Presentation

2. MECHANICAL VIBRATION
TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL
VIBRATION
PRESENTED BY:
Nimra Bibi(2022-BSMLE-36)
Linta Tariq (2022-BSMLE-39)
Maryam Mustafa (2022-BSMLE-41)

3. Translational Motoion
 Translational motion refers to the type of oscillatory
motion in which an object or system moves back and
forth along a straight line or a specific direction.
 It is also called linear motion A straight motion of a
rigid body

4. Translational Motion
EXAMPLES:
• A car driving on a straight road
• A train moving on tracks
• A falling apple
• A person walking on running
• Mass spring system
• Piston in engine

5. Piston

6. Translational Motion
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT:
Translational motion is fundamental in physics
and engineering. It helps:
Predict how objects move under forces.
Design machines and vehicles.
Understand natural motion like falling objects
or flowing fluids.

7. Rotational Motion
Rotational Motion is a type of oscillatory motion
in which an object or system oscillates back
and forth around an axis. Unlike translational
vibration (which involves linear movement),
rotational vibration involves angular motion —
a twisting or turning effect.
A motion described by a rigid body about a
pivoted point (fixed point) about an axis
It should be clockwise or anti clock wise

9. Rotational Vibration
EQUATION:
• EXAMPLES:
• A wheel turning on a bicycle
• The crank shaft in a car engine
• Twisting of a torsion pendulum

11. Rotational Vibration
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT:
Helps detect mechanical faults in rotating
machinery.
Prevents resonance, which can damage
engines and rotors.
Improves performance and safety in rotating
systems.

13. Types of translational motion
Uniform Motion
Motion with constant velocity (speed and
direction).
Examples:
• A car cruising at a constant speed on a straight
highway.
• A conveyor belt moving at a constant speed.

14. Types of translational motion
Non-Uniform Translational Motion
Motion with changing velocity (speed or
direction).
Examples:
• A car accelerating or braking.
• A ball thrown upwards and then falling back
down.

15. Types of translational motion
Rectilinear Motion:
Motion in a straight line.
Examples:
• A car moving on a straight road.
• A ball thrown vertically upwards.
• A train traveling on a straight track

16. Types of translational motion
Curvilinear Motion:
Motion along a curved path.
Examples:
• A car turning a corner.
• A projectile motion (e.g., a thrown ball).
• A train traveling on a curved track.

17. Types of Rotational Motion
Uniform Rotational Motion
Object move with contant angular velocity with
no angular accelaration.
Example:
• a spining top rotating at a constanst rate.
• a wheel rotating at aconstant speed.

18. Types of Rotational Motion
Non-Uniform Rotational Motion
Motion with changing velocity (speed or
direction).
Examples:
• A car accelerating or braking.
• A ball thrown upwards and then falling back
down.

21. Advantages of Rotational
1. Efficient energy transfer: Rotational motion
can be used to transfer energy efficiently, as
seen in gears and motors.
2. Stable motion: Rotational motion can provide
stable and predictable movement, making it
useful in applications like gyroscopes.
3. Compact design: Rotational motion can be
achieved in compact designs, such as in
motors and generators.

22. Translational
1. Linear movement: Translational motion
allows for linear movement, which is
essential in many applications, such as
conveyor belts and linear actuators.
2. 2. Precise control: Translational motion can
be controlled precisely, making it useful in
applications like CNC machines and robotics.
3. 3. Direct motion: Translational motion can
provide direct motion, which is useful in
applications like transportation and material
handling.

23. Disadvantages of Rotational
1. Vibration and noise: Rotational motion can
generate vibration and noise, particularly at
high speeds.
2. Bearing wear: Rotational motion can cause
wear and tear on bearings, leading to
maintenance issues.
3. Energy loss: Rotational motion can result in
energy loss due to friction and other factors.

24. Translational
1. Limited range: Translational motion is often
limited to a specific range or distance.
2. Friction and wear: Translational motion can
cause friction and wear on moving parts,
leading to maintenance issues.
3. Control complexity: Controlling translational
motion can be complex, particularly in
systems with multiple axes or degrees of
freedom.

25. Applications
1. Machinery: Both rotational and translational
motion are used in machinery, such as
engines, pumps, and gearboxes.
2. Robotics: Rotational and translational motion
are used in robotics to achieve precise
movement and control.
3. Transportation: Translational motion is used
in transportation, such as in cars, trains, and
airplanes, while rotational motion is used in
wheels and engines.

26. Machinery used in both motion
• Lathes: Lathes use rotational motion to spin
the workpiece, while the cutting tool moves
translationally along the workpiece.
• Milling machines: Milling machines use
rotational motion to spin the cutting tool, while
the workpiece moves translationally in
multiple axes.
• Drilling machines: Drilling machines use
rotational motion to drill holes, while the drill
bit moves translationally into the workpiece.

27. Machinery:
• CNC machines: CNC (Computer Numerical
Control) machines use both rotational and
translational motion to perform various
machining operations, such as milling, drilling,
and turning.
• Industrial robots: Industrial robots often use a
combination of rotational and translational
motion to perform tasks like assembly,
welding, and material handling.