This document provides an overview and examples of using different tenses in English, including the present simple, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous tenses. It begins with examples that demonstrate the differences between these tenses. It then covers the forms, uses, and time expressions typically used with each tense. Practice exercises are included for students to choose the correct tense based on the context. The goal is for students to master the various tenses in terms of their form, use, and helpful hints for using them appropriately.

1. UNIT 1
PRESENT TENSES
1

2. WARMING UP
1……everyday
3……Since early
morning
2……for 2 hour 4…….. 5 hour
1.1.1.PRESENT SIMPLE

3. WARMING UP
3
What is the difference between
these sentences?
1.When do these activities take
place
Present simple
Present continuous Present Perfect Present Perfect
continuous

4. WARMING UP
1……everyday
3……Since early
morning
2……for 2 hour
4…….. 5 hour
b. She drinks coffee everyday
c. He has played game for 2 hours
a. They have gone online for
studying since early Morning
d. He has been running for 5
hours. He is tired now
1.1.1.PRESENT SIMPLE

5. OBJECTIVES
After this lesson, students will be able to:
• Master the Present tenses in terms of form, use and helpful hints
• Understand and master the sentence structures with present tenses.
• Master the Present Continuous tense in terms of form, use and helpful hints.
• Master the Present Continuous tense in terms of form, use and helpful hints
5

6. OVERVIEW
6
1.1 Present simple and Present
continuous
1.2 Present perfect and Present
perfect Continuous
1.3 Summary
1.4 Homework

7. • What activities does he do a day?
• What tense do you think should
be used to talk about his daily routine?
7
Have breakfast Have lunch Have dinner
Cook dinner Clean the house Go for a walk
1.1.1.PRESENT SIMPLE

8. 1.1 Present simple & Present continuous
1.1.1 Present simple
a. Uses
b. Hints ( Time expression)
c. Practice 1
1.1.2. Present continuous
a. Uses
b. Hints( Time expression)
c. Practice 2
d. Stative
e. Practice 3
1.1.3. Overview

9. 1.1.1. Present simple & Present continuous
• The action is general or true
Example: Water boils at 1000C
• The situations are (more or less) permanent.
Example: He studies at UNETI
• We use to talk about things that we do regularly are habits or
routines.
Example: I usually go to class by bus.
• We use to talk about a timetable.
Example: I have English lesson tomorrow.
9
1.1.1 Present simple
a. uses

10. 1.1 Present simple & Present continuous
10
1.1.1 Present simple
a. uses
b. Time expression
phrases
• every Monday/week/etc
• every Monday/week/etc
• once/twice a week/month/etc
• three times a week/month/etc

11. Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, C, D) to complete each sentence
1. People …………………English all over the world.
A. Speak B. are speaking
2. The plane …… at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
A. lands B. will land
3. We ……….. in the city most of the year.
A. live B. are living
1.1.1. Present simple & Present continuous

12. Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1. People …………………English all over the world.
A. Speak B. are speaking
ANSWER: A It is the general fact.
2. The plane …… at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
A. lands B. will land
ANSWER: A It is the scheduled action.
3. We ……….. in the city most of the year.
A. live B. are living
ANSWER: A It is a permanent action.
1.1.1. Present simple & Present continuous

13. 4. She meets her family ______ .
A. at the present B. on the third Sunday of every month
ANSWER: B It is the habit.
5. She often______ the kids of the neighborhood.
A. is helping B. helps
ANSWER: B It is a regular action.
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B) to complete each sentence
1.1.1. Present simple & Present continuous

14. Watch a video and answer the question
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etvW0FOD_so
1. What tense is used in the conversation?
2. Why is it used in these sentences?
1: Present Continuous Tense
2: Because these actions are happening at
present time
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS

15. Watch a video and answer the question
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etvW0FOD_so
1. What tense is used in the conversation?
2. Why is it used in these sentences?
1: Present Continuous Tense
2: Because these actions are happening at
present time
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS

16. 1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
a. USES
 An action happening now
Example: We are learning English
 A temporary situation
Example: Micheal usually has bread for breakfast, but today he
is having noodles.
 A near future plan:
Example: We are having a party next weekend. Would you
like to come?
 An annoying habit: (usually with always)
Example: My brother is always borrowing my CDs without
asking.

17. 1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
b. hints( Time expression)-Helpful hints:
 The present continuous is often used with the following words and phrases:

18. 1. “Hurry up! We’re waiting for you. What’s taking you so long?”
“I ------- for an important call. Go ahead and leave without me”
A. wait B. am waiting
2. Look at that man! He ……………such a funny hat.
A. is wearing B. wears
3. I bought the ticket yesterday. I ……….. to Japan tomorrow..
A. fly B. flying
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
b. Practice
Practice 2. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

19. 1. “Hurry up! We’re waiting for you. What’s taking you so long?”
“I ------- for an important call. Go ahead and leave without me”
A. wait B. am waiting
ANSWER: B It is an action happening now
2. Look at that man! He ……………such a funny hat.
A. is wearing B. wears
ANSWER: A It is an action happening now
3. I bought the ticket yesterday. I ……….. to Japan tomorrow..
A. fly B. flying
ANSWER: A It is a near future plan
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
b. Practice
Practice 2. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

20. 4. My father ………………..about the way I behave.
A. always complains B. is always complaining
5. I………….my brother’ car until I buy one.
A. am using B. use
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
b. Practice
Practice 2. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

21. 4. My father ………………..about the way I behave.
A. always complains B. is always complaining
ANSWER: B It is an annoying habit
5. I………….my brother’ car until I buy one.
A. am using B. use
ANSWER: B It is a temporary action
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
b. Practice
Practice 2. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

22. Stative verbs do not usually describe actions. They
describe states (feeling, thoughts…). They are not
normally used in continous tenses.
Example
I Ilike reading books in my free time.
I am liking reading books in my-free time.
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
C. Stative

23.  Likes/dislikes: hate like love prefer
 Perception: understand think see need
 Senses: taste look smell feel sound
 Possession: own belong to have
 State: be become appear
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
C. Stative
Some common stative verbs:
Note: Some of the stative verbs (such as Be,Hate, Think) are used in continuos tenses when
they describe actions.
Example: - What do you think about his new songs?
- Actually, I am thinking about last night’s match.

24. 1. He ……….to the local astronomy club now.
A. belongs B. is belonging
2. The new cook………….the soup at the moment.
A) tastesB) is tasting
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
C. Stative
Practice 3. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

25. 1. He ……….to the local astronomy club now.
A. belongs B. is belonging
ANSWER: A It’s is the possession
2. The new cook………….the soup at the moment.
A) tastesB) is tasting
ANSWER: B It’s is an action, not the verb of sense.
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
C. Stative
Practice 3. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

26. 3. Oranges ______ rich in vitamin C, which ______ good for our health.
A. have been / is B. are / is
4. _______ to come over for dinner tonight?
a. Do you like b. Are you liking
5. Many girls want to go to the pub only few ……………….to watch TV at home now.
A) want C) are wanting
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
C. Stative
Practice 3. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

27. 3. Oranges ______ rich in vitamin C, which ______ good for our health.
A. have been / is B. are / is
ANSWER: B It’s is the state
4. _______ to come over for dinner tonight?
a. Do you like b. Are you liking
ANSWER: A It’s is the emotion, not a plan
5. Many girls want to go to the pub only few ……………….to watch TV at home now.
A) want C) are wanting
ANSWER: B It’s is the state
1.1.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
C. Stative
Practice 3. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence

28. 28
Present Simple Tense Present Continuous Tense
Form S + V S + be + V.ing
Use 1. A general or true action
2. (more or less) permanent situations
3. Habits or routines.
4. A timetable
1. An action happening now
2. A temporary situation
3. A near future plan
4. An annoying habit
Helpful
Hints
Adverbs of frequency:
Always usually often
sometimes rarely
never seldom
Phrases of expression of frequency:
Every day/week/month/year
Each Monday/week
Once/twice a day/week/month
Twice/ three times a day/ week/ year
Now
Right now
At the moment
At present
Today
This week/month
1.1.3.OVERVIEW

29. 1.2. Present perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
1.2.1 Present Perfect
a. Forms
b. Use
c. Hints ( time expression)
d. Practice 1
1.2.2. Present continuous
a. Forms
b. Use
c. Hints ( time expression)
d. Practice 2
1.2.3. Overview

30. 30
1.2. Present perfect and Present perfect Continuous
1.2.1. Present simple
a. form
Sentense Form
Statement S + HAS/HAVE + P2 ....
Negative S + HAVE NOT (HAVE’T) P2 ....
Question HAVE + S + P2....?

31. 31
1.2. Present perfect and Present perfect Continuous
1.2.1. Present perfect
b. uses
 Situations that started in the past and are still true now.
Example: I have learned English for 5 years.
 Past finished actions without the definite time.
Example: I have eaten a snake.
 Completed actions where the most important thing is the result now.
Example: We have already finished 3 English exercises

32. 32
1.2. Present perfect and Present perfect Continuous
1.2.1. Present perfect
c. hints( time expression)
Up to now
Recently
Lately
So far
I have ever
never
already
just
finished my
homework
for 2 hours
since 2 p.m
 Tup to now recently lately so far ever never already just for
since
Example: The time expressions can be placed in the beginning, middle or at the end of
the sentence as in the suggested sentence.
 Note: These positions are not fixed, there might be more than one place for some
phrases or words
 The present perfect is oftened used with the following words and phrases.

33. 1. They .............the baby a name yet.
A. haven’t given B.don’t give
2. ..............an email before?
A. Have you ever sent B. Do your ever send
3. Melanie .............her hand. It is bleeding heavily.
A. cuts B. has cut
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.1. Present simple
c. Practice

34. 1. They .............the baby a name yet.
A. haven’t given B.don’t give
ANSWER: A It is an action started in the past and are still true now.
2. ..............an email before?
A. Have you ever sent B. Do your ever send
ANSWER: A It’s a past finished action without the definite time
3. Melanie .............her hand. It is bleeding heavily.
A. cuts B. has cut
ANSWER: B It’s a past finished action where the most important thing is the result now
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.1. Present perfect
c. Practice

35. 4. Due to the economic unrest, people .............happy lately.
A. aren’t B. haven’t been
5. So far, Teddy .............ten kilos.
A. has lost B. Loses
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.1. Present Perfect
c. Practice

36. 4. Due to the economic unrest, people .............happy lately.
A. aren’t B. haven’t been
ANSWER B It’s a past finished action where the most important thing is the result now
5. So far, Teddy .............ten kilos.
A. has lost B. Loses
ANSWER A It’s a past finished action where the most important thing is the result now
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.1. Present Perfect
c. Practice

37. 37
1.2. Present perfect and Present perfect Continuous
1.2.2. Present perfect
c. hints( time expression)
Up to now
Recently
Lately
So far
I have ever
never
already
just
finished my
homework
for 2 hours
since 2 p.m
 Tup to now recently lately so far ever never already just for
since
Example: The time expressions can be placed in the beginning, middle or at the end of
the sentence as in the suggested sentence.
 Note: These positions are not fixed, there might be more than one place for some
phrases or words
 The present perfect is oftened used with the following words and phrases.

38. 38
1.2. Present perfect and Present perfect Continuous
1.2.2. Present perfect
b. uses
• We use Present Perfect Continuous to talk about:
 actions continuing up to now or just before now:
Example: We have been doing grammar exerises for over an hour. Can we have
a break now?
 actions whose recent evidence or consequene can be seen
Example: The grass look wet. Has it been raining?

39. 39
1.2. Present perfect and Present perfect Continuous
1.2.2. Present Perfect Continuous
a. form
Sentense Form
Statement S + HAS/HAVE + P2 ....
Negative S + HAVE NOT (HAVEN’T) P2 ....
Question HAVE + S + P2....?
The present perfect is oftened used with the following words and
phrases:
for since all (day/year...)
b. hints( time expression)

40. 1. You look tired .-..... (you/work) hard?
A. Have you worked B. Have you been working
2. Suzy ……………her clothes 5 times in the last two hours.
A. has been changing B. has changed
3. My brother is an actor. (he/appear)…. in several films.
A. He's been appearing B. He has appeared
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.2. Present Perfect Continuous
c. Practice 2

41. 1. You look tired .-..... (you/work) hard?
A. Have you worked B. Have you been working
ANSWER B It’s a past action with the consequence now.
2. Suzy ……………her clothes 5 times in the last two hours.
A. has been changing B. has changed
ANSWER B It’s an acton focusing on result
3. My brother is an actor. (he/appear)…. in several films.
A. He's been appearing B. He has appeared
ANSWER B It’s an acton focusing on result
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.2. Present Perfect Continuous
c. Practice 2

42. 4. 'Is it still raining?' 'No, it (stop)….'.
A. has stopped B. has been stopping
5. The video ……….since 8 a.m.I wish someboby would turn it off.
A. has been playing B. has played
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.2. Present Perfect Continuous
c. Practice 2

43. 4. 'Is it still raining?' 'No, it (stop)….'.
A. has stopped B. has been stopping
ANSWER A It’s a past finished acton
5. The video ……….since 8 a.m.I wish someboby would turn it off.
A. has been playing B. has played
ANSWER B It’s an acton that stills continues now
Practice 1. Choose the best option (A, B, )to complete each sentence
1.2.2. Present Perfect Continuous
c. Practice 2

44. 44
1.3.OVERVIEW
1. When is Present Simple tense used?
2. What types of verbs that can not be used with Present Continuous ?
3. When is Present Continuous tense used?
4. What are the differences between the Present Perfect and Past Simple?
5. What are the differences between Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous?
6. When is Present Perfect Continuous tense used?
1.3.1. Answer the following questions

45. 45
1.3.OVERVIEW
1. What’s going on? I hope you don’t touch my things.
2. Our washing machine is starting when you pressthis button.
3. Many people are enjoying spending time on the beach on holiday.
4. He is always smoking in the living room so it is smelly.
5. Does Tim listen to the radio, is it that the TV I can hear?.
1.3.2. decide if the following statements are true or false

46. 46
1.3.OVERVIEW
1. We….. lunch, but I can come round and help you later.
A. have.
B. are having.
C. have had.
D. has.
2. Keeping early hours as well as doing regular physical exercise ….. essential for your
health
A. is.
B. is being.
C. are.
D. was.
3. .………………the piano everyday after school?
A. Are you practicing.
B. Do you practice.
C. Are you practice.
D. Do you practicing
1.3.3. Choose the best option

47. 47
1.3.OVERVIEW
1. He …................ my pen without asking! It’s so annoying
A. always uses.
B. is always using.
C. always used.
D. have always used.
2. It’s a lovely day at the stadium. The sun …………and it’s warm.
A. shines.
B. shining.
C. is shining.
D. are shining.
1.3.3. Choose the best option

48. 48
1.4.HOMEWORK
Task 1
Write a paragraph to describe what your mother usually does a day.
Task 2
Video a two-minute talk about your typical day.

49. Goodbye and see you
next class!