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GRAPH Presentation 2 - LANGUAGE.pptx
This document provides a detailed list of vocabulary terms for describing graphs and the data they present. It includes verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs for general description as well as terms for describing upward and downward trends. Phrases are also presented for describing changes or lack of change in data. Finally, the document notes that proper use of tenses is important when explaining graphs, recommending present, past, or present perfect forms depending on whether the data refers to present, past or has a connection between past and present.
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GRAPH Presentation 2 - LANGUAGE.pptx
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- 2. WHY WE NEEDSPECIFIC LANGUAGE When we have to present data in graphs and explain them, we need focused vocabulary. This is a set of specific words and expressions which are commonly used in this context and are valuable ready-made helping tools. They could be: • parts of speech • phrases
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- 4. VERBS Verbs for GENERAL DESCRIPTION Verbsdescribing UP TRENDS Verbs describing DOWN TRENDS to deal with to show to illustrate can be seen to start to lead to to continue to level off there is/are to look at to follow to prefer to account for to increase to grow to rise to go up to climb to shoot up to rocket to soar to peak to intensify to level up to expand to enlarge to decrease to fall to go down to decline to drop to plunge to plummet to narrow to to reduce to crash to collapse to lessen to diminish
- 5. NOUNS NOUNS NAMING THEPARTS percentage/s figure/s number/s peak/s change/s slice/s (of a pie chart) half/s one third The vertical axis shows… The horizontal axis represents… This curve illustrates… The solid line shows… The shaded area describes… This colored segment is for… The red bar… The blue slice of the pie…
- 6. ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ADJECTIVESADVERBS sharp rapid huge dramatic substantial considerable significant slight small minimal massive quick clear near sudden steady gradual slow sharply rapidly hugely dramatically substantially considerably significantly slightly in a small manner minimally massively quickly clearly nearly suddenly steadily gradually slowly
- 7. ADVERBS AND PHRASESOF CHANGE Adverbs of BIG CHANGE Adverbs of SMALL CHANGE Phrases of NO CHANGE dramatically crucially sharply suddenly significantly drastically noticeably notably remarkably steeply seriously hugely gradually slightly steadily gently insignificantly moderatley little by little step by step faintly a bit vaguely hardly remain the same remain constant remain stable remain steady stay constant maintain the same level stabilised in a stable manner levelled off moderatley little by little step by step
- 8. CONNECTIVES Source https://www.grammarbank.com/connectives-list.html USAGE CONNECTIVEWORDS AND PHRASES to add ideas and, also, besides, further, furthermore, too, moreover, in addition, then, of equal importance, equally important, another time next, afterward, finally, later, last, lastly, at last, now, subsequently, then, when, soon, thereafter, after a short time, the next week (month, day, etc.), a minute later, in the meantime, meanwhile, on the following day, at length, ultimately, presently order or sequence first, second, (etc.), finally, hence, next, then, from here on, to begin with, last of all, after, before, as soon as, in the end, gradually space and place above, behind, below, beyond, here, there, to the right/left, nearby, opposite, on the other side, in the background, directly ahead, along the wall, as you turn right, at the top, across the hall, at this point, adjacent to to give an example for example, to illustrate, for instance, to be specific, such as, moreover, furthermore, just as important, similarly, in the same way results as a result, hence, so, accordingly, as a consequence, consequently, thus, since, therefore, for this reason, because of this purpose to this end, for this purpose, with this in mind, for this reason/s comparison like, in the same manner/way, as so, similarly contrast but, in contrast, conversely, however, still, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, and yet, on the other hand, on the contrary, or, in spite of this, actually, in fact to summarize or report in summary, to sum up, to repeat, briefly, in short, finally, on the whole, therefore, as I have said, in conclusion, as you can see
- 9. FINAL COMMENT USE OFTENSES: • If the graphs deal with facts in the present, use the Present Simple. • If the facts are the past, use the Past Simple. • If there is a connection between the past and the present, use the Present Perfect.