This presentation discusses how halophytes can help address several environmental issues including water scarcity, environmental injustice, and problems with industrial agriculture. It defines halophytes as salt-tolerant plants that can grow in salt water or on land irrigated with salt water, and notes they do not require freshwater, fertilizers or regular irrigation. The presentation suggests halophytes could help alleviate issues related to water scarcity in areas with limited freshwater access, help reduce pollution and exposure to toxins for communities affected by environmental injustice located near industrial farms, and provide a more sustainable crop alternative to industrial agriculture. It encourages individuals to reduce their water usage, support B Corporations, educate themselves, and consider using halophytes for

1. Halophytes for Social and
Environmental Justice
Tori Martin
Flagler College 2020

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Natural and human-made disasters
are wreaking havoc on our planet.
We are on track to living in a world filled with
environmental injustices for all.
2
Earth Crises

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Problem #1: Water Scarcity
These sources are
scattered all over the
globe
These areas have less
access, if any access, to
freshwater
Water covers 71% of
the planet but only 3%
is freshwater
Freshwater is found in
rivers, lakes,
underground aquifers
Certain communities
are located in water-
poor areas
And only 1% of the
freshwater is available for
human consumption
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Problem #2: Environmental Injustice
The disproportionate impact of
environmental hazards on people of
color
Exposure to hazardous water, waste,
air, pollutants, and chemicals
What is environmental injustice?
What is environmental racism?
Types of environmental racism
Some communities are
disproportionately subjected to
higher levels of environmental risk
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Problem #3: Industrial Agriculture
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And a third of the food
produced with this water
is wasted or thrown away
These chemicals pollute
bodies of water and the
planet as a whole
In water supplies, the air,
and even the food that is
produced
Often healthy food is out
of reach for certain
demographics
92% of water
consumption is spent
on the agriculture
industry
Farms drain the
equivalent of 3.3 billion
Olympic-sized pools
every year
Industrial farming
uses harmful
pesticides and
fertilizers
Responsible for
exposing communities
and workers to toxic
waste and chemicals
Industrial farms do
not produce enough
nutritious food
Out of the 1% of water
available for human
consumption

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The Solution: Halophytes
Save freshwater
Don’t require irrigation or
freshwater
A lot of halophytes
are edible
Quinoa, wild rice,
Salicornia…
Act as natural filters
that pull CO2 out of
the atmosphere
Certain halophytes can
also act as a natural
barrier
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What are Halophytes?
Environmentally tolerant
plants that can survive
harsh conditions
Can grow in salt water or on land
and be irrigated with salt water
Salt tolerance
“[They have] evolved mechanisms at
the root, leaf, and cell levels for thriving
in the presence of seawater…the cells
that make up the outer layer of the
roots are impervious to salt,”
(Henderson & Long, 2020).
Uses for halophytes
Can be eaten, used for jet fuel,
pull CO2 out of the atmosphere
and replenish malnourished soil
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Halophytes and
Freshwater
o Since halophytes are tolerant of
harsh environmental conditions,
they can thrive in areas that may
be suffering from freshwater
scarcity
o Water-poor areas have a lack of
fresh water supply and may need
to delegate what little freshwater
they have to other uses such as
drinking in bathing instead of being
used for irrigating crops

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Halophytes and
Environmental Injustice
o Groups affected by environmental
racism and injustice are often lower
socioeconomic
o could help ease the harsh issues associated
with environmental injustice because they
are cheap and easy to grow and also
nutritious 9

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Halophytes and Industrial Agriculture
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o Halophytes do not require fertilizers
o Do not need to be regularly irrigated
o Can be planted around CAFOs to help
lessen pollution
o Can be used as a crop that serves multiple
purposes
o Food
o Animal feed
o Replenishes soil

11. Your Logo or Name Here
What Can You Do?
 Reduce your water consumption
 Be aware of how much water you use
 Consume consciously
 B Corporations
 Use halophytes
 Food
 Plants
 Educate yourself
 What’s going in your community
 How can you get involved
 Share this presentation
 Check out Ethical Markets Media LLC and other
Certified B Corporations working towards a green
future
 Choose sustainability and ethics!
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12. Thank You
Tori Martin
For more information:
www.ethicalmarkets.com/halophyte/
amartin657@alumni.flagler.edu

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Photos:
Dennis, D. (2020, May 27). Quinoa on the Table [Digital image]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/
Emmanuelle, B. (2020, October 9). [Agave plant]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/
Giret, A. (2017, October 27). Mountain of rubbish and garbage on the beach by the sea [Digital image].
Retrieved December 09, 2020, from https://unsplash.com/
Harell, L. (2020, September 25). [Green algae]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/
Kauffman, M. (2017, October 10). [Wildfire]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from https://unsplash.com/
Köles, M. (2019, February 8). Vlatava with massive algae growth [Digital image]. Retrieved December 09,
2020, from https://unsplash.com/
M. (2018, September 30). [Water being poured on hands]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/
McArthur, J. (2020, September 16). Aerial Views of CAFO [Digital image]. Retrieved December 09, 2020,
from https://unsplash.com/
McArthur, J. (2020, September 16). [CAFOs in N. Carolina]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/
Patkowski1, D. (2019, January 14). Sunset Tree in Kenya Safari, Africa [Digital image]. Retrieved December
09, 2020, from https://unsplash.com/
Spratt, A. (2018, July 31). Minimal eucalyptus leaves2 [Digital image]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/ph
Vy, A. (2018, December 24). [Trash and buildings]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/
Weaver, L. (2020, June 1). [Protester with sign]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from
https://unsplash.com/p
Wimmerlin, J. (2018, January 22). [Farm field]. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from https://unsplash.com/
Sources
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Information:
Bauler, T. (n.d.). Environmental Justice Organizations, Liabilities and Trade. Retrieved October 06, 2020, from
http://www.ejolt.org/
Bomani, B. (2011, August). Plant fuels that could power a jet. Retrieved November 21, 2020, from
https://www.ted.com/talks/bilal_bomani_plant_fuels_that_could_power_a_jet
Bushnell, D. (n.d.). CLIMATE/ ECOSYSTEM MITIGATION/ REMEDIATION – ROLE OF HALOPHYTES. Retrieved
November 16, 2020, from https://www.ethicalmarkets.com/
Ferguson, R. (2019, February 04). Why We Can't Separate Justice and Sustainability in the Food System.
Retrieved October 06, 2020, from https://blog.ucsusa.org/
Henderson, H. (Producer). (2020, March 27). “INVESTING IN SALTWATER AGRICULTURE: THE NEXT BIG
THING”[Video file]. Retrieved October 05, 2020, from https://ethicalmarkets.tv/
Henderson, H., & Long, L. (2020). Halophytes. Retrieved October 05, 2020, from
https://www.ethicalmarkets.com/
Henderson, H., Long, L. and Nash, T. “Capturing CO2 While Improving Human Nutrition and Health”, 2018
Green Transition Scoreboard® Report, Ethical Markets Media, April 2018.
Henderson, H., Long, L. and Nash, T. “Transitioning to Science-Based Investing”, 2019 Green Transition
Scoreboard® Report, Ethical Markets Media, May 2019.
Honeyman, R., & Jana, T. (2019). The B Corp handbook: How to use business as a force for good. Oakland, CA:
Berrett-Koehler.
Lindwall, C. (2019, July 31). Industrial Agricultural Pollution 101. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from
https://www.nrdc.org/
Sidhu, B. (2018, December). Are we running out of clean water? Retrieved October 06, 2020, from
https://www.ted.com/
Water in Agriculture. (2020, May 8). Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://www.worldbank.org/