This is my first lecture for post-graduate students studying at Prince Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand. The lecture provides a brief overview of research taken place at the centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research at Swansea University, Department of Biosciences. It also gives a brief summary of aquaculture and fisheries statistics, and the example of an experiment we did with year 3 students at Swansea University in 2017. This experiment was presented at Aquaculture Europe 2017. The lumpfish experiment design was discussed with the students.

1. 1
Stories of aquaculture
research, fish and people
Dr Sara Barrento
Swansea University
s.i.barrento@swansea.ac.uk
Lecture delivered at Prince Songkla University (PSU)
23RD of August, 2561

2. 2
Sound test
and
introduction

3. 3
Dr Sara
Barrento
?
True
Agree
YesFalse
Disagree
No

4. 4
Dr Sara
Barrento
True
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YesFalse
Disagree
No
Q1: are you a lecturer
or professor?

5. 5
Dr Sara
Barrento
True
Agree
YesFalse
Disagree
No
Q2: are you a
PhD student?

6. 6
Dr Sara
Barrento
True
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YesFalse
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No
Q3: are you a
master student?

7. 7

8. Swansea
University
SU
Portugal

9. 99
The Natural
landscape in
our doorstep
SWANSEA UNIVERSITY Biological sciences department

10. 10​Picture by Ruth Callaway
Swansea Bay
our Natural lab
100 m from SU

11. 11​Picture by Sara Barrento, Worms Head
The Gower
our Natural lab
30 Km from SU
Marine Biology

12. 12​Picture by Sara Barrento, seals in Worms head
Meet
the locals

13. 13
Where land
meets the sea
​Picture by Sara Barrento, Three Cliffs
Biology

14. 14​Picture by Sara Barrento, Three Cliffs
Zoology

15. 15​Picture by Ruth Callaway
Noctiluca
Marine Biology
also includes
fisheries

16. 16
BOAT ACTIVITIES
We provide several at sea experiences
SURVEYS
BEAM TRAWLING
​Picture by Ruth Callaway

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CENTRE FOR SUSTAINABLE AQUATIC RESEARCH
UNIQUE RECIRCULATING AQUATIC SYSTEM FACILITIES
​Picture by Fleuriane Fernandes
Marine Biology
also includes aquaculture
http://www.swansea.ac.uk/csar/

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​Our residents
marine fish
Cyclopterus lumpus
​Picture by Sara Barrento
cleaner fish
cleans salmon from
sea lice - parasite

19. 19
Zebra fish
Danio rerio
Model organism used in research

20. 20
​Picture by Fleuriane Fernandes
Seaweed Hatchery

21. 21
Microalgae Bioreactors
1. Vertical
2. Horizontal
high value protein based
water soluble pigments

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SOME RESEARCH AREAS AND TECHNIQUES
​Epigenetic management of
stress and disease resistance
​Control and management
of Aquatic Invasive Species
using eDNA technology
​CRISPR technology
Lumpfish as biological control
of sea lice in salmon farming
Behaviour and physiology
of various aquatic species
Minimising the impacts of
intensive aquaculture
Ornamental fish

23. 23
Dr Sara
Barrento
True
Agree
YesFalse
Disagree
No
Q4: Do you know
this?

24. 24
Aquaculture & Fisheres
The data
An historical perspective
FAO. 2018. The State of World Fisheries and
Aquaculture 2018 - Meeting the sustainable
development goals. Rome. Licence: CC BY-
NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

25. 25
Fisheries is stagnant
Aquaculture is growing
Asia is leading Aquaculture
NOTE: Excludes aquatic mammals, crocodiles, alligators and caimans, seaweeds and other aquatic plants
FIGURE 1
WORLD CAPTURE FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION
FIGURE 2
WORLD FISH UTILIZATION AND APPARENT CONSUMPTION
Aquaculture productionCapture production
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
MILLIONTONNES
15
18
21
24
100
120
140
160
LIONTONNES)
NTCONSUMPTION(KG/CAPITA)
30%
3%

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0.6 m
tonnes
2.5 b
people
2493

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16.9 m
tonnes
5.3 b
people
2533

28. 28
106 m
tonnes
7.3 b
people
2558

29. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 29
91%
The World
1980
2523
9%

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53% 47%
The World
2016
2559
90.9 million
tonnes
80 million
tonnes

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PORTUGAL
2016|2559
97% Fisheries
9.787 tonnes
data from FIGIS 2016; retrieved in 2018

32. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 32
72% fisheries 28%
Thailand
2016|2559
2.4 million
tonnes
0.96 million
tonnes
data from FIGIS 2016; retrieved in 2018

33. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 33
99% aquaculture
Bangladesh
2016|255922.2 million
tonnes
data from FIGIS 2016; retrieved in 2018

34. DR SARA BARRENTO | AQUACULTURE EUROPE 2017 34
Countries are different
Face different challenges
Have different markets
We need to be careful when we
make general statements

35. 35
Dr Sara
Barrento
True
Agree
YesFalse
Disagree
No
Q4: Is this in
Songkhla?

36. DR SARA BARRENTO | AQUACULTURE EUROPE 2017 36
Countries are different
Face different challenges
Have different markets
We need to be careful when we
make general statements

37. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 37
Faster
In general this is what
aquaculture aims for

38. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 38
Lumpfish
Cyclopterus lumpus
Novel aquaculture species
A few thousand in 2010
Unknown to most
consumers
Small fisheries
https://youtu.be/knMIG3Da_cg
30 million juveniles deployed in 2016
Powell et al., 2017

39. 39DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

40. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 40
Why farm
lumpfish?
Effective cleaner fish
Prey on the ectoparasite
copepods - Lepeophtherius
salmonis - sea-lice
Powell et al., 2017

41. 41
Sea-lice control
costed €430 million in
Norway during 2015
(Iversen et al. 2015)
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

42. 42
Chemical based bath
treatments
Common methods
to delouse
Other cleaner fish - wrasse
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

43. 43
Lumpfish
May provide an
environmentally
friendly alternative
to delouse salmon
from sea lice
Picture taken at Norwegian Aquaculture Center, Brønnøy, Norway
Author Thomas Bjørkan
Imsland et al. 2014
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

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For most farmed fish,
the main goal is to
grow fish fast and
gain weight quickly
But for lumpfish…
11g
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

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It is estimated that
50 million
cleaner fish will be
required by 2020
Powell et al., 2017
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

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The challenge
to stop lumpfish growing too
quickly, but without
compromising their welfare
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

47. 47
We compared the growth performance and welfare
of lumpfish fed 2 commercial diets:
Diet 1
Low octane
Diet 2
No claims about
growth
will slow down fish growth while
boosting health of cleaner fish
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

48. 48
Analytical
constituents (%)
D1=Low Octane D2=No claim
Crude oil and fats 15.0 12.6
Crude protein 54.2 56.1
Crude ash 14.9 14.1
Crude fibre 0.3 0.3
Calcium 3.2 2.9
Phosphorous 1.8 0.3
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

49. DR SARA BARRENTO | AQUACULTURE EUROPE 2017 49
https://youtu.be/o3hRF6UrZ8w

50. N=40 N=40
D1=Low Octane
N=40 N=40
D2 = No claim
78 days
Centre for Sustainable Aquatic
Research (CSAR)
Baseline
fish
biometry
n= 40
94.55 g
SL (mm)
TL (mm)
(…)
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

51. 51
Wet weight (g)
Standard Length (cm)
Total length (cm)
Digestive Somatic Index (DSI)
Hepatosomatic index (HSI)
Gonadosomatic index (GI)
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

52. 52
Fish Welfare Monitoring Guide
Behaviour indicators
External Physical Indicators
Fish Necropsy
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

53. 53DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

54. 54DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

55. 55DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

56. 56
WW (g) SL (mm) TL (mm) DSI (%) HIS (%) GI (%)
Baseline 94.55 11.02 13.47 6.64 2.14 na
n=40 27.11 1.04 1.17 1.46 1.36 na
D1=LO 205.41 14.15 16.88 6.10 1.42 1.21
n=40 101.56 2.12 2.76 1.39 0.43 0.74
D2=NC 187.40 14.31 16.62 6.10 1.43 1.29
n=40 62.08 2.04 1.95 0.81 0.46 0.71
After 78 days
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

57. 57
We compared the growth performance and welfare
of lumpfish fed 2 commercial diets:
Diet 1
Low octane
Diet 2
No claims
about
growth
There were no differences
But we started with fish bigger (94.55g)
than the typical vaccination size 11 g
More studies needed especially to
understand lumpfish dietary requirements
Maybe changing environmental
parameters
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018

58. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 58
https://medium.com/aquated

59. DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018 59
THE SECOND CALL OF THE EURASTIP EXCHANGE
PROGRAMME IS NOW OPEN
Open between June 18th 2018 and September 30th 2018 !
Checklist of information needed to complete an application
Info sheet of the exchange type you are interested
in: educators, research or industry
http://eurastip.eu/exchanges/

60. Teaching team – the
authors of this presentation
who can’t be here enjoying
the sunshine
Acknowledgments
to all inquisitive students
and inspiring teachers
DR SARA BARRENTO | PSU 2018