The document is a project report on a 'GSM Based Theft Detection Alert System' developed by Faizan Shafi as part of an M.Tech degree at Pondicherry University. The system aims to prevent vehicle theft by sending alert messages to the vehicle owner and activating alarm lights when potential theft is detected. It utilizes GSM technology, Arduino-based programming, and various electronic components to create a reliable and cost-effective solution for vehicle security.

1. PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY
( Pondicherry University,Chinna Kalapet,Kalapet,Puducherry -605014)
A PROJECT REPORT
ON
“GSM BASED THEFT DETECTED
ALERT SYSTEM”
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Award of Degree of
M-TECH ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
FAIZAN SHAFI [21304012]
Under the Guidance of
Dr. P.Samundiswary
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY,KALAPET,
PUDUCHERRY-605014

2. CONTENTS
S.NO Topics Page no.
1. OBJECTIVE 1
2. PROJECT SCOPE 1
3. GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE (GSM) 2
4. SIM 900 GSM/GPRS MODULE 4
5. ARDUINO 6
6. VIBRATION SENSOR-SW 420 10
7. SCHEMATICDESIGN 13
8. ARDUINO PROGRAMMING CODE 13
9. CONCLUSION 15
10. REFERENCES 16
11. SOFTWARES USED 16

3. OBJECTIVE
The objective of vehicle theft detection system is to provide prevention of theft activity for
any vehicle. Electronic gadgets being a great advancement in the field of technology, these
can be used to solve so many day to day problems. If we talk about the theft activity then this
mainly happens with vehicles. The technology has also given great solution for these
activities. The purpose of this project is to prevent vehicle theft detection. The issue of vehicle
theft has increased tremendously nowadays.
PROJECT SCOPE
There are large number of vehicles that are stolen by thieves in our surroundings daily as per
reports. The owner of vehicle has to register a complaint to police. Before the police caught
the thief, they expel the different parts of vehicle and use these expelled parts into other
vehicles. Sometimes this type of cases is not solved by the police also. This system is used for
any vehicle like bus, bikes or cars and is cost effective. The main scope of this project is to
send an alert message to the owner of the vehicle when the vehicle is about to get stolen.
With an alert message also the alarm lights get activated to give us an indication of theft.
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4. GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE(GSM)
Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second-generation cellular system standard that was
developed to solve the fragmentation problems of the first cellular systems in Europe. GSM
was the world's first cellular system to specify digital modulation and network level
architectures and services, and is the world’s most popular 2G technology. Before GSM,
European countries used different cellular standards throughout the continent, and it was not
possible for a customer to use a single subscriber unit throughout Europe. GSM was originally
developed to serve as the pan-European cellular service and promised a wide range of
network services through the use of ISDN.GSM's success has exceeded the expectations of
virtually everyone, and it is now the world's most popular standard for new cellular radio and
personal communications equipment throughout the world. As of 2001, there were over 350
million GSM subscribers worldwide.
The task of specifying a common mobile communication system for Europe in the 900 MHz
band was taken up in the mid-1980s by the GSM (Groupe special mobile) committee which
was a working group of the (CEPT). In 1992, GSM changed its name to the Global System for
Mobile Communications for marketing reasons. The setting of standards for GSM is currently
under the aegis of the European Technical Standards Institute (ETSI).
GSM was first introduced into the European market in 1991. By the end of 1993, several non-
European countries in South America, Asia, and Australia had adopted GSM and the
technically equivalent offshoot, DCS 1800, which supports Personal Communication Services
(PCS) in the 1.8 GHz to 2.0 GHz radio bands recently created by governments throughout the
world.
GSM Services and Features
GSM services follow ISDN guidelines and are classified as either teleservices or data services.
Teleservices include standard mobile telephony and mobile-originated or base-originated
traffic. Data services include computer-to computer communication and packet-switched
traffic. User services may be divided into three major categories:
•Telephone services: It includes emergency calling and facsimile. GSM also supports
Videotex and Teletex, though they are not integral parts of the GSM standard.
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5. •Bearer services or data services which are limited to layers 1, 2, and 3 of the open system
interconnection (OSI) reference model. Supported services include packet switched protocols and
data rates from 300 bps to 9.6 kbps. Data may be transmitted using either a transparent mode (where
GSM provides standard channel coding for the user data) or non-transparent mode (where GSM offers
special coding efficiencies based on the particular data interface).
•Supplementary ISDN services are digital in nature, and include call diversion, closed user groups,
and caller identification, and are not available in analog mobile networks. Supplementary services also
include the short messaging service (SMS) which allows GSM subscribers and base stations to transmit
alphanumeric pages of limited length (1607-bit ASCII characters) while simultaneously carrying normal
voice traffic. SMS also provides cell broadcast, which allows GSM base stations to repetitively transmit
ASCII messages with as many as fifteen 93-character strings in concatenated fashion. SMS may be used
for safety and advisory applications, such as the broadcast of highway or weather information to all
GSM subscribers within reception range.
•Subscriber Identity Module (SIM): From the user's point of view, one of the most
remarkable features of GSM is the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), which is a memory
device that stores information such as the subscriber's identification number, the networks
and countries where the subscriber is entitled to service, privacy keys, and other user-specific
information. A subscriber uses the SIM with a 4-digit personal ID number to activate service
from any GSM phone. SIM's are available as smart (credit card sized cards that may be
inserted into any GSM phone) or plug-in modules, which are less convenient than the SIM
cards but are nonetheless removable and portable. Without a SIM installed, all GSM mobiles
are identical and non-operational. It is the SIM that gives GSM subscriber units their identity.
Subscribers may plug their SIM into any suitable terminal — such as a hotel phone, public
phone, or any portable or mobile phone — and are then able to have all incoming GSM calls
routed to that terminal and have all outgoing calls billed to their home phone, no matter
where they are in the world.
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6. SIM 900-GSM/GPRS MODULE
The SIM900 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS solution in a SMT module which can be
embedded in the customer applications. Featuring an industry
standard interface, the SIM900 delivers GSM/GPRS 850/900/1800/1900MHz performance
for voice, SMS, Data, and Fax in a small form factor and with low power consumption.
With a tiny configuration of 24mm x 24mm x 3 mm, SIM900 can fit almost all the space
requirements in your M2M application, especially for slim and compact demand of design.
Features:
 SIM900 is designed with a very powerful single-chip processor integrating
AMR926EJ-S core
 Quad - band GSM/GPRS module with a size of 24mmx24mmx3mm
 SMT type suit for customer application
 An embedded Powerful TCP/IP protocol stack
 Based upon mature and field-provenplatform, backed up by our support service, from
definition to design and production
SIM900 General Specification:
 Quad-Band 850/ 900/ 1800/ 1900 MHz
 GPRS multi-slot class 10/8
 GPRS mobile station class B
 Dimensions: 24x24x3mm
 Weight: 3.4g
 SIM application toolkit
 Supply voltage range: 3.4V to 4.5V
 Low power consumption: 1.0mA (sleep mode)
 Operation temperature: -40°C to +85 °C
 Data
o GPRS class 10: max. 85.6 kbps (downlink)
o PBCCH support
o Coding schemes CS 1, 2, 3, 4
o CSD up to 14.4 kbps
o USSD
o Non transparent mode
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7.  SMS
o Point to point MO and MT
o SMS cell broadcast
o Text and PDU mode
 Voice
o Tricodec
o Half rate (HR)
o Full rate (FR)
o Enhanced Full rate (EFR)
o Hands-free operation (Echo suppression)
o AMR
o Half rate (HR)
o Full rate (FR)
 Other features
o 0710 MUX protocol
o Embedded TCP/UDP protocol
o FTP/HTTP
 Interfaces
o Interface to external SIM 3V/ 1.8V
o Analog audio interface
o RTC backup
o SPI interface (option)
o Serial interface
o Antenna pad
o GPIO
o PWM
o ADC
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8. WHY ARDUINO
The Arduino Uno is one of the most common Arduino boards available, and it has some user-
friendly features, including large 2.54mm pitched sockets for connecting to external devices,
an onboard LED, inbuilt power handling (such as an external DC power jack), and a large USB
connector for connecting to a PC.
ARDUINO
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software.
Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter
message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing
something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the
microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on
Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
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9. PIN DESCRIPTION:
Serial / UART: pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data.
These pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL serial chip.
External interrupts: pins 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a
low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value.
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM): pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Can provide 8-bit PWM output
with the analog Write() function.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI): pins 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), and 13 (SCK). These pins
support SPI communication using the SPI library.
Two Wire Interface (TWI) / I2C: pin SDA (A4) and pin SCL (A5). Support TWI communication
using the Wire library.
Analog Reference (AREF): Reference voltage for the analog inputs.
Arduino Uno Pinout Configuration:
Pin Category Pin
Name
Details
Power Vin,
3.3V,
5V,
GND
Vin: Input voltage to Arduino when using an external power source.
5V: Regulated power supply used to power microcontroller and
other components on the board.
3.3V: 3.3V supply generated by on-board voltage regulator.
Maximum current draw is 50mA.
GND: ground pins.
Reset Reset Resets the microcontroller.
Analog Pins A0 – A5 Used to provide analog input in the range of 0-5V
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10. Input/Output
Pins
Digital
Pins 0 -
13
Can be used as input or output pins.
Serial 0(Rx),
1(Tx)
Used to receive and transmit TTL serial data.
External
Interrupts
2, 3 To trigger an interrupt.
PWM 3, 5, 6,
9, 11
Provides 8-bit PWM output.
SPI 10 (SS),
11
(MOSI),
12
(MISO)
and 13
(SCK)
Used for SPI communication.
Inbuilt LED 13 To turn on the inbuilt LED.
AREF AREF To provide reference voltage for input voltage.
TWI A4
(SDA)
A5
(SCA)
Used for TWI communication.
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11. Arduino Uno Technical Specifications:
Microcontroller ATmega328P – 8 bit AVR family microcontroller
Operating Voltage 5V
Recommended Input
Voltage
7-12V
Input Voltage Limits 6-20V
Analog Input Pins 6 (A0 – A5)
Digital I/O Pins 14 (Out of which 6 provide PWM output)
DC Current on I/O Pins 40 mA
DC Current on 3.3V
Pin
50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (0.5 KB is used for Bootloader)
SRAM 2 KB
EEPROM 1 KB
Frequency(Clock
Speed)
16 MHz
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12. VIBRATION SENSOR SW-420
The vibration sensor module based on the vibration sensor SW-420 and Comparator LM393
is used to detect vibrations. The threshold can adjust using an on-board potentiometer.
During no vibration, the sensor provides Logic Low and when the vibration is detected, the
sensor provides Logic High.
Pin Configuration of Vibration Sensor Module:
Pin
Name
Description
VCC The Vcc pin powers the module, typically with +5V
GND Power Supply Ground
DO Digital Out Pin for Digital Output.
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13. Vibration Sensor Module Features & Specifications:
 Operating Voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC
 Operating Current: 15mA
 Using SW-420 normally closed type vibration sensor
 LEDs indicating output and power
 LM393 based design
 Easy to use with Microcontrollers or even with normal Digital/Analog IC
 With bolt holes for easy installation
 Small, cheap and easily available
Brief about SW-420 Vibration Sensor Module:
This Vibration Sensor Module consists of an SW-420 Vibration Sensor, resistors, capacitor,
potentiometer, comparator LM393 IC, Power LED , and status LED in an integrated circuit. It
is useful for a variety of shocks triggering, theft alarm, smart car, an earthquake alarm,
motorcycle alarm, etc.
LM393 IC
LM393 Comparator IC is used as a voltage comparator in this vibration sensor module. Pin 2
of LM393 is connected to Preset (10KΩ Pot) while pin 3 is connected to vibration sensor. The
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14. comparator IC will compare the threshold voltage set using the preset (pin2) and the Vibration
Sensor pin (pin3).
Preset (Trimmer pot)
Using the onboard preset, you can adjust the threshold (sensitivity) of the digital output.
SW-420 Vibration Switch
Vibration switch recognizes the amplitude of the vibration to which it is exposed. The switch
response can be electrical contact closure or contact opening. The electrical contact may be
either an electromechanical relay or a solid-state device.
Applications of Vibration Sensor Module:
 Shocks triggering
 Theft alarm
 Smart car
 Earthquake alarm
 Motorcycle alarm
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15. SCHEMATIC DESIGN
CODE
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2);
SoftwareSerial GSM(0,1);
const int Switch=8;
const int Sensor=9;
int Buzzer=13;
void setup() {
pinMode(Sensor,INPUT);
pinMode(Buzzer,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(16, 2);
}
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16. //Set vibration detection threshould 500
void loop() {
// Print a message to the LCD.
if(digitalRead(Switch)==HIGH)
{
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("Security System ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" ON ");
if(digitalRead(Sensor)==HIGH)
{
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("Theft Detected ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("Sending SMS.....");
//Turn on Alarm here
digitalWrite(13,HIGH); //Turn on Alarm connect buzzer to this pin through
transistor
sendSMS();
delay(500);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(13,LOW); //Turn off alarm
}
}
else
{
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("Security System ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" Deactivated ");
}
}
void sendSMS()
{
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17. //Delete privious sent SMS
Serial.println("AT+CMGD=1");
delay(100);
//Set SMS configuration
Serial.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay(100);
Serial.print("AT+CMGW="); //Write New SMS
Serial.write(34); //Double quotes ASCII Code
Serial.print("+919596450584"); //Enter Your Mobile number
Serial.write(34);
Serial.println(); //Send Crrige return
delay(400);
Serial.println("Alert : Theft Detected");
delay(100);
Serial.write(26); //Cntrl+Z
delay(100);
delay(100);
//Send SMS from memory location 1
Serial.println("AT+CMSS=1");
delay(100);
}
CONCLUSION
In the above mentioned paper, theft detection and reporting system was designed,
prototyped, and tested. The proposed system accurately detected the presence of intruders.
The conclusion of vehicle theft detection system is to provide prevention of theft activity for
any vehicle. This results in the prevention of theft like activities at a great level. This project
has the wide range of applications at higher levels.
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18. REFERENCES
• www.arduino.cc
 www.theengineeringprojects.com
 https://components101.com
 https://www.rhydolabz.com
SOFTWARES USED
• PROTEUS 8.9 (Virtual Design and Real Simulation)
• ARDUINO IDE - to code the Arduino circuit board
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