The document discusses the Hadoop File System (HDFS), which is an Apache project that uses an open-source distributed file system across large clusters of nodes. HDFS consists of two types of daemons - the NameNode, which acts as the primary administrator, and DataNodes, which are on each node in the distributed file system. Condor can manage the HDFS daemons and allow Hadoop jobs to directly access HDFS through the job configuration file.