv/h
Yellow-II
03 >1<10 >0.5mSV/h but < 2mSV/h Yellow-III
04 >19 >2mSV/h but </= 10mSV/h Yellow-III

31. PROFESSIONAL RELATIONS AND
PRACTICES OF HOSPITAL
PHARMACISTS

32. The profession of pharmacy exists to safeguard
the health of the public.
. The pharmacist is one who is licensed to prepare and dispense
medications, counsel patients, and monitor outcomes pursuant to a
prescription from a licensed health professional.
. Pharmacists work primarily in community and hospital pharmacies
s Other fields - managed care, mail-order
pharmacy, home healthcare, long-term care, nuclear pharmacy,
academia, drug information, sales, marketing, or research.

33. A hospital pharmacy is an institutional pharmacy that dispenses and
prepares drugs and provides clinical services in a hospital setting.
One fourth of all pharmacists work in a hospital
setting :
▪ an institution that offers 24-hour healthcare service; that has six or more
beds, a governing authority, and an organized medical staff; and that
offers nursing and pharmacy services carries out the functions of
maintaining drug treatment records and ordering, stocking, compounding,
epackaging, and dispensing medications and other supplies .

34. • The pharmacy technician in a hospital setting :
▪ takes part in functions involving delivery,stocking, or
inventorying of medications anywhere in the hospital
▪ may operate manual or computerized robotic dispensing
machinery
Hospital pharmacies (and drugstore chains) are more
likely than community pharmacies to require that
pharmacy technicians be certified.

35. Dispenses oral medications.
. Prepares and dispenses parenteral medications.
. Sometimes specializes, with advanced training in an
area of patient care.
. Educates and counsels patients.
. Provides drug information.
. Administers a department
▪ develops policies and procedures
▪ purchases drugs and supplies
▪ monitors drug use in the hospital

36. According to code of ethics, to assist members in maintaining proper
professional conduct while carrying out their duties as hospital pharmacists.
. It is divided into five parts, each specifying a hospital
pharmacist's proper relationship:-
1. with the general public and patients.
2.with the pharmacy profession and fellow
pharmacists.
3. with the members of other health care
professions.
4. with the hospital or the employing institution.
5. with the pharmaceutical industry.

37. With the general public and patients:
- observe the laws, and in particular those related to the practice of pharmacy
- regard the health and safety of patients as his/her prime concern, and respect
the confidentiality of patients' information;
- refuse to manufacture, supply or lend support to the promotion of substandard
preparations or other unworthy products;
- to assist and educate patients and the general public on matters related to the
usage of drugs and pharmaceutical products.
With the pharmacy profession and fellow pharmacists:
-uphold the honour and dignity of the pharmacy profession .
-endeavour to provide and maintain hospital pharmacy services up to the
highest standard of the profession.

38. -assist fellow pharmacists with information and advice
With the members of other health care professions:
- collaborate with members of other health care professions in order to optimize
patient care.
-provide unbiased, scientifically-based information related to drugs and
pharmaceutical products to other health care professionals.
-not publicly criticize the ability or performance of other health care
professionals, although matters concerning drugs and pharmaceutical products
may be expressed in private to the professional involved.

39. With the hospital or the employing institution:
- observe the policies and standards of the hospital or the employing institution
and act in its best interest.
- not agree to practice under any working condition which may interfere with
his/her professional autonomy nor impose such conditions on their
pharmacists.
With the pharmaceutical industry.
-act honorably in dealings with members of the pharmaceutical industry.
-not associate himself/herself with the advertisement of pharmaceutical
products.

40. TODAY'S PHARMACIST:
1. Dispense and compound drugs.
2. Gather information about patients.
3. Counsel patients about necessary adverse effects and side effects.
4. Monitoring for drug interactions.
5. Screen, Monitor and advice forfor self treatment with over the counter drugs.
Products sold without prescription.
6. Provide drugs information to other healthcare professionals.
7. Advice on home health care supplies and other medications.

41. THANKS YOU!