Genetic diversity and association analysis for different morphological traits...
Green Capitalism: India, August 7, 2014
1. globalthermostat Company Confidential
A Solution to Climate Change
Business: Carbon Negative Technology
Global Policy: the Green Power Fund
Graciela Chichilnisky – Columbia University NY USA
Green Economics: MEA IIM India August 7 2014
a carbon negative solution
2. globalthermostat Company Confidential 2
Climate & Industry Face Carbon Challenge
Supply
• Natural sources limited,
depleting, and isolated
– E.g.: CO2 EOR is
concentrated in Texas
• Industrial extraction
processes are expensive,
and provide inadequate
supply
Transport
• Trucking and pipelines not
viable for most applications
Industrial
Markets
Food & Beverage
Refrigeration &
Greenhouses
Carbonates
Concrete / Cement
Polymers
Formic Acid
Graphene
Oil & Gas
Enhanced Oil Recovery
Clean-up of Natural
Gas Processing
Renewable
Fuels
Algae Biofuels
Synthetic Gasoline
Substantial Unmet Demand
300
320
340
360
380
400
1958 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008
CO2 PPM
≈20% increase
in atmosphere
in last half-
century
Readings hit
400ppm in
2013 for first
time
…but huge industrial demand
for CO2 remainsunmet…
…due to two critical issues
Atmospheric CO2
levels rising…
Critical Challenge: Profitably Harnessing Atmospheric CO2 for Productive
Industrial Use – creating Abundant, Reliable, Low Cost Supply Wherever Needed
3. globalthermostat Company Confidential 3
Challenges Must be Overcome, and a Precedent Must
be Set, for Governments to Reduce CO2 Emissions
Governments need to standup to help mitigate their countries’
CO2 emissions
Each Government is aware of CO2 emissions levels
Leadership
Cost
Upside
In addition to being able to solve the problem of atmospheric
CO2 levels, a new stream of revenue is created
CO2 can be resold and used for industry
GT’s technology provides CO2 for the lowest cost in the world, and
can do so practically anywhere, and in whatever amount desired
Our technology is completely modular and easily expandable
4. globalthermostat Company Confidential 4
Business Solution
CO2 is Both a Challenge to the Global Climate and a Valuable Industrial Gas
• US Pentagon recognizes climate change as one of the US’ greatest security threats
• CO2 used in a myriad of productive industry applications: beverages, refrigeration, chemical
manufacturing, oil recovery, synthetic- & bio-fuels
• Huge unmet demand due to significant shortage of CO2 for use in industry*
No Prior Solution has Solved Key Challenges of Cost, Transport & Availability – offering a
Carbon Negative Solution
• GT technology actually decreases CO2 in the atmosphere
• Current CO2 sources limited to depleting natural reservoirs & costly industrial extraction
• Transportation is a key cost & logistical barrier, requiring massive pipeline infrastructure
investment
Global Thermostat Proven Solution Addresses Transportation, Availability & Costs
• Breakthrough extraction technology protected by a robust IP portfolio
• Demonstration Plants operating since 2010
• Significant industry interest from large strategics in Oil & Gas, as well as biofuels arenas
• Carbon Negative solution, adding significant social and economic upside
Tremendous Market Opportunity to Disrupt & Expand CO2 Market by Meeting Unmet Demand
• Seeking growth equity investment to scale commercial efforts – adding resources to respond
to offers to build GT Plants from large corporates & strategics
* “Carbon Dioxide: A Market Flooded by Demand”, Cryogas International, May 2013.
5. globalthermostat Company Confidential 5
Global Thermostat - Company Highlights
Disruptive Technology
Addressing >US$1T
market opportunity
Highly Recognized
Leadership Team
Including the two co-founders
Proven Process
With 10 Patents and 2
operational Pilot Plants at SRI
5
2
Well Advanced in
Development Pathway
& have raised $22MM to-date
1
Modular Design
Allowing great flexibility & scale
4
Economically Viable
Generating revenues from
captured CO2, and licensing
3
Tier-1 Technology Partners
Including SRI, Corning, BASF,
Georgia Tech
6
7
6. globalthermostat Company Confidential 6
Introduction to Global Thermostat
Graciela Chichilnisky, authored the carbon market of the Kyoto Protocol
Co-founder & CEO
Peter Eisenberger, Exxon research executive leader
Co-founder & CTO
Edgar Bronfman, Jr., Global business leader
Chairman
Leadership
Research
partners
Industrial
partners
7. globalthermostat Company Confidential 7
Low-Cost,
Breakthrough
Process
Advanced
Modular
Design
Slashes CAPEX &
OPEX; Eliminates
Transport Costs
Absorption Regeneration
Low-energy, low-cost
Abundant Supply Location Independent
Affordable w/o Subsidies
or Carbon Credits
GT’s Proven, Patented Approach:
A Truly Disruptive, Proven Solution
CO2 supplied on-site,
wherever needed
• Eliminates trucks & pipelines
Can be stand-alone, or co-
located w/ large emitters
• Needs only residual heat, and
electricity
• Ideal for remote locations
CO2 drawn directly from air,
or from industrial flues
Supplied in any quantity,
via totally modular design
• Modules capture 50,000
tonnes/yr. each
• Can expand as needed, by
adding more modules
Easy to integrate with existing
or new-built power plants
• Has been done with just one
day of power plant down-time
Small footprint: can fit on land
adjacent to industrial facilities
Carbon negative: can capture
more CO2 than power plants
emit
CO2
remains
trapped
• Patented Carbon Sponge: porous “monolith” blocks coated with
proprietary amine sorbents
• Ambient Air and/or Flue Gas flows through and binds to sorbent
– Structure & process resembles a car’s catalytic converter
3. Monoliths
return to
air stream;
cycle
restarts …
2. Low temperature “residual”/
process heat applied, releasing
98% pure CO2 for collection
1. Monoliths
lowered
into
sealed
chamberCO2 Available in atmosphere,
unlimited supply
Air or flue gas Air exits w/o CO2
8. globalthermostat Company Confidential 8
Existing CO2 Capture Alternatives Fall Short
Active CO2 Capture
Via a facilitated industrial
process (multiple methods)
• Energy intensive
• Insufficient production
• No cost-effective transport
Legacy Flue Gas
Capture
CO2 extracted from
combustion exhaust gasses
• Legacy methods too costly
to build & operate
• Can’t easily be retrofitted to
existing facilities
Byproduct of Chemical
Manufacture
• Energy intensive
• No cost-effective transport
• Insufficient production
Extraction from Natural
Reserves
Extract CO2 trapped in
subterranean caverns
• Geographically stranded –
no cost-effective transport
outside limited regions*
• Capital intensive (pipelines)
• Doesn’t reduce CO2 levels in
atmosphere
* Extraction from natural reserves in Texas an exception. Pipeline constructed to serve EOR market in local geography.
Existing Power Plants & Large Emitters:
• No current economically viable solution
– “Business as usual” emissions, with mounting
regulatory/financial cost, is a vanishing option
For New-Built Power Plants:
• Can try other experimental solutions, but they
impose a large parasitic load
– Ex: Texas Clean Energy Project’s coal gasification
plant using Linde’s cryogenic Rectisol™ process
Enhanced Oil Recovery Operators:
• Pipelined if available (else $1.5MM/mile to build)
• Trucked-in CO2 (at up to $200/tonne)
• Natural CO2 domes (very limited geographically)
– Lack of CO2 supply is what has restrained the
growth and spread of EOR
By Customer Segment
Algae Biofuels/Synthetic Fuels Makers:
• Pipelined or trucked. Land near emission
sources often too limited and expensive
By Method
Critical Gaps
Co-produced with ammonia
& hydrogen manufacture
9. globalthermostat Company Confidential 9
GT’ Solution is Affordable, Proven, and Commercially
Ready to Scale & Penetrate Global Markets
Technology
Development, IP
Prototype
Demonstration
Next Step:
Commercialize & Scale
Technology Fully Baked
• Created by Peter Eisenberger
and Graciela Chichilnisky
• Tech developed at SRI &
Georgia Tech; Verified by
Corning, Linde, Det Norske
Veritas
• Operational since 2010
IP Rights Secured
• Strong IP portfolio
– 10 patents so far
– Worldwide rights
• Freedom To Operate opinion
Prototypes Operational
• Two prototypes in Silicon
Valley validate technology &
economics
• Performing as modeled;
results consistent from bench-
to pilot-scale
Design for Manufacturability
• Developing engineering plans
for full-scale production units
• Already realized large CAPEX
& OPEX reductions vs. pilots
• All components fit in standard
shipping containers
Sales
• Advanced negotiations with
large industrial partners
(underway)
• Contract & Execute projects
IP Commercialization
• Advanced IP licensing
negotiations with large
strategics (underway)
Seeking growth equity investment for team build-out, tech development,
and commercialization activities (investment supplemented by project financing)
10. globalthermostat Company Confidential 10
Breakthrough Development, Robust IP Portfolio
Strong
Technology
Story
Robust IP
Portfolio
• IP created by Peter Eisenberger & Graciela Chichilnisky
• Technology was developed & prototyped at SRI & Georgia Tech
– Fine-tuning in progress; No new science required
• GT selected as finalist in $25MM Virgin Earth Challenge Prize
– 11 finalists selected from more than 2,600 proposals
• Improvements in process & materials represent recent cost breakthrough
– 3rd Party reports validate GT technology & costs
• GT has been awarded 9 US patents + 1 in Japan; additional patents and
worldwide protection are pending
• Freedom-to-Operate opinion assures no conflict with any others’
existing IP
• GT offers preferential IP treatment to low income nations in somc
cases charges no license fees
11. globalthermostat Company Confidential 11
1st Technical
Demonstration
2nd Commercial
Demonstration
Two Prototypes Built To-Date… … with Strong Results
Successful Prototype & Plant Development
Application in
Industrial setting
Stand-Alone
Demonstration
Validated technology’s
potential in large-scale
applications
* At 2x 50m2 commercial scale. Costs will fall with scale and experience. **Production based on current design changes.
† Fully-loaded cost including consumables/maintenance and CAPEX amortization. Ranges based on embodiment, location, boundary conditions, and cost of funds.
Cost reduction potential verified by
Det Norske Veritas – independent 3rd
party technology evaluation firm
Validated Economics
Est. cost/unit: $0.7-1.2MM*
Est. production: 50k TPY**
Cost/tonne: $10-35/tonne†
These demonstration units already capture the CO2 emissions from SRI’s on-site
power plant a well as from air, so could make it Carbon Negative
12. globalthermostat Company Confidential 12
Graciela
Chichilnisky
CEO & Founder
• World leading economist, entrepreneur, executive, and inventor in IT,
financial instruments, and CO2 capture
• Founder CEO of FITEL and Cross Border Exchange, successful financial
services technology companies
• Authored of the Kyoto Protocol’s carbon market legislation (EU ETS)
• PhD in Math from MIT and in Economics from UC Berkeley
• Tenured Professor Columbia University, previously Harvard and Stanford
Peter
Eisenberger
CTO & Founder
• Leader and technology innovator in the global energy industry, and CO2
capture
• 20+ year career including heading global R&D at Exxon, and lead scientist at
Bell Labs
• Tenured professor and former Vice Provost at Columbia University
• Former Director of Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth
Observatory
• Founding Director Princeton University Materials Institute
• Founding Director Columbia University Earth Institute
Edgar
Bronfman, Jr.
Investor &
Chairman
• Chairman, Endeavor Global
• General Partner at Accretive LLC
• Former President and CEO of the Seagram Company
• Former Chairman and CEO of the Warner Music Group
• Recently successfully sold Warner for US$3.3 billion
Key Advisors
Ed Hotard
Former COO, Praxair
Eric (Ric) Redman
President, Summit Power
Ron Chance
Emeritus Science Advisor,
Exxon
Rocco Fiato
Accelergy, Exxon
Michael Fleisher
Bain, Gartner
Sasha Mackler
Summit Power
Leadership Team
13. globalthermostat Company Confidential 13
GT Team
Management & Technology Team:
• Graciela Chichilnisky, Co-founder & CEO
• Peter Eisenberger, Co-founder & CEO
• Edgar Bronfman, Jr., Chairman
• Kenneth Michie, SVP of EOR Operations
• Keith Meyer, SVP of Energy & Oil Operations
• Jason Offenhartz, Finance & Business Associate
Advisory Board:
• Ed Hotard, Former COO Air Products
• Eric (Ric) Redman, President, Summit Power
• Ron Chance, Science Advisor, Exxon
• Rocco Fiato, Accelergy, Exxon
• Roger Cohen, Ex-Exxon
• Shane Smith, CEO of Vice
Financial & Legal Team:
• Corporate Counsel: Mitchell Zucklie, Esq., Chairman of Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe
• IP Counsel: Paul Sutton, Esq., of Sutton Magidoff (formerly Sr. Partner at Greenberg Traurig)
• Investment Bankers: Christopher Carter & Christopher Reynolds, Morgan Stanley UK
• Auditors: Citrin Cooperman
• Controller: Robert Bernstein, CPA, Esq., of Bernstein & Seidman
• Dr. Eric Ping, Ph.D., Dir. of Technology Development
• Tom Miller, Engineer & Project Development
• Sharon McIlnay, Contract Attorney
• Prof. Chris Jones, Ph.D., Georgia Tech
• Dr. Gopala Krishnan, Ph.D., SRI International
• Anoop Nagar, SRI International
14. globalthermostat Company Confidential
GT Technology Description
Step 1: Air Input & Carbon Capture
• GT uses stacks of ceramic “monolith” contactors (similar to those in a car’s tailpipe
catalytic converter), coated with an amine-based “sorbent,” that together act like carbon
sponges – trapping, but not transforming, CO2 it encounters in an oncoming air/gas stream
• Monoliths provide high surface contact areas at low pressure drop (air resistance)
– Enables movement of large air volumes with effective contact of CO2 at low cost
• GT’s advanced sorbents were proven highly effective by Georgia Tech, and further
confirmed by SRI, and DN Veritas
– Proprietary process bonds sorbent to monoliths’ porous walls, at high loading
– This dramatically reduces heat required compared to liquid-based Carbon Capture
• ~1.5-30 minute cycle (depending on embodiment and implementation)
Step 2: Regeneration
• CO2-rich monoliths are moved into air-tight, evacuated Regeneration Chamber
• Low-temperature residual heat (90°-105°C steam) is applied, stripping CO2 from monoliths
• Liberated CO2 is collected and piped away, at atmospheric pressure
– Output is 95-98% pure CO2
– No other inputs are consumed; no other byproducts are released
• Now-empty monoliths are raised from the Regeneration Chamber, back into the oncoming
air stream, to repeat the cycle
• ~1.5-3 minute cycle
Step 3: Heat Transfer
• Neighboring Regeneration Chambers are kept out of phase with each other, yet are
interlinked, allowing steam to pass between them
• As one Regeneration Chamber completes is cycle, the other is just beginning
• In the just-completed Chamber, water evaporates from hot monoliths (cooling them to
below the oxygen degradation temperature). That water & steam is piped to the just-
beginning Chamber, where water condenses on the cool monoliths, pre-warming them
• Cool monoliths receive 50% of their heat this way, substantially reducing operating costs
GT Module Absorption
Phase
Regeneration
Phase
Monolith Contactors
+ Sorbent “Cartridge”
105° Steam
CO2 Collection
GT Module Absorption
Phase
Regeneration
Phase
Ambient Air
OR
20:1 Air-Flue Gas
Blend
Monolith Contactors
+ Sorbent “Cartridge”
`
GT Module Absorption
Phase
Regeneration
Phase
Monolith Contactors
+ Sorbent “Cartridge”
Evacuated steam
from hot box to
neighboring
box/module
14
15. globalthermostat Company Confidential 15
2010: GT’s 1st Pilot at SRI (Stanford Research Institute)
SRI International
333 Ravenswood Avenue
Menlo Park, CA 94025
16. globalthermostat Company Confidential 16
2013: GT’s 2nd Commercial Demo Plant at SRI
SRI International
333 Ravenswood Avenue
Menlo Park, CA 94025
GT Achieved US DOE/DOD Technology Readiness Level 7 - TR7
17. globalthermostat Company Confidential 17
GT: Carbon Negative Solution, Long-Term Upside
High potential for incremental profit from tax on carbon emissions under current & emerging
regulations
• Beginning to be applied in some developed countries and likely to spread to others given nature
of climate change debate
• Recent EPA legislation demonstrates benefits and upside for Carbon Capture technology
While not considered in any GT business projections, carbon credits & other incentives create
significant upside to current opportunity
• 26 US Code §45Q provides a CO2 EOR tax credit of ≈$10.75/tonne
• Carbon credits in California & EU-ETS trading above $12/tonne today
Independent of a tax on CO2, Governments likely to make grant dollars available to support the
development of CO2 capture*
Atmospheric
CO2
Captured by
GT’s process
Permanently removed
or re-used in:
Entire GT
Process
Carbon
Negative
EORIndustry BioFuels
* Draft UN report (1/15/2014) notes global goals to limit CO2 are unlikely to be met without actively removing CO2 from the atmosphere, recommends direct CO2 capture
GT’s Technology Represents an Enormous
Opportunity, Irrespective of Regulation
18. globalthermostat Company Confidential 18
Summary of Global Thermostat
True, proven technical
breakthrough
GT proven technology solves critical barriers to productive
CO2 application in industry
Enormous market
business potential
Large, diverse and unmet market opportunity today
Significant opportunity to expand market, enables new
applications – $ Trillions per year opportunity
Commercial readiness
and exit paths
Major technical proof-points established and protected with
robust IP worldwide
Global Solution to
Climate Change
Several paths to both create a big business and reach a
liquidity event in 3-5 years
$200 Bn/year Green Power Fund to accelerate deployment of
GT plants and other carbon negative technologies
Contact: Graciela Chichilnisky, CEO Global Thermostat O: 1-212-678-1148 C: 1-646-623-3333
www. Chichilnisky.com Chichilnisky@globalthermostat.com
19. globalthermostat Company Confidential 19
To accelerate carbon negative
technologies:
The Green Power Fund
• $200 Bn/year Private Public Fund
• Financial & Technological solution for Global Climate Change
• Quick global deployment of Carbon Negative Power Plants in Developing
Nations
• Using funding available from the UNFCCC CDM of the EU ETS
• Providing clean power for rapid growth in least developed nations: SIDS,
Africa and LA
• Liberating women and children used today as beasts of burden
20. globalthermostat Company Confidential 20
The Green Power Fund
Green Capitalism
Economic Growth and Sustainable Development
Focus on Least Developed Nations
• Introduced by the author in Copenhagen COP 15 2009
• Supported by H. Clinton US Department of State
• Voted partially by UNFCCC in Durban South Africa COP 17 as Green
Climate Fund
• Requires only Diplomatic Completion in Lima Peru COP 20 December
2014
• Needs legislative support at global negotiations COP 21 Paris 2015
• Led by Monaco with the moral support & votes of 30 SIDS
21. globalthermostat Company Confidential 21
The Green Power Fund
How does it work?
• GPF offers profitable off-takes or PPA – attracting private
funding
• High IRR for building Carbon Negative power plants in
Africa LA and SIDS
• Adding to CDM funding and funding from sovereign
funds
25. globalthermostat Company Confidential 25
A Green Monaco
• Could set a global precedent
by implementing GT
• becomes the catalyst
with UN mandate
for addressing climate change
26. globalthermostat Company Confidential 26
Next steps
1. Leading Global Thermostat to a profitable
deployment of GT plants all over the world
2. UN Legislation for Green Power Fund
• Participation of Monaco and AOSIS in UNFCCC COP negotiation
committees
• COP 20 Peru December 2014
• COP 21 Paris December 2015
• The Green Power Fund