Guercio 3rd pd. feudalism
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•384 views
Under feudalism in England, society was strictly hierarchical. The king was at the top and granted land (fiefs) to lords in exchange for their loyalty and military service. Serfs farmed small plots of land belonging to the lords and gave a portion of their crops in return. Feudalism established obligations of loyalty from everyone to the king and was reinforced by a code of chivalry that knights pledged to follow. It was weakened over time by events like the Magna Carta and the Black Death.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Feudalism
Feudalism established a strict social hierarchy in medieval England following the Norman invasion. At the top was the king, who granted land to barons in exchange for loyalty and military service. Barons then granted land to knights who swore loyalty to their baron and protected their lands. Peasants worked the lands but had few rights. The system declined due to the Black Death reducing the population and the Peasants' Revolt which demanded changes to their treatment.
Feudalism.igogo.2nd
Feudalism was a system established in Medieval Europe in which knights and lords exchanged land and protection for loyalty and military service to their kings. William the Conqueror introduced this system to England in 1066 after his victory at the Battle of Hastings. Under feudalism, everyone owed allegiance to the king and their immediate superior in a strict hierarchy, with peasants providing labor and soldiers to those above them in exchange for land. Over time, factors like the growth of money economies, the Black Death, and the use of paid mercenaries contributed to the decline of feudalism in England.
Decline of Feudalism Summary
Feudalism developed as a political system based on local control by lords loyal to a monarch. It declined due to interactions with the Muslim world bringing new ideas and institutions to Europe. Key factors in its decline included the Magna Carta limiting monarch power, the Hundred Years War weakening nobility, the Peasants' Revolt increasing commoners' rights, influence from the Crusades and Muslim world, and the Black Plague decreasing population and changing the economy. The combined impact of these political, cultural, and social changes caused feudalism to be replaced with stronger centralized government and monarchy.
The Decline Of Feudalism
The decline of feudalism was due to three major events: 1) Political developments in England weakened the power of nobles as kings centralized power through laws like the Magna Carta and Model Parliament, which gave commoners a voice. 2) The Bubonic Plague devastated populations in the 1300s, reducing the supply of serfs and peasants. 3) The Hundred Years' War between England and France drained England's resources and led to the loss of English lands in France.
FEUDALISM IN ENGLAND
Feudalism was a social, political, and economic system established in England after the Norman conquest in 1066. William the Conqueror defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings and needed the support of nobles and knights, so he instituted a feudal system with himself at the top. Under feudalism, the king granted lands to lords in exchange for loyalty and military service. Lords then granted lands to knights who owed military service in return. Serfs, bound to the land, did most of the manual labor and had few rights. This feudal hierarchy and system of land-for-service defined political and social relations until the French and English revolutions began dismantling feudalism.
Three orders class 11
This document summarizes the social structure of medieval Europe between the 9th and 16th centuries. It describes the three main social orders of clergy, nobility, and peasants. The clergy comprised the Catholic church and directed the religious life of communities. The nobility were landed owners who held manorial estates worked by peasant villeins or serfs. Peasants lived and worked on manors, providing labor and paying taxes and fees to lords. The document also outlines the rise of knights, monastic orders, and the environmental and economic crisis of the 14th century plague that weakened the feudal system and allowed more powerful monarchs to consolidate their rule.
Britain 1066 1485
The Norman Conquest of England began in 1066 when William the Conqueror crossed the English Channel and defeated King Harold II's Anglo-Saxon army at the Battle of Hastings. The Normans then crushed resistance across England, establishing Norman rule. French culture dominated the aristocracy while Anglo-Saxon culture persisted among lower classes. England's relationship with France and neighbors like Scotland and Ireland was often defined by conflict over the centuries. Feudalism created a strict social hierarchy with the King at the top and peasants at the bottom. The Church also wielded significant power and influence. By the late medieval period, England had developed economically and established universities, though most people still lived difficult agricultural lives.
Unit 2. feudal europe
Feudalism developed in Western Europe between the 9th and 10th centuries as kings struggled to collect taxes, protect their populations, and maintain armies against invaders. To gain military support, kings granted land and power to nobles in exchange for loyalty, advising, and private armies. Nobles became feudal lords ruling large fiefs. Peasants sought protection from nobles in exchange for working and farming the fiefs, receiving safety and a share of crops. This system of vassalage between kings, lords, and peasants defined the political, economic, and social structure of feudal Europe for several centuries.
Recommended
Feudalism
Feudalism established a strict social hierarchy in medieval England following the Norman invasion. At the top was the king, who granted land to barons in exchange for loyalty and military service. Barons then granted land to knights who swore loyalty to their baron and protected their lands. Peasants worked the lands but had few rights. The system declined due to the Black Death reducing the population and the Peasants' Revolt which demanded changes to their treatment.
Feudalism.igogo.2nd
Feudalism was a system established in Medieval Europe in which knights and lords exchanged land and protection for loyalty and military service to their kings. William the Conqueror introduced this system to England in 1066 after his victory at the Battle of Hastings. Under feudalism, everyone owed allegiance to the king and their immediate superior in a strict hierarchy, with peasants providing labor and soldiers to those above them in exchange for land. Over time, factors like the growth of money economies, the Black Death, and the use of paid mercenaries contributed to the decline of feudalism in England.
Decline of Feudalism Summary
Feudalism developed as a political system based on local control by lords loyal to a monarch. It declined due to interactions with the Muslim world bringing new ideas and institutions to Europe. Key factors in its decline included the Magna Carta limiting monarch power, the Hundred Years War weakening nobility, the Peasants' Revolt increasing commoners' rights, influence from the Crusades and Muslim world, and the Black Plague decreasing population and changing the economy. The combined impact of these political, cultural, and social changes caused feudalism to be replaced with stronger centralized government and monarchy.
The Decline Of Feudalism
The decline of feudalism was due to three major events: 1) Political developments in England weakened the power of nobles as kings centralized power through laws like the Magna Carta and Model Parliament, which gave commoners a voice. 2) The Bubonic Plague devastated populations in the 1300s, reducing the supply of serfs and peasants. 3) The Hundred Years' War between England and France drained England's resources and led to the loss of English lands in France.
FEUDALISM IN ENGLAND
Feudalism was a social, political, and economic system established in England after the Norman conquest in 1066. William the Conqueror defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings and needed the support of nobles and knights, so he instituted a feudal system with himself at the top. Under feudalism, the king granted lands to lords in exchange for loyalty and military service. Lords then granted lands to knights who owed military service in return. Serfs, bound to the land, did most of the manual labor and had few rights. This feudal hierarchy and system of land-for-service defined political and social relations until the French and English revolutions began dismantling feudalism.
Three orders class 11
This document summarizes the social structure of medieval Europe between the 9th and 16th centuries. It describes the three main social orders of clergy, nobility, and peasants. The clergy comprised the Catholic church and directed the religious life of communities. The nobility were landed owners who held manorial estates worked by peasant villeins or serfs. Peasants lived and worked on manors, providing labor and paying taxes and fees to lords. The document also outlines the rise of knights, monastic orders, and the environmental and economic crisis of the 14th century plague that weakened the feudal system and allowed more powerful monarchs to consolidate their rule.
Britain 1066 1485
The Norman Conquest of England began in 1066 when William the Conqueror crossed the English Channel and defeated King Harold II's Anglo-Saxon army at the Battle of Hastings. The Normans then crushed resistance across England, establishing Norman rule. French culture dominated the aristocracy while Anglo-Saxon culture persisted among lower classes. England's relationship with France and neighbors like Scotland and Ireland was often defined by conflict over the centuries. Feudalism created a strict social hierarchy with the King at the top and peasants at the bottom. The Church also wielded significant power and influence. By the late medieval period, England had developed economically and established universities, though most people still lived difficult agricultural lives.
Unit 2. feudal europe
Feudalism developed in Western Europe between the 9th and 10th centuries as kings struggled to collect taxes, protect their populations, and maintain armies against invaders. To gain military support, kings granted land and power to nobles in exchange for loyalty, advising, and private armies. Nobles became feudal lords ruling large fiefs. Peasants sought protection from nobles in exchange for working and farming the fiefs, receiving safety and a share of crops. This system of vassalage between kings, lords, and peasants defined the political, economic, and social structure of feudal Europe for several centuries.
Medieval period
The document discusses several key aspects of life in medieval England between 1066 and 1485, including the following:
1) Feudalism was the dominant social hierarchy, with the king at the top and serfs at the bottom, and each person swearing allegiance to those of higher status.
2) The Norman conquest in 1066 led by William the Conqueror established a powerful Anglo-Norman state and integrated England more with the rest of Europe.
3) The Catholic Church was the most powerful institution, controlling intellectual thought and participating in inquisitions until the Renaissance.
4) The Black Death plague in 1348 killed up to half of Europe's population and contributed to the
The medieval period
The document provides an overview of literature during the Medieval Period in England from 1066-1485. It discusses the major poets William Langland and Geoffrey Chaucer, with Chaucer being considered one of the greatest. Lyric and ballad poems were popular forms during this time. The Church also sponsored religious plays and dramas, with the morality drama Everyman being the most famous from the 15th century. The period saw changes in English language and society reflected in the writings of Langland and Chaucer.
The Feudal System
The document summarizes the feudal system that was prevalent in medieval Europe between the 5th and 16th centuries. It describes the basic living conditions for peasants, who lived in small huts and farmed small vegetable gardens to support themselves. There was also a class of freemen peasants who had slightly more independence as they paid rent but were not bound to the land. The feudal system was based on the king granting lands and titles of nobility to vassals in exchange for loyalty and services. Vassals would then govern their lands and collect taxes from peasants in exchange for protection. This hierarchical system dominated government and society across much of Western Europe during the medieval period.
Decline of Feudalism Lesson (Gagne's 9 Events)
The document summarizes the decline of feudalism in Europe. It occurred due to interactions between Europe and the Muslim world, which influenced new ideas and institutions. Specifically, the Black Plague weakened feudalism by reducing the population and increasing demands from workers. Additionally, the Magna Carta and Hundred Years War undermined feudalism by strengthening central governments and monarchies at the expense of local lords.
Ch 5 sec 2
Feudalism began to decline as towns formed and strong central governments established. Towns grew due to increased trade and opportunities, though nobles still owned the land. In England, William the Conqueror established the Norman dynasty and Henry II strengthened royal power. In France, Hugh Capet founded the Capetian dynasty and Phillip II expanded royal control over taxes and land. Both countries saw increased authority of central governments over time.
Feudalism ppt
Feudalism developed in Western Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire to address the lack of a central governing authority. With the collapse of Rome, hundreds of independent kingdoms emerged to fill the power vacuum. Peasants, facing insecurity, offered their labor to landowning lords in exchange for military protection. This led to the rise of a feudal system where lords provided security and land to vassals who then owed military service back to their lords. At the bottom were serfs who were bound to the land and provided labor but had little freedom. Overall, feudalism established hierarchies of obligation and service to maintain order in the unstable early Middle Ages following Rome's decline.
WAHG 2 Enlightenment
1) The most famous salon was hosted by Madam Geoffrin in Paris, where women gathered intellectuals and artists to discuss ideas from the Enlightenment.
2) Two enlightened despots, Frederick II of Prussia and Catherine the Great of Russia, reformed laws and granted new rights to citizens while expanding their empires.
3) Joseph II, the Holy Roman Emperor, tried to modernize the Austrian empire by granting new freedoms to religious minorities and peasants, though many reforms were reversed after his death.
13.2 - Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism developed in Western Europe following the decline of Charlemagne's empire in the 9th century. Under feudalism, society was organized into a pyramid-like hierarchy with the king at the top granting land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Nobles then granted land to knights who granted land to peasants, who lived on and worked the land in exchange for protection. Peasants had little freedom and lived difficult lives, but their servitude was tied to the land rather than being slaves. The feudal system helped provide security and governance in a decentralized political environment vulnerable to invaders.
The anglo-saxon-tribes-and-the-norman-conquerors
The document discusses the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 and the effects it had. It compares the Anglo-Saxons and Normans before the conquest. The Anglo-Saxons lived in separate kingdoms and spoke Old English, while the Normans were led by William the Conqueror. After defeating the Anglo-Saxons at Hastings, William consolidated Norman power by granting lands to barons. Over time, French became the language of government and English culture declined, though intermarriage showed the Normans respected local customs. The conquest established a new ruling class but a symbiotic relationship developed between Normans and native Anglo-Saxons.
13.2 feudalism in europe
Feudalism emerges in Europe as a political and economic system based on landholding and protection in exchange for services. As invaders like the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims attacked Europe, feudalism structured society into a pyramid with the king at the top, lords and nobles below providing land grants to vassals who became knights and protected the land. Society was divided into those who fight, those who pray, and those who work, mainly peasants who lived on self-sufficient manors providing goods to the lord in exchange for housing and protection.
Part 3 The Baroque Era - an overview
European cultural contributions to music in the Baroque era
Based on Mark Evan Bonds' A History of Music in Western Culture, 4th edition
Europe in the Middle Ages
The population of Europe almost doubled between 1000-1300 AD due to increased stability, improved farming techniques, and favorable climate conditions. More land was cleared for agriculture. The introduction of iron tools like the plow and wind/water power aided farming. Most peasants became serfs legally bound to work lands owned by noble lords in exchange for protection. Serfs had many restrictions but could not be sold as slaves. Peasant life was simple and centered around agricultural seasons and numerous Catholic holidays. Emerging trade and the growth of cities in the 11th-12th centuries began shifting Europe's economic foundation away from being exclusively agricultural.
5 4 the power of kings
1) Under feudalism, powerful nobles held land and vassals, sometimes more than the king.
2) The growth of towns and the middle class contributed to the decline of feudalism as kings gained support in exchange for protecting towns.
3) Kings used new financial resources to attack troublesome nobles and weaken their power, contributing to the rise of strong centralized nations under kings.
Feudalism
After Charlemagne's death, his empire was divided and Europe experienced increased invasions which led to the rise of feudalism. Feudalism was a system where lords granted land to vassals who then provided military service in exchange. This system established hierarchies with peasants at the bottom working the land under lords and knights. Peasants lived confined lives paying taxes and duties on manors which were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates ruled over by lords.
Middle age vocab
The document defines key terms from the Middle Ages, including:
- The Middle Ages lasted from 500-1500 AD and is also called the medieval period.
- A pope is the head of the Christian church and one pope wanted Europeans to take back the Holy Land, the area where Jesus lived in Southwest Asia.
- Gothic architecture featured pointed ceilings, tall towers and stained glass windows.
- Feudalism was a system where nobles exchanged land for military service from knights. Manors were large estates owned by nobles or knights that controlled most economic activities in Europe.
- The Black Death was a series of deadly plagues from 1347-1351 that killed millions across Europe
The medieval period notes
The Medieval Period in England lasted from 1066 to 1485. Key events included the Norman invasion led by William the Conqueror in 1066, the establishment of feudalism under William, and the rule of the Plantagenet dynasty from 1154 onwards. The Black Death plague of 1348-1349 killed around half of England's population and weakened the feudal system. Literature also developed during this time, including poems, ballads, morality plays, and Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales in the late 14th century.
the roman empire, slaves and workers
an empire across three continents chapter 3 ncert class 11 history.
controlling slaves and workers..
10 f2013 Peasant Revolt of 1381
The document provides background information on the Peasants' Revolt of 1381 in England. It describes long-term causes of unrest among peasants, including changes in labor laws and social mobility, as well as immediate triggers like excessive new taxes. When tax collectors abused peasants, widespread uprisings broke out led by figures like Wat Tyler and John Ball. Rebels from Essex and Norfolk marched on London and demanded economic reforms. Richard II negotiated with them but the revolt turned violent and was eventually suppressed, with many rebels killed or later executed.
Chapter 9 presentation
The document summarizes key aspects of medieval Europe from the 9th to 11th centuries. It describes the Byzantine Empire, which continued Roman imperial rule but lost territory to attacks and split from the Catholic church. Society became more aristocratic and families gained power. It also covers early medieval Europe, describing a time of insecurity after Rome fell, the rise of self-sufficient manors and serfdom, and the growing prominence of knights and the system of lords and vassals with monarchs having little power.
Immigration/Migration
The document summarizes the Anglo-Saxon invasion and settlement of Britain following the withdrawal of Roman forces in the 5th century AD. It describes the various Germanic tribes involved, including the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, who originated from areas in modern-day Germany and Denmark. It discusses the social hierarchy that developed in Anglo-Saxon society, including kings, thanes, ceorls (freemen), and slaves. The invasion resulted in Celtic displacement and assimilation as the Anglo-Saxons established control over territory in Britain over the next 200 years.
Compositional Slideshow
This document is a compositional slideshow by Jordyn Blain that discusses six principles of photography - avoiding mergers, balance, simplicity, framing, rule of thirds, and lines. Each principle is illustrated with an image from Flickr credited to various photographers and dated between 2003 and 2010. Sources are listed at the bottom for the Flickr images used.
More Related Content
What's hot
Medieval period
The document discusses several key aspects of life in medieval England between 1066 and 1485, including the following:
1) Feudalism was the dominant social hierarchy, with the king at the top and serfs at the bottom, and each person swearing allegiance to those of higher status.
2) The Norman conquest in 1066 led by William the Conqueror established a powerful Anglo-Norman state and integrated England more with the rest of Europe.
3) The Catholic Church was the most powerful institution, controlling intellectual thought and participating in inquisitions until the Renaissance.
4) The Black Death plague in 1348 killed up to half of Europe's population and contributed to the
The medieval period
The document provides an overview of literature during the Medieval Period in England from 1066-1485. It discusses the major poets William Langland and Geoffrey Chaucer, with Chaucer being considered one of the greatest. Lyric and ballad poems were popular forms during this time. The Church also sponsored religious plays and dramas, with the morality drama Everyman being the most famous from the 15th century. The period saw changes in English language and society reflected in the writings of Langland and Chaucer.
The Feudal System
The document summarizes the feudal system that was prevalent in medieval Europe between the 5th and 16th centuries. It describes the basic living conditions for peasants, who lived in small huts and farmed small vegetable gardens to support themselves. There was also a class of freemen peasants who had slightly more independence as they paid rent but were not bound to the land. The feudal system was based on the king granting lands and titles of nobility to vassals in exchange for loyalty and services. Vassals would then govern their lands and collect taxes from peasants in exchange for protection. This hierarchical system dominated government and society across much of Western Europe during the medieval period.
Decline of Feudalism Lesson (Gagne's 9 Events)
The document summarizes the decline of feudalism in Europe. It occurred due to interactions between Europe and the Muslim world, which influenced new ideas and institutions. Specifically, the Black Plague weakened feudalism by reducing the population and increasing demands from workers. Additionally, the Magna Carta and Hundred Years War undermined feudalism by strengthening central governments and monarchies at the expense of local lords.
Ch 5 sec 2
Feudalism began to decline as towns formed and strong central governments established. Towns grew due to increased trade and opportunities, though nobles still owned the land. In England, William the Conqueror established the Norman dynasty and Henry II strengthened royal power. In France, Hugh Capet founded the Capetian dynasty and Phillip II expanded royal control over taxes and land. Both countries saw increased authority of central governments over time.
Feudalism ppt
Feudalism developed in Western Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire to address the lack of a central governing authority. With the collapse of Rome, hundreds of independent kingdoms emerged to fill the power vacuum. Peasants, facing insecurity, offered their labor to landowning lords in exchange for military protection. This led to the rise of a feudal system where lords provided security and land to vassals who then owed military service back to their lords. At the bottom were serfs who were bound to the land and provided labor but had little freedom. Overall, feudalism established hierarchies of obligation and service to maintain order in the unstable early Middle Ages following Rome's decline.
WAHG 2 Enlightenment
1) The most famous salon was hosted by Madam Geoffrin in Paris, where women gathered intellectuals and artists to discuss ideas from the Enlightenment.
2) Two enlightened despots, Frederick II of Prussia and Catherine the Great of Russia, reformed laws and granted new rights to citizens while expanding their empires.
3) Joseph II, the Holy Roman Emperor, tried to modernize the Austrian empire by granting new freedoms to religious minorities and peasants, though many reforms were reversed after his death.
13.2 - Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism developed in Western Europe following the decline of Charlemagne's empire in the 9th century. Under feudalism, society was organized into a pyramid-like hierarchy with the king at the top granting land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service. Nobles then granted land to knights who granted land to peasants, who lived on and worked the land in exchange for protection. Peasants had little freedom and lived difficult lives, but their servitude was tied to the land rather than being slaves. The feudal system helped provide security and governance in a decentralized political environment vulnerable to invaders.
The anglo-saxon-tribes-and-the-norman-conquerors
The document discusses the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 and the effects it had. It compares the Anglo-Saxons and Normans before the conquest. The Anglo-Saxons lived in separate kingdoms and spoke Old English, while the Normans were led by William the Conqueror. After defeating the Anglo-Saxons at Hastings, William consolidated Norman power by granting lands to barons. Over time, French became the language of government and English culture declined, though intermarriage showed the Normans respected local customs. The conquest established a new ruling class but a symbiotic relationship developed between Normans and native Anglo-Saxons.
13.2 feudalism in europe
Feudalism emerges in Europe as a political and economic system based on landholding and protection in exchange for services. As invaders like the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims attacked Europe, feudalism structured society into a pyramid with the king at the top, lords and nobles below providing land grants to vassals who became knights and protected the land. Society was divided into those who fight, those who pray, and those who work, mainly peasants who lived on self-sufficient manors providing goods to the lord in exchange for housing and protection.
Part 3 The Baroque Era - an overview
European cultural contributions to music in the Baroque era
Based on Mark Evan Bonds' A History of Music in Western Culture, 4th edition
Europe in the Middle Ages
The population of Europe almost doubled between 1000-1300 AD due to increased stability, improved farming techniques, and favorable climate conditions. More land was cleared for agriculture. The introduction of iron tools like the plow and wind/water power aided farming. Most peasants became serfs legally bound to work lands owned by noble lords in exchange for protection. Serfs had many restrictions but could not be sold as slaves. Peasant life was simple and centered around agricultural seasons and numerous Catholic holidays. Emerging trade and the growth of cities in the 11th-12th centuries began shifting Europe's economic foundation away from being exclusively agricultural.
5 4 the power of kings
1) Under feudalism, powerful nobles held land and vassals, sometimes more than the king.
2) The growth of towns and the middle class contributed to the decline of feudalism as kings gained support in exchange for protecting towns.
3) Kings used new financial resources to attack troublesome nobles and weaken their power, contributing to the rise of strong centralized nations under kings.
Feudalism
After Charlemagne's death, his empire was divided and Europe experienced increased invasions which led to the rise of feudalism. Feudalism was a system where lords granted land to vassals who then provided military service in exchange. This system established hierarchies with peasants at the bottom working the land under lords and knights. Peasants lived confined lives paying taxes and duties on manors which were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates ruled over by lords.
Middle age vocab
The document defines key terms from the Middle Ages, including:
- The Middle Ages lasted from 500-1500 AD and is also called the medieval period.
- A pope is the head of the Christian church and one pope wanted Europeans to take back the Holy Land, the area where Jesus lived in Southwest Asia.
- Gothic architecture featured pointed ceilings, tall towers and stained glass windows.
- Feudalism was a system where nobles exchanged land for military service from knights. Manors were large estates owned by nobles or knights that controlled most economic activities in Europe.
- The Black Death was a series of deadly plagues from 1347-1351 that killed millions across Europe
The medieval period notes
The Medieval Period in England lasted from 1066 to 1485. Key events included the Norman invasion led by William the Conqueror in 1066, the establishment of feudalism under William, and the rule of the Plantagenet dynasty from 1154 onwards. The Black Death plague of 1348-1349 killed around half of England's population and weakened the feudal system. Literature also developed during this time, including poems, ballads, morality plays, and Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales in the late 14th century.
the roman empire, slaves and workers
an empire across three continents chapter 3 ncert class 11 history.
controlling slaves and workers..
10 f2013 Peasant Revolt of 1381
The document provides background information on the Peasants' Revolt of 1381 in England. It describes long-term causes of unrest among peasants, including changes in labor laws and social mobility, as well as immediate triggers like excessive new taxes. When tax collectors abused peasants, widespread uprisings broke out led by figures like Wat Tyler and John Ball. Rebels from Essex and Norfolk marched on London and demanded economic reforms. Richard II negotiated with them but the revolt turned violent and was eventually suppressed, with many rebels killed or later executed.
Chapter 9 presentation
The document summarizes key aspects of medieval Europe from the 9th to 11th centuries. It describes the Byzantine Empire, which continued Roman imperial rule but lost territory to attacks and split from the Catholic church. Society became more aristocratic and families gained power. It also covers early medieval Europe, describing a time of insecurity after Rome fell, the rise of self-sufficient manors and serfdom, and the growing prominence of knights and the system of lords and vassals with monarchs having little power.
Immigration/Migration
The document summarizes the Anglo-Saxon invasion and settlement of Britain following the withdrawal of Roman forces in the 5th century AD. It describes the various Germanic tribes involved, including the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, who originated from areas in modern-day Germany and Denmark. It discusses the social hierarchy that developed in Anglo-Saxon society, including kings, thanes, ceorls (freemen), and slaves. The invasion resulted in Celtic displacement and assimilation as the Anglo-Saxons established control over territory in Britain over the next 200 years.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Compositional Slideshow
This document is a compositional slideshow by Jordyn Blain that discusses six principles of photography - avoiding mergers, balance, simplicity, framing, rule of thirds, and lines. Each principle is illustrated with an image from Flickr credited to various photographers and dated between 2003 and 2010. Sources are listed at the bottom for the Flickr images used.
Compositional Slideshow
This document is a compositional slideshow created by Jordyn Blain that discusses six principles of photography - avoiding mergers, balance, simplicity, framing, rule of thirds, and lines. It provides the source information and dates for stock images from Flickr used for each of the six principles.
Guercio 3rd pd. feudalism
Under feudalism in England, society was strictly hierarchical. The king was at the top and granted land to lords in exchange for military service. Lords then employed serfs to farm the land in return for a share of crops. Feudalism established obligations of loyalty from lowest to highest ranks and was reinforced by a code of chivalry governing knights' conduct. It began to weaken after the Magna Carta limited the king's power and the Black Death allowed lower classes more opportunities.
01 introduction new
The document discusses Personal Communication Services (PCS) and provides examples of different wireless communication systems, including cellular and cordless systems. It describes key aspects of cellular systems like Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), EIA/TIA IS-136, and EIA/TIA IS-95 standards. These include multiple access techniques, frequency bands, channel structures, features supported, and mobility management protocols. PCS networks integrate these wireless systems to provide mobile communication services connected to the public switched telephone network.
Courtly love p.1
Courtly love originated in 12th century Aquitaine and was practiced by the nobility. It involved secret extramarital affairs between nobles and ladies that were characterized by rituals of gift-giving and adherence to codes of conduct. While adulterous, courtly love was celebrated in imaginative literature before becoming a social practice. The ideals of courtly love were documented by authors like Geoffrey Chaucer and rules were established by Andreas Capellanus, such as the idea that true love cannot be bound and jealousy increases love. Courtly love spread across Europe but declined after the Albigensian Crusade in the 13th century.
Science and Sensibility: Thoughts on Experimentation and Growth
Lean Startup has become the default methodology for building successful online products, but the conditions change as companies grow. Through examples of real experiments, Hilary—a Senior Product Manager at Skyscanner—explores some of the challenges of experimentation at scale, and reveals how to avoid some of the negative side effects of being overly data-driven.
This deck was presented as part of Canvas Conf 2016 http://canvasconference.co.uk/
Compositional Slideshow
This document is a compositional slideshow by Jordyn Blain that discusses six principles of photography - avoiding mergers, balance, simplicity, framing, rule of thirds, and lines. Each principle is illustrated with an image from Flickr credited to various photographers and dated between 2003 and 2010. Sources are listed at the bottom for the Flickr images used.
Aop spring
The document discusses aspect-oriented programming (AOP) using Spring to modularize cross-cutting concerns like transaction management and logging. It provides examples of how logging and transaction code is duplicated across methods in a banking application. It then introduces AOP concepts like joinpoints, pointcuts, advice, and aspects to extract cross-cutting behavior into separate modules. Finally, it demonstrates how Spring AOP can be used to add login/logout advice around a customer's browsing method to track internet cafe usage.
Alcoholism and associated disorders
Alcohol abuse and dependence can be categorized into five types based on patterns of use. It progresses through four phases from social drinking to relieve stress, to loss of control and physiological dependence in phase three. Etiological factors include genetic, psychological, and social influences. Complications affect multiple body systems and lead to medical issues like liver disease as well as social problems. Treatment involves detoxification using benzodiazepines followed by behavioral therapies, medication, and rehabilitation to address the biological and psychosocial aspects of the disorder.
Botanical Gardens
The Botanical Garden is a place where plants are grown and displayed for scientific and educational purposes. It contains a wide variety of plant species and plant communities in different climate zones and environments. Visitors can learn about plants through walking trails, exhibits, and educational programs at the Botanical Garden.
Viewers also liked (14)
Science and Sensibility: Thoughts on Experimentation and Growth
Science and Sensibility: Thoughts on Experimentation and Growth
Similar to Guercio 3rd pd. feudalism
Feudalism
Feudalism established a strict social hierarchy in medieval England following the Norman invasion. At the top was the king, who granted land to barons in exchange for loyalty and military service. Barons then granted land to knights who swore loyalty to their baron and protected their lands. Peasants lived on and worked the lands but had few rights. The system declined due to the Black Death reducing the population and the Peasants' Revolt which demanded changes to their treatment.
MIDDLE AGES AND FEUDALISM AND MEDIEVAL PERIOD
This document provides an overview of medieval Europe during the Middle Ages. It discusses the rise of the Holy Roman Empire under Charlemagne in the late 8th century, which reunited much of Western Europe. It also describes the development of feudalism and the social hierarchy that emerged, with nobles, knights, and peasants. Peasants lived under feudal contracts and were essentially tied to the land. The document notes improvements to medieval agriculture that increased food production. The Roman Catholic Church played a powerful role in feudal society and politics.
European Middle Ages Update
The document provides background information on medieval Europe, including:
1. Charlemagne united much of Western Europe and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 800.
2. Feudalism developed as a political and military system based on land ownership and loyalty between lords and vassals. Peasants lived and worked on manors.
3. The Catholic Church was highly influential and competed for power with political rulers. Excommunication was used as a threat against kings.
The medieval period
William the Conqueror defeated King Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, marking the end of the Anglo-Saxon period in England and the beginning of the Medieval period. He enacted the Domesday Book, a census and tax record, and brought stability and prosperity. The Medieval period saw conflicts like the Hundred Years' War and Wars of the Roses, as well as the devastating Black Death plague. Feudalism dominated the political and economic system, and the Church grew immensely wealthy. Literature was influenced by the ideals of chivalry and courtly love popularized through stories of King Arthur.
Feudalization process and the Late Middle Ages in the Iberian Peninsula
The document summarizes the development of feudalism in the Iberian Peninsula during the late Middle Ages. It describes how feudal relations spread through Christian territories as they reconquered land from the Muslims. Lords held lands and rights over the people living on them, in exchange for services and loyalty to kings. Society was divided into nobles, the church, and peasants. The economy was largely agricultural for subsistence. Politically, kings in Castile consolidated power while those in Aragon had to respect the rights of each territory. The Crown of Aragon expanded south and into the Mediterranean.
Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages saw the decline of the Western Roman Empire and rise of feudal systems of government. Germanic tribes invaded Western Europe beginning in the 400s CE, disrupting trade and weakening centralized rule. With no strong central governments, people entered into agreements with local lords to receive protection in exchange for farming lands and other services. This led to a stratified society consisting of nobles, clergy, and peasants. Peasants lived difficult lives toiling on manorial estates under this new feudal system.
Feudalism Notes
Feudalism developed in Europe after Charlemagne's death when organized government disappeared. Society was structured with the king and nobility at the top, followed by knights, then peasants at the bottom. People entered into feudal contracts exchanging labor and goods for military protection. Manors were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates worked by serfs who gave most of their produce to the lord in exchange for land.
Essay On Feudalism
Feudalism arose in Western Europe after the fall of the Carolingian Empire as a means of providing protection and order to the people. Under feudalism, kings granted land to lords in exchange for military service, and lords granted land to vassals who would fight for their lord. This system involved complex relationships and obligations of homage and loyalty between social classes. Feudalism stabilized society during turbulent times but also stratified it into a rigid hierarchy.
Feudalism
Feudalism originated in France after the Norman invasion of England in 1066, establishing a hierarchy with the king at the top owning all land, which he granted to loyal lords in exchange for military service. Lords then exploited serfs who lived and worked on their manor estates, providing the basis for the feudal economic system. This system declined over time due to factors like the Crusades, the Black Death, peasant revolts, and the growth of trade and cities.
Feudalism teoria
Feudalism developed in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire. Society was divided into estates with lords ruling over lands and peasants. The lands were divided into fiefs, with the lord's residence and demesne producing food and the holdings farmed by peasants. Peasants owed labor and taxes to the lord in exchange for protection. The feudal system established a hierarchical society topped by kings and clergy. The system began to break down during the Crusades as trade increased between Europe and the East.
Britishhistory1
- Pre-feudal Britain was inhabited by various groups including cavemen, Iberians, Gaels, Britons, and Anglo-Saxons. The Romans occupied Britain from 55 BC to 410 AD.
- Feudalism developed in Britain after the Norman conquest in 1066. William the Conqueror defeated King Harold and became the first Norman king of England. Feudalism established a strict social hierarchy with the monarch at the top.
- Parliament originated as an advisory assembly for the king but evolved to include representatives from shires and boroughs. This helped limit the king's power and marked the beginning of a constitutional monarchy in Britain.
part two_ British history-nox.docx
The document summarizes key aspects of feudalism in British history and its decline. Under feudalism, land was owned by the king and granted to lords in exchange for loyalty and military service. Lords then rented land to peasants. The system began declining due to factors like the Black Death reducing the peasant population, increasing urbanization, and the use of mercenaries instead of knights. Trade also contributed to the shift from a land-based economy to a money-based one.
Unit 7 lesson 2
The fall of the Roman Empire led to the rise of the Middle Ages. As large cities declined and invaders increased, people formed isolated self-sufficient communities called manors centered around a lord for protection. This feudal system established hierarchies with kings, lords, and knights controlling land and serfs. The Catholic Church rose to power in the absence of strong empires, establishing monasteries that preserved knowledge and converted people to Christianity. Conflicts between powers led to events like the Norman invasion of England and Crusades that impacted medieval development.
9.1
- Feudal monarchs had limited power and relied on vassals for military support, while nobles and the Church had significant power in their own domains.
- Both nobles and the Church collected taxes and had their own courts and armies.
- Monarchs tried to centralize power by expanding their royal domains, establishing centralized justice and tax systems, and building standing armies. They also strengthened ties with the middle class.
- After the death of King Edward in 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England from Normandy and defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings, becoming the new King of England.
The Middle Ages
During the Medieval period in Europe from 500-1400 AD:
1. The fall of the Western Roman Empire led to disruption of trade, the downfall of cities, and a population shift to the countryside as people turned to the Church for stability and order.
2. Feudalism and the manorial system provided a social and economic structure where lords granted land to vassals who provided military and labor services in return.
3. The Crusades were a series of religious wars called by the Pope starting in 1095 in response to Muslim conquests. They temporarily resulted in Christian control of Jerusalem but ultimately failed to retain the Holy Land.
Feudalism
Feudalism developed in Western Europe following the collapse of the Roman political order. As Roman rule gave way to anarchy in the 5th century, kings had to rely more on local nobles to administer their kingdoms, granting them land in exchange for military service. This led to the decentralization of political power as nobles subdivided their lands among lesser nobles. Though this system led to instability and conflict at first, feudalism provided some defense against raids and invasions in the absence of strong central government. By 1000 AD feudalism had established a degree of stability in Western Europe, setting the stage for renewed civilization in the High Middle Ages.
ддд.pptx
The document summarizes the Norman conquest of England in 1066 and its aftermath. It describes who the Normans were, how William the Conqueror invaded and defeated the English army at the Battle of Hastings to become King of England. It then discusses how William established a feudal system, built castles, retained some Anglo-Saxon institutions like shires and sheriffs, and introduced Anglo-Norman, changing the language of England. The period saw civil unrest and wars with Europe and the establishment of a line of Norman kings of England.
European Feudalism
Feudalism was a political and economic system that occurred in Europe from the 5th to 12th centuries. It was based on the exchange of land for loyalty and military service between lords and vassals. Kings would grant land to lords, who would then give portions to vassals in exchange for their protection and service. This system helped bring order to Europe following invasions and instability after the fall of the Carolingian Empire.
UNIT2: Feudal europe
The document discusses feudal Europe, beginning with the Carolingian Empire established by Charlemagne in the 8th century. After Charlemagne's death, the empire was divided among his grandsons. It then describes the second wave of invasions from Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims in the 9th-10th centuries, which weakened royal authority. This led to the rise of feudalism, a political and economic system where kings granted land to nobles who provided military service, and nobles granted land to knights and vassals. Society was organized into three estates - nobility, clergy, and peasants, with peasants divided into serfs or free peasants. The system shaped rural life on fiefs
Middle ages
The Middle Ages saw major changes in England beginning in 1066 with the Norman conquest. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, invaded England and defeated King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, establishing Norman rule. William implemented a feudal system dividing lands among his nobles, bringing Norman-French culture and administrative reforms. Feudalism established a strict social hierarchy from king to serfs. The rise of chivalry and courtly love influenced knights' behavior. Major events like the Crusades, Black Death plague, and Thomas Becket's martyrdom impacted society. Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, written in the late 14th century, provides insight into life at the end of the Middle
Similar to Guercio 3rd pd. feudalism (20)
Feudalization process and the Late Middle Ages in the Iberian Peninsula
Feudalization process and the Late Middle Ages in the Iberian Peninsula
Recently uploaded
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
BBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdNatural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcHindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Recently uploaded (20)
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
Guercio 3rd pd. feudalism
- 2. Under the system of feudalism, English society was divided into a clear hierarchy- a social and economic ranking-with the king at the top Under the kings were the lords to whom the king gave parcels of land, called fiefs, in return for their loyalty At the bottom were the serfs, who farmed small plots of land belonging to their lords and gave a portion of their crops to their lords
- 3. It was based on land exchange for military services It was used by king William to reward his Norman supporters for their help in the conquest of England It demanded that everyone owed allegiance to the king
- 4. Feudalism’s hierarchy was also reinforced by a code of conduct known as chivalry - a knight pledged to be loyal to his lord at any cost - to honor women - to protect the weak - to right injustices - to defend the Christian faith
- 5. Under the feudal system, the king also appointed bishops, and gave land to them Frequent clashes occurred - over government control over the church - over church control over nonreligious matters
- 6. Feudalism was weakened by the signing of the Magna Carta, which was a document that made the king under the law and to protect the rights of free citizens Itwas also weakened by the black death, which killed off about one-third of England’s people - lower class citizens were able to make money and take higher positions in society
- 7. Warfare had caused feudalism The Carolingian empire was ruled by one man who didn’t have well developed institutions to carry out his will, which threatened europe anarchy when the empire was disappearing As a result, kings and emperors adopted feudalism to strengthen their monarchies when it proved to its worth on a local basis
- 8. www.middle-ages.org.uk/feudalism.htm www.blackstudies.ucsb.edu/antillians/feudal ism.html Glenco Literature British Literature TextBook