CONDITIONALS

1. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
ASIGNATURA: Inglés GUÍA No. 4
DOCENTE: Claudia Castellanos Rueda GRADO: 11° PERÍODO: segundo
TEMA Present perfect. Be/Was able to, -Verb + ing form. -Verb + infinitive + to -
comparatives and superlatives, Be going to + infinitive. Either/ neither/to/too/both.
For / since Prefixes Had to FUTURE PLANS AND PRESENT PERFECT:(Identifying steps to reach
future goals, time expressions, writing letters, adverbs of time). TEMAS PARA SEGUNDO PERIODO.
TIEMPO: 3 semanas 9 horas
OBJETIVOS DE APRENDIZAJE: Identificar información general y específica en textos narrativos y
descriptivos orales y escritos relacionados con temas académicos de interés. • Elaborar un
texto escrito de recomendaciones sobre temas académicos de interés. • Hacer una
exposición oral sobre temas académicos de interés.
COMPETENCIA: lingüística/pragmática COMPONENTE/habilidad: escritura. Reading,
DBA: Nº4. Produce mensajes escritos, tales como cartas y correos electrónicos, claros
y bien estructurados teniendo en cuenta el contexto en el que tienen lugar. Para esto,
utiliza el vocabulario y las estructuras de texto requeridas. Por ejemplo, al escribir un
correo electrónico saluda, escribe su mensaje y se despide.
TRANSVERSALIZACIÓN: DHD: Participo en la construcción de normas para la
convivencia en los grupos sociales y políticos a los que pertenezco (familia, colegio,
barrio…).
Tiempo libre: Actividades cotidianas que desarrollan los estudiantes.
PRAE: Reglamento del aseo de las dependencias de la institución.
LA TRANSVERSALIZACIÓN: se realizará a través de un manual de instrucciones en inglés que
realizarán los estudiantes en las diferentes dependencias del colegio y de esta forma se ponen
en práctica los derecho humos, el tiempo libre y el prae.
Warm up. Say what rules are important for you live in peace.
Presentacion de los conceptos
1. modal verbs

2. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
Practical part
- documneto s de apoyo de decimoModal Verbs _ Modals Chart -
GrammarBank.pdf
- documneto s de apoyo de decimomodal-verbs.pdf
- documneto s de apoyo de decimomodal-verbs-basic-chart-grammar-
guides_1.docx
- documneto s de apoyo de decimosv_-a2-b1-should-1.pdf
- documneto s de apoyo de decimogivingadvicehealth.pdf
- Write a manual of instructions.
3. comparatives and superlatives
1. What are adjectives?
Doyou want to learn about English Adjectives? Simply adjectives tell us something about a person or a
thing.

3. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
2. What do adjectives modify?
Adjectives can modify nouns or pronouns/names.
person thing
Mandy is a careful girl. This is a nice car.
Mandy is careful. The car is nice.
She is careful. It is nice.
3. Where do adjectives go?
An adjective can be put before the noun. Then it is an attribute.
person thing
Mandy is a careful girl. This is a nice car.
An adjective can be put after the verb to be (is). This is called predicative position.
person thing
The girl is careful. This car is nice.
Adjectives can go after the following verbs:
 appear
 become
 feel
 get
 go
 keep
 turn
When we speak about what something looks like, smells, sounds and tastes – we use the adjective. Mind
the difference between adjective and adverb.
 I feel great.
 She looks good.
 It seems impossible.
 The steak smells fantastic.

4. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
4. Can adjectives be used without nouns?
Yes, adjectives can be used without nouns. Mind the definite article the:
 the rich = rich people
Here is an example from the fairy tale Cinderella:
 “The good must be put in the dish, the bad you may eat if you wish.”
Here is another example with nationalities in the plural:
 The Scottish live in the North of the United Kingdom.
5. Can two or more adjectives be used together?
Yes, if you use more adjectives you can put them in front of the noun:
 a fat old cat
or you can put them after the verb (e.g. to be). In this case and is placed between the last two adjectives.
 It was cold,wet and windy.
6. Adjectives, ending in -ing and -ed
There are adjectives ending in -ing and -ed. These are participle constructions, used like adjectives. Here
are some examples:
A) Here the adjective is put before the noun:
 Yesterday I read an amusing story in a magazine.
 Doris has a boring job.
 We watched the group of excited people.
B) Here the adjective is put after the verb:
 I was not at all amused by the discussion.
 Children get bored very quickly.
 The end of the film was really exciting for me.
One-syllable Adjectives
To form the comparative, we add -er to the end of the adjective.
To form the superlative, we add -est to the end of the adjective.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
small smaller the smallest
cold colder the coldest
light lighter the lightest
wide * wider the widest
hot ** hotter the hottest
* When an adjective ends in the letter E, we just add the -R (for comparatives) or -ST (for superlatives). We
do not write two Es together. Wider (correct) not wideer (incorrect).
** When an adjective ends in a consonant + short vowel + consonant (C + V + C), we normally double the
last letter. big - bigger - biggest, wet - wetter - wettest

5. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
 London is bigger than Santiago.
 Mike is taller than John but James is the tallest.
 Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.
 It is the oldest building in the village.
 I want a faster car.
Notice how comparatives are often followed by than when comparing two things or people.
Two-syllable Adjectives ending in -Y
To form the comparative, we remove the -y and add -ier to the end of the adjective.
To form the superlative, we remove the -y and add -iest to the end of the adjective.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
crazy crazier the craziest
happy happier the happiest
early earlier the earliest
 It was the happiest day of my life.
 My joke was funnier than your one.
 This section is easier than the rest.
Adjectives with Two or more Syllables
For Adjectives with 2 syllables (that don't end in -y) and higher (3, 4 syllables etc), we use more for
comparatives and the most for superlatives.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
handsome more handsome the most handsome
nervous more nervous the most nervous
enthusiastic more enthusiastic the most enthusiastic
 My girlfriend is more beautiful than yours.
 Alex is more intelligent than you but I am the most intelligent.
 It was the most wonderful day I have ever had.
Some exceptions with two-syllable adjectives ending in -er and -est:
narrow - narrower, simple - simpler, quiet - quieter
Irregular Forms
Adjective Comparative Superlative
good better the best
bad worse the worst
far *** further / farther the furthest / farthest

6. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
little less the least
many/much more the most
old **** older/elder the oldest / eldest
 I am a better tennis player than you but Marcelo is the best.
 Steve is a worse liar than me but Adrian is the worst.
*** Farther - Further
Further / farther, furthest / farthest are all used for distance.
Only Further / furthest are used to mean 'additional' or 'more advanced'.
 Puerto Montt is further / farther than Valdivia is from here (in Santiago).
 If you require further information, please contact reception.
Remember that the opposites of 'more' and 'most' are 'less' and 'least', respectively.
**** Older - Eldest
We use elder / eldest when we are talking about family relationships and normally only before a noun (not
by itself unless it is a pronoun).
 He is my elder brother. (We cannot say: My brother is elder than me. - incorrect)
 The eldest sister would pass on her dresses to the younger one.
Comparative and Superlative of ILL
When comparing how ill people are, you will normally hear worse or the worst and not "iller or illest".
Some people may prefer to replace ill with sick (sicker, sickest) when comparing.

7. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
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- documentos de apoyo novenocomparatives rules and exercises 1..pdf
- documentos de apoyo novenogrammar-practice-comparatives-and-
superlatives.evaluation test.pdf
- documentos de apoyo novenogrammar-practice-comparatives-and-superlatives-
worksheet2.pdf

8. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
- documentos de apoyo novenogrammar-practice-reference-card-
comparatives-and-superlatives.activitiy card.pdf
4. gerunds and infinitives

9. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
Practical part
- documneto s de apoyo de decimogerund-or-infinitive-fun-activities-games-
grammar-drills-grammar-guides_1.doc
- documneto s de apoyo de decimoreading-comprehension-fun-activities-
games_2.doc
- documneto s de apoyo de decimoverbs-followed-by-a-gerund-grammar-drills-
grammar-guides-writing-creative-wri_77935.doc

10. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
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11. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020

12. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020

13. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
MUNICIPIO DE CHIQUIZA
NIT 820001751-2
DANE 215232000020
EVALUACIÓN: GENERAL EVALUATION
VERBS ORAL AND WRITTEN FORM
TEXTS ABOUT TRANSIT RULES