Groundwater contamination is a serious issue in Andhra Pradesh, India. A study of 28 groundwater samples from wells in Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh found that total dissolved solids exceeded the maximum permissible limit of 2,000 mg/l. Nitrate levels were also above the standard of 10mg/l in 17 samples, indicating man-made pollution from excessive fertilizer use for agriculture. High levels of sodium, calcium, and nitrogen can cause health issues like gastrointestinal irritation, high blood pressure, and blue baby disease. The overuse of chemical fertilizers for high crop yields is likely the main source of nitrate contamination in the region's groundwater. Proper monitoring and management strategies are needed like installing more pie

1. GROUND WATER
CONTAMINATION
PRESENTED BY :
REVANTH

2.  WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISRY
WHAT IS CONTAMINATION
WHAT IS THE EFFECTS OF GROUND WATER
CONTAMINATION
CONTENTS TO BE KNOWN

3. Environmental Chemistry deals with the study of chemical and
Bio-chemical processes that occur in the environment and affective
activities of human kind.
E.C is an interdisciplinary science that includes atmospheric,
aquatic and soil chemistry, as well as the study of chemical
processes occurring in the environment which are impacted by
human kinds activities.
It first involves in understanding how the uncontaminated environment works, which chemicals in what
concentrations are present naturally, and with what effects.
There are many thousands of chemicals affecting the environment in our modern society, and their use increasing
rapidly. It includes the soil, analytical, atmospheric and aquatic science fields. Thus the basic of the E.C is to study the
pollutants which effect on the environment and reduction process for contamination and proper management of
environment.
* The toxicity of any substance depends mainly on three factors which are
- The nature
- Concentration and
- Distribution of chemical substances

4. The distribution of any substance in atmosphere is the major criteria for its exposure in the environment.
* The transport of chemical is a process of distribution of chemicals in the environment while the fate of
chemicals deals with eventual disposition of chemicals. The main focus area involves the detection of pollutant
levels and their behaviour.

5. The word Contamination stands for the
presence of unwanted species or substances in
environment, any material or human body etc.,
These unwanted species are known as Contamination. All the
chemical substances have some “ Degree Of Contamination “. The
contaminants show the level of pollutants in atmosphere, the
presence of harmful toxins, microorganism in food, medicines,
water or drug etc.,
Contamination is harmful not only for the research purposes but
also for mankind.

6. ANDHRA PRADESH
GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Egg Bowl Of Asia

7. SOME BRIEF DETAILS ABOUT ANDHRA PRADESH
 63 Years ago on 1st October in 1953 ANDHRA
PRADESH had formed as a separate STATE,
with HYDERABAD as joint capital for ANDHRA
and TELANGANA.
 It’s the 7th largest state in india with the land
area of 162,970 kilometre square.
 According to 2011 census 8.46 crore population
in Andhra Pradesh. 60% of the total
populations income is based on Agriculture and
Related ones.
 Literacy rate 67.41% (2011)
 Official Language – TELUGU
 After Gujarat Andhra Pradesh is having the
largest coast line of 974 Kilometres (605miles)
 Andhra Pradesh is mainly based on
AGRICULTURE and LIVESTOCKS
 Andhra Pradesh is also having the name of
“ Rice Bowl of India ”

8. QUALITY OF GROUND WATER FOR IRRIGATION
The suitability of groundwater for irrigation is determined on the basis of physical, chemical and
bacteriological characteristics. The criteria for suitability of groundwater for irrigation are based on ..
Total dissolved solids (TDS)
Electrical conductivity (EC)
Sodium salts &
Bicarbonate concentration.
Type of water Classification
Electrical
Conductivity
(micromhos/cm)
Low saline Excellent 100 – 250
Medium Good 250 – 750
Saline Permissible 750 – 2000
High saline Doubtful 2000 – 3000
Very highly saline Unsuitable Over 3000

9. Indiscriminate application of
chemical fertilizers for higher crop
yields may be the main source of
nitrates (more than 10mg/L) in 17
ground water samples.
The new capital region
AMARAVATI have abundant
groundwater recourses, but a
study by the department of
geology, Andhra university and
civil engineering department of
Malineni Perumallv engineering
college, Guntur, has revealed that
concentrations of TOTAL
DISSOLVED SOLIDSS (TDS) exceed
the maximum permissible limits in
most of the villages.

10. The team studied 28 ground water samples, which were
collected from the deep wells (depth of 40-60 m) in the
first week of January, and analysed them in the labs at the
panchayat Raj department and at LAM.
They analysed
TOTAL HARDNESS (TH)
CLACIUM (Ca)
MAGNESIUM (Mg)
SODIUM &
NITRATE
And found that the TDS has exceeded maximum permissible limit of 2,000 mg/l
TH – 600 mg/l
NITROGEN – 45mg/l as prescribed by BIS (Bureau Of Indian standards).
The concentration of TDS is high (more than 3,000 mg/l) in a few locations and also concertation of nitrates,
exceeding 10mg/l in the water, has indicated as a MAN-MADE POLLUTION.

11. INDISCRIMINATE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS

12. In discriminate
application of
chemical fertilizers for
higher crop yields
may be the main
source of nitrates
(more than 10mg/l) in
17 groundwater
samples of the study
area, the study said.
Higher content of Sodium,
Calcium and Nitrogen in
ground can cause…
Gastrointestinal Irritation
Scale Formation on water
supply systems.
High Blood Pressure
Salty Taste
Sour Taste &
Blue Baby Diseases etc,
Keeping the increase of water consumption with respect to the rapid growth population in the near future of
the capital area, the study recommended for fixing a number of piezometers for understanding the seasonal
increase and drop in water levels, regulating sand mining and constructing a number of rainwater harvesting
structures to Augment groundwater resources.

13. THANK YOU