Growth and development of the human body Growth of cells and protein synthesis secede from the whole body

1. GROWTH
GROWTH

2. Growth is a natural process that occurs as cells divide and multiply, leading
to an increase in the size and complexity of an organism.
Growth of Cell
Cell growth is a complex process that involves the replication and expansion
of individual cells.
 During cell growth, cells increase in size and mass as they take in nutrients
and molecules from their environment and use them to build new cellular
components, such as proteins, lipids and DNA.

3. The growth of cells is regulated by a variety of factors, including hormonal signals,
environmental cues, and genetic instructions.
For example, growth factors and hormones such as insulin-like growth factor 1 and human
growth hormone can stimulate cell growth and division,
 while environmental factors such as nutrient availability, temperature, and pH can also
influence the rate and extent of cell growth.
Cell growth is an essential component of many biological processes, including tissue repair,
development, and regeneration.
 However, uncontrolled cell growth can lead to the formation of tumors and cancer, where
cells divide uncontrollably and form abnormal masses of tissue

4. Stages of cell cycle
The cell cycle is a series of events that occur during the life cycle of a cell.
 It is a highly regulated process that involves the growth, replication, and
division of cells. The cell cycle is divided into several stages, including
 G1 (Gap 1) phase
 S (Synthesis) phase
 G2 (Gap 2) phase
 M (Mitosis) phase
 Cytokinesis

5. Stages of cell cycle
 G1 (Gap 1) phase: During this phase, the cell grows in size and prepares to replicate its DNA.
The cell also synthesizes RNA and proteins to support DNA replication.
 S (Synthesis) phase: During this phase, DNA replication takes place, resulting in the formation
of two identical copies of each chromosome.
 G2 (Gap 2) phase: During this phase, the cell continues to grow and prepare for cell division.
The cell synthesizes proteins and organelles necessary for cell division.
 M (Mitosis) phase: During this phase, the cell divides into two daughter cells. Mitosis is further
divided into several sub-phases, including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
 Cytokinesis: During this final stage, the cytoplasm and organelles are divided between the two
daughter cells, resulting in the formation of two new identical cells.

6. Stages of cell cycle

7. Phases of Growth In Plants
The three main phases of growth in plants are:
 Vegetative phase: This is the initial phase of growth in plants, where the focus is on
building the plant's structural foundation through the production of leaves, stems, and roots.
 During this phase, the plant is primarily focused on photosynthesis and acquiring nutrients
from the soil.
 Reproductive phase: Once the plant has established a solid foundation in the vegetative
phase, it enters the reproductive phase, where it starts to produce flowers, fruits, and seeds.
 The reproductive phase is essential for the continuation of the species and is characterized
by the production of reproductive structures.

8.  Senescence phase: The senescence phase is the final phase of growth in
plants, where the plant begins to age and eventually dies.
 During this phase, the plant's ability to produce new tissues and structures
declines, and it starts to break down its existing tissues.
 The senescence phase can be triggered by a variety of factors, including age,
disease, and environmental stress.

9. GROWTH RATE AND GROWTH CONDITIONS
Growth rate
 Growth rate refers to the rate at which a plant or organism
increases in size or mass over a specific period of time.
 In plants, growth rate is influenced by several factors, including
genetic makeup, environmental conditions, and the availability of
nutrients and water.

11. Conditions For Growth
 Some of the elements essential for the growth of plants are oxygen, water,
and nutrients.
 Optimum temperature and light are also required for the proper growth and
development of the plant.