This document provides information about gynecologic cancers including ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. It discusses risk factors, signs and symptoms, screening and prevention methods, staging, treatment options, and survival rates for each cancer. The key points are that ovarian cancer has no effective early screening test and often presents at advanced stages, while cervical and endometrial cancers can be prevented or detected early through regular pelvic exams and Pap/HPV testing. Treatment may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination depending on the cancer type and stage. Overall survival rates vary but early detection improves prognosis. The document emphasizes patient education and advocacy.
Soft tissue sarcomas, treatment (surgical, radiation, chemotherapy)Joseph A. Di Como MD
A PowerPoint presentation for medical professionals regarding soft tissue sarcomas, likely most helpful to surgical residents and medical students. Gist tumors, liposarcomas, retroperitoneal sarcomas extremity, breast sarcoma and vascular sarcomas
Soft tissue sarcomas, treatment (surgical, radiation, chemotherapy)Joseph A. Di Como MD
A PowerPoint presentation for medical professionals regarding soft tissue sarcomas, likely most helpful to surgical residents and medical students. Gist tumors, liposarcomas, retroperitoneal sarcomas extremity, breast sarcoma and vascular sarcomas
this lecture involves full simple description of ovarian neoplasm
it include the following points:
incidence and global spread of ovarian neoplasm
risk factors for ovarian neoplasms
protective factors for ovarian neoplasm
normal ovarian histology
WHO classification of ovarian neoplasms
epithelial cell ovarian neoplasms
germ cell ovarian neoplasms
sex cord stromal neoplasm
gonadoblastoma
krukenberg tumor
miscellaneous tumors of the ovary
differential diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms
Meigs syndrome
complications of ovarian neoplasm
clinical presentation of ovarian neoplasm
Clinical features suggesting malignancy
spread of ovarian cancer
screening for ovarian cancer
diagnosis for ovarian cancer
management of ovarian neoplasms
RMI (risk of malignancy index)
IOTA (international ovarian tumor analysis)
CA125
Morphology and diagnosis of Ovarian Tumors
• Clinical Features of Ovarian Tumors
Early-stage ovarian cancer rarely causes any symptoms. Advanced-stage ovarian cancer may cause few and nonspecific symptoms that are often mistaken for more common benign conditions, such as constipation or irritable bowel.
Bloating; abdominal distention or discomfort
Pressure effects on the bladder and rectum
Constipation
Vaginal bleeding
Indigestion and acid reflux
Shortness of breath
Tiredness
Weight loss
Early satiety
------prepared by med_students0-----
Sex, Chemo & Rock N Roll, Penny Daugherty, RN, MS, OCN, ONN-CGPennyDaughertyRNMSOC
This presentation is designed to provide a multifaceted patient centered approach to sexuality issues in the nursing care of chemotherapy/radiation therapy patients via the following:
- A comprehensive overview of sexuality & sexual self-image
- Exploration of issues related to sexual side-effects of treatment and effective methodology for assessment and intervention
- Provision of therapeutic strategies for the clinician to employ in the care of patients experiencing sexual dysfunction
- Formulation of successful therapeutic patient/clinician dialogue
Many paths to the same destination, Penny Daugherty, RN, MS, OCN, ONN-CGPennyDaughertyRNMSOC
At the completion of this presentation the attendee will be able to:
- Be provided with a comprehensive view of integrative modalities
- Review major processes that are safe and evidence-based
- Be provided with practical resources to offer patients
Gynecological Oncology Navigation by Penny Daugherty, RN, MS, OCN, ONN-CGPennyDaughertyRNMSOC
This session defines the various diagnoses classified as gynecological malignancies and address the discreet nuances of each disease, as well as recognition and management of specific side effects associated with individual syndromes. Conventional and targeted therapies are reviewed as well as discussions assisting patients in the selection of integrative approaches to care.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. Ovarian Cancer facts:
• 2nd most common gynecologic malignancy with the
highest mortality
• Almost 75% of patients present with advanced stage
disease
• The risk of relapse in advanced stage disease is as high as
70%
• There is no effective early diagnostic test available (yet)
• The incidence increases with advancing age
(most gyn cancers have pre-cancers that may be detected before the
malignant transformation EXCEPT most ovarian cancers)
6. Ovarian Neoplasms
continued:
• Sarcoma or Carcinosarcoma <1%
(cancer of the connective tissue – highly aggressive)
• Primary Peritoneal Cancer – seeds per fluid on the surface of
the ovaries
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
It is the 5th leading cause of cancer death
in women
7. Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma
• Risk Factors:
Incessant ovulation
BRCA-1, BRCA-2 mutations
Family history of ovarian cancer
Increasing age – not necessarily………
• Protective Factors:
Parity (multiple pregnancies)
Birth control pills
8. Signs and Symptoms
(Epithelial ovarian carcinoma)
Physical symptoms:
• Abdominal discomfort
• Early satiety
• Bloating, abdominal fullness
• Constipation
• Increasing abdominal girth
• Pelvic discomfort
• Shortness of breath
• Urinary frequency/urgency
Physical Exam:
• Adnexal mass
• Abdominal swelling with fluid
wave *
• Abdominal mass (no wave)
• Decreased breath sounds at lung
bases (late sign)
• Firmness of umbilicus
10. Definitive Diagnosis:
• Careful history and physical
• Pelvic Ultrasound (Level III/IV)
• CT – chest, abdomen, pelvis
• +/- CA – 125
• Surgery by gynecologic oncologist
MUST have tissue for definitive
diagnosis
• CT guided biopsy
• Resected ovary or portion of tumor
removed at surgery
11. If Diagnosis is Confirmed:
Treatment
• Surgery
(hysterectomy/BSO/Staging)
PLUS / Or
• Chemotherapy (18 wks of
Taxol +Carboplatin, then
possible consolidation – 12
months of Taxol alone at
lower dose
• Chemotherapy may be IV or
IP/IV
Complications
• Surgical:
post op infection; abscess;
need for poss temp
colostomy
• Chemotherapy:
hair loss; neuropathy, etc
• Progression
bowel obstruction;
recurrent acites; fistula
formation; DVT
12. Chemotherapy…….Perception vs
Reality:
Perception Reality
• Full chemotherapy education
provided by Certified Oncology
Nurses for patient/caregiver
• Chemo suite is fully equipped
w/WIFI/personal TV/ snack
bar/Nurse Navigator/Dietician
for private consultation
• ACS Navigator
• Patient education programs
• Holiday luncheons
• offered
18. Genetic Testing????????
• So many genes – so many tests
• Which test to do?
• Who should have testing?
• Negative test? What does this mean for
the family?
• Positive test? What does THIS mean for
the family??
• Pedigree? What’s a pedigree?
• What’s the cost?
• Will I be denied
insurance?????????????
19. Genetics
Genetic FAQ’s
What is Genetic Counseling?
I already have/had ovarian cancer, why do I need genetic
counseling?
What type tests will the genetic counselor talk to me
about?
What are the benefits of testing?
If I test positive will it affect my health insurance coverage?
I know that I don’t want testing. Do I still need to have
genetic testing?
What if I am positive?
Who in my family is at risk for inheriting the genetic change
that increases cancer risk?
What would I do differently if I tested positive?
I still have more questions. How do I find out more
information?
24. Cervical Cancer
• Exocervix: part of the cervix next to the vagina
• Types of cells covering the cervix:
– Squamous cells
– Glandular cells
• Endocervix: part of the cervix closest to the
uterus
• Transformation zone: location in the cervix
where the squamous cells and glandular cells
meet
26. Types of Cervical Cancer
• Squamous cell carcinoma
▫ 80-90% of cervical cancers
▫ Develop in the squamous cells that cover the surface of the
exocervix
• Adenocarcinoma
▫ Develops in the mucous producing cells of the endocervix
• Adeno-squamous carcinoma
▫ AKA mixed carcinoma
▫ Features of both squamous cell and adenocarcinoma
• Melanoma, Sarcoma, lymphoma
27. Risks for Cervical Cancer
• HPV infection
• Smoking
• Immunosuppression
▫ HIV/AIDS
▫ Medical immunosuppression: autoimmune disease, organ
transplant
• Chlamydia
• Diet
• Oral contraceptives
• Poverty
• Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
• Family risk
28. HPV Infection
• Risks:
▫ Having sex at a younger age
▫ Multiple sexual partners
▫ Uncircumcised men
• May lead to cancer:
▫ Cervix, vulva, vagina
▫ Penile
▫ Anus
▫ Mouth
▫ Throat
• Symptoms: may be no visible signs
29. HPV Vaccination
• Cervarix: Protects against HPV types 16 & 18
• Prevention only. NO CUREGardasil: Protect
against HPV types 6, 11, 16 & 18
– Prevents anal, vaginal and vulvar cancers,
precancerous lesions, anal and genital warts
30. Cervical Cancer Prevention
• Cervarix: Protects against HPV types 16 & 18
• Prevention only. NO CUREGardasil: Protect
against HPV types 6, 11, 16 & 18
– Prevents anal, vaginal and vulvar cancers,
precancerous lesions, anal and genital warts
31. Signs & Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
• Usually have no symptoms
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
– Bleeding after intercourse
– Bleeding after menopause
– Bleeding between periods
• Unusual discharge from vagina
• Pain during intercourse
36. Endometrial Cancer:
Anatomy and Physiology
• Body of uterus has 2 main layers
– Endometrium & myometrium
• Nearly all cancers of the uterus start in the
endometrium
37. Types of Endometrial
Cancer
• Adenocarcinoma
▫ Adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation,
secretory carcinoma, ciliated carcinoma, mucinous
carcinoma, clear-cell carcinoma, serous or papillary
serous carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma
• Uterine carcinosarcoma (CS)
• Uterine sarcomas
▫ Stromal carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma
• Cervical cancer
38. Signs & Symptoms of
Endometrial Cancer
• Unusual vaginal bleeding, spotting or other
discharge
• Pelvic pain, pain with intercourse
• Weight loss
• Late signs and symptoms: ascites, jaundice,
bowel obstruction
39. Diagnosing Endometrial
Cancer
• Report any signs and symptoms to your doctor
• Pelvic exam and transvaginal ultrasound
• Endometrial biopsy, hysteroscopy, D&C
• CA125
42. Endometrial Cancer
Treatment
• Surgery Higher Mortality Rates due to sarcoma
Main Tx: Hysterectomy, BSO, Lymph Node Dissection,
Omentectomy, peritoneal biopsies, tumor debulking, lymph
node biopsies
Radiation Therapy:
Bracchytherapy( low dose/high dose), external beam radiation, -
may receive neo-adjuvant XRT
Hormonal Therapy:
Progentins (Provera, Megace) , Tamoxifen, Gonadotropin-
releasing hormaone agonists, Aromatase Inhibitors
Chemotherapy:
Usually combination “sandwich therapy”
43. Other Gyn Cancers:
• Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
– Associated with products of conception
– Choricarcinoma
– Mets: Lung, spleen, kidney, brain, liver, GI tract
• Vulvar Cancer
– HPV related
– Mets: lung, lymph nodes
• Vaginal Cancer
– HPV related
44. Survivorship
• Long term side effects of cancer treatment:
– Organ damage: lung, heart, kidney
– Secondary cancers
– Psycho-social issues: fertility, financial, PTSD
