Rizal was born in 1861 in Calamba, Laguna to a wealthy family. He showed exceptional talent at a young age. He studied medicine in Manila, then furthered his studies in Europe. Rizal published his first novel Noli Me Tangere in 1887, which exposed corruption of the Spanish friars and officials in the Philippines. His second novel El Filibusterismo continued to criticize the Spanish colonial regime and highlighted the need for reform. Rizal was executed by the Spanish in 1896, solidifying his status as the Philippine's national hero. His works advocated for social reform and inspired the Philippine Revolution.