Gépészeti műszaki rajzdokumentáció
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Műszaki és informatikai nevelés - 7. osztály - Vajdaság
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press operation
This document provides an overview of press working and various sheet metal forming operations. It defines press working as a chipless manufacturing process that uses a press machine to form sheet metal components by applying force. It then describes common sheet metal cutting operations like blanking, punching, trimming, shaving, notching, and shearing. Forming operations like bending and embossing are also summarized. The document aims to introduce students to basic press tool operations for modifying sheet metal geometry.
Forging.pptx
This document provides information on various forging processes and equipment. It discusses open die forging, impression forging, precision forging, and defines standard forging terminology. It describes various forging operations like upsetting, edging, fullering, drawing, swaging, piercing, punching, bending, roll forging, and skew rolling. It also discusses cogging, forging between dies, precision forging, die inserts, swaging, rotary swaging, tube swaging, and coining. The document outlines different types of forging machines like hammers, presses, screw presses and their characteristics. It concludes by listing common forging defects.
Auxiliary and true shape
This document discusses auxiliary views in engineering graphics. It defines auxiliary views as orthographic views taken with lines of sight not parallel to the principal projection planes. Auxiliary views are needed to determine the true length of oblique lines or size of inclined planes. The document outlines the 5 steps to draw an auxiliary view and provides an example of drawing an auxiliary view to show the depth of a surface that is not visible from the top view. It also classifies auxiliary views as depth, height, or width views based on the principal dimension shown.
4.patterns
Patterns are models used to form cavities in molds for metal casting. There are different types of patterns based on their construction:
- Solid or one-piece patterns are made from a single piece for simple castings.
- Split patterns are made in two pieces for more complex shapes, with dowel pins to align the pieces.
- Loose-piece patterns have removable pieces to allow pattern withdrawal, connected by dowel pins.
- Match-plate patterns mount multiple split patterns on a plate, which is positioned between cope and drag molds.
Patterns are made larger than the intended casting to allow for material shrinkage and machining during production. Allowances are also made for draft,
Recommended
press operation
This document provides an overview of press working and various sheet metal forming operations. It defines press working as a chipless manufacturing process that uses a press machine to form sheet metal components by applying force. It then describes common sheet metal cutting operations like blanking, punching, trimming, shaving, notching, and shearing. Forming operations like bending and embossing are also summarized. The document aims to introduce students to basic press tool operations for modifying sheet metal geometry.
Forging.pptx
This document provides information on various forging processes and equipment. It discusses open die forging, impression forging, precision forging, and defines standard forging terminology. It describes various forging operations like upsetting, edging, fullering, drawing, swaging, piercing, punching, bending, roll forging, and skew rolling. It also discusses cogging, forging between dies, precision forging, die inserts, swaging, rotary swaging, tube swaging, and coining. The document outlines different types of forging machines like hammers, presses, screw presses and their characteristics. It concludes by listing common forging defects.
Auxiliary and true shape
This document discusses auxiliary views in engineering graphics. It defines auxiliary views as orthographic views taken with lines of sight not parallel to the principal projection planes. Auxiliary views are needed to determine the true length of oblique lines or size of inclined planes. The document outlines the 5 steps to draw an auxiliary view and provides an example of drawing an auxiliary view to show the depth of a surface that is not visible from the top view. It also classifies auxiliary views as depth, height, or width views based on the principal dimension shown.
4.patterns
Patterns are models used to form cavities in molds for metal casting. There are different types of patterns based on their construction:
- Solid or one-piece patterns are made from a single piece for simple castings.
- Split patterns are made in two pieces for more complex shapes, with dowel pins to align the pieces.
- Loose-piece patterns have removable pieces to allow pattern withdrawal, connected by dowel pins.
- Match-plate patterns mount multiple split patterns on a plate, which is positioned between cope and drag molds.
Patterns are made larger than the intended casting to allow for material shrinkage and machining during production. Allowances are also made for draft,
Welding metallurgy part i
This document discusses welding metallurgy and basic metallurgical concepts relevant to welding. It covers topics like crystalline structures of metals, phase transformations, alloying effects, microstructures like ferrite, pearlite, and martensite, and the influence of cooling rate on microstructure. It also discusses the heat affected zone and issues that can arise from changes in composition and cooling rate near the weld interface.
Eng draw
1. Engineering drawing is the fundamental means of communication in engineering and is used to convey ideas and specify object shapes and sizes.
2. Drawing instruments like T-squares, set squares, compasses, and dividers are used to prepare drawings easily and accurately. Quality instruments are essential for achieving desirable accuracy.
3. Practice is important for learning engineering drawing - with more practice, students can attain not only subject knowledge but also speed and proficiency in drafting skills like accuracy, lettering, and neatness.
Mechanical working of metals
This document discusses various mechanical working processes for metals, including hot working, cold working, and recrystallization temperature. It describes processes such as forging, extrusion, drawing, rolling, and sheet metal forming. Forging methods like open die forging, press forging, upset forging, and closed die forging are explained. The advantages and uses of hot forging and cold forging are summarized. Extrusion, drawing, and common applications are also outlined briefly.
Casting processes of aluminum alloys
The document provides information on various casting processes for aluminum alloys. It discusses sand casting, die casting, semi-solid casting, squeeze casting, and Cosworth casting. For each process, it describes the key steps, suitability for different applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Sand casting allows for complex shapes at low cost but has rough finishes. Die casting facilitates high-volume production of parts with complex geometries. Semi-solid casting results in near-net shape parts with excellent dimensional accuracy. Squeeze casting produces stronger parts with a tighter grain structure.
Lettering technique
Lettering is an essential element in engineering drawings that provides notes, annotations, and other information in a legible and uniform manner. There are two main types of lettering: double stroke and single stroke. Single stroke lettering is created using a single line and is further divided into vertical and inclined styles. Proper lettering conventions include using all capital letters, uniform size and thickness, and kerning between letters. Guidelines are also important for placement and consistency of lettering. Various lettering groups have standardized stroke orders to improve legibility. Spacing between letters and words must be uniform for readability. Lettering is a key skill for clear technical communication in engineering drawings.
Welding processes-Brazing & Soldering
This document discusses different welding and joining processes. It begins by defining welding as a process that joins materials through heating and sometimes the use of filler material. It then discusses different types of welding processes, including plastic/pressure welding and fusion/non-pressure welding. The document further classifies welding into several categories such as arc, gas, resistance, thermit, solid state, and newer welding processes. It also discusses related processes like cutting and brazing. Finally, it provides details on brazing and soldering, defining them as lower temperature joining processes compared to welding and discussing their applications and advantages/disadvantages.
Powder metallurgy
This document discusses the process of powder metallurgy. It begins by introducing powder metallurgy and some of its advantages over traditional manufacturing methods. The main steps of the powder metallurgy process are then outlined, including powder manufacture through various techniques like atomization, blending to ensure uniformity, compacting the powder under pressure, sintering the compacted powder by heating it below the melting point, and final finishing operations. A variety of end products that can be created using powder metallurgy are listed such as bearings, gears, and regulators.
Pengenalan asas lukisan
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang teknik dasar dalam melukis dan menggambar, termasuk jenis-jenis garis yang digunakan dan cara memakai garis vertikal, horizontal, dan diagonal. Teknik dasar meliputi proses awal sketsa dan proses selanjutnya melukis dengan lebih sistematis menggunakan tekstur, ton, cahaya, ruang dan komposisi. Jenis garis mencakup garis halus, tebal, titik, dan zigzag, yang masing-masing
PPT
The document summarizes research characterizing the forming behavior of aluminum alloy AA5754 at elevated temperatures. Key findings from tensile and forming tests are:
1) Yield strength, strain hardening exponent, and flow stress decrease with increasing temperature, while elongation increases.
2) Warm forming from 100-250°C improves formability over room temperature forming.
3) A test setup was developed to evaluate forming limits at elevated temperatures up to 250°C.
Marking out tools
This module aims to teach students how to mark out workpieces based on engineering drawings. It introduces common marking out tools like scribers, marking blue, punches, engineers squares, surface plates, surface gauges, angle plates, vee blocks, spring dividers and ball peen hammers. It explains how to use each tool, highlighting scribers are used to make lines, marking blue helps lines contrast, punches indent surfaces, and squares, plates and gauges aid layout accuracy. Maintaining tools like keeping plates oiled is also covered.
Squeeze Forming or Squeeze Casting Process
It is a near net shape process in which casting and forging is done in single step.
It is Referred by many names such as “squeeze casting” , “pressure infiltration”, “liquid metal forging”, “extrusion casting”, “liquid pressing'', “pressure crystallization”.
Dual phase steels (1)
Dual phase steels are microstructurally composed of 75-85% ferrite with the remainder being martensite, bainite, and retained austenite. They are processed through thermomechanical treatments to achieve better formability than ferrite-pearlite steels of similar strength. Dual phase steels work harden rapidly at low strains, have low yield strength but high ultimate tensile strength. They were initially developed in the 1960s but further improved in the 1970s for automotive applications requiring increased strength and fuel efficiency. Processing methods like continuous annealing, batch annealing, and as-rolled techniques are used to control the microstructure and resulting mechanical properties.
Gating system
The document discusses the key elements and design considerations of a gating system used in metal casting. A gating system includes components like the pouring basin, sprue, runners, gates, risers, and mould cavity. It aims to distribute molten metal with minimal turbulence, fill the mould cavity quickly, and establish favorable temperature gradients. Proper gating ratios and avoiding abrupt changes are important design factors. Common types of gates include parting line, top, and bottom gates.
Cutting tool
Cutting Tools
Cutting Tool Properties
Tool Materials
Tool Life
Lathe Cutting Tools
Twist Drills
Common Drill Bits
Milling Cutters
Cutting Fluids
Essential Properties of Cutting Fluids
Casting and types
This document discusses various casting processes including investment casting, plaster mold casting, ceramic mold casting, permanent mold casting, and die casting. It describes the key steps in each process and notes advantages and limitations. Defects that can occur in castings such as misruns, cold shuts, and shrinkage cavities are also outlined.
Engineering Drawing
Engineering drawings are a graphical means of communicating technical details and specifications without language barriers. They allow engineers to visualize and understand complex objects, structures, machines and their components. Drawings use standardized conventions, symbols and techniques to represent views, dimensions, materials, scales and other technical information precisely. They serve as roadmaps for manufacturing complex products. Manual drafting skills are still important for learning fundamental principles, even as computer-aided design has streamlined the process.
Linoleo
Este documento describe la técnica de grabado en linóleo. Explica que el linóleo es un material flexible y fácil de cortar para principiantes. Detalla los pasos del proceso de grabado en linóleo, incluyendo hacer bocetos, dibujar el diseño en la plancha, tallar las zonas que no se imprimirán, entintar la plancha e imprimir. Advierte sobre la importancia de trabajar con cuidado y mantener la mano fuera del área de corte para evitar accidentes.
English Mock Teaching Primary Colours
This lesson introduces the four characters and their toys in the English language primary book. It aims to have students recognize the names and sounds of the characters and toys, as well as introduce colors and letters. The lesson uses vocabulary cards, a CD player, and colored objects to have students listen to, point to, color, write, and read the names and colors.
Automation of mig welding to manufacture mechanical components metal 3d printer
The project undertaken is titled as “Automation of MIG welding to manufacture mechanical components”. The project is to manufacture metal products using additive manufacturing technique to produce some common mechanical metal components. Additive layer manufacturing, commonly referred to as 3-D printing, has progressively matured technically, creating rapid growth. Economists speculate it to cause a revolution in manufacturing industry. However, this technology has been restricted to the manufacture of ceramic and polymer components due to its high cost to manufacture metallic products.
Die casting process: Principles, applications and industrial use
The short presentation gives insights to some die casting process, its principles, applications and some industrial use. It also includes different die casting methods.
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Welding metallurgy part i
This document discusses welding metallurgy and basic metallurgical concepts relevant to welding. It covers topics like crystalline structures of metals, phase transformations, alloying effects, microstructures like ferrite, pearlite, and martensite, and the influence of cooling rate on microstructure. It also discusses the heat affected zone and issues that can arise from changes in composition and cooling rate near the weld interface.
Eng draw
1. Engineering drawing is the fundamental means of communication in engineering and is used to convey ideas and specify object shapes and sizes.
2. Drawing instruments like T-squares, set squares, compasses, and dividers are used to prepare drawings easily and accurately. Quality instruments are essential for achieving desirable accuracy.
3. Practice is important for learning engineering drawing - with more practice, students can attain not only subject knowledge but also speed and proficiency in drafting skills like accuracy, lettering, and neatness.
Mechanical working of metals
This document discusses various mechanical working processes for metals, including hot working, cold working, and recrystallization temperature. It describes processes such as forging, extrusion, drawing, rolling, and sheet metal forming. Forging methods like open die forging, press forging, upset forging, and closed die forging are explained. The advantages and uses of hot forging and cold forging are summarized. Extrusion, drawing, and common applications are also outlined briefly.
Casting processes of aluminum alloys
The document provides information on various casting processes for aluminum alloys. It discusses sand casting, die casting, semi-solid casting, squeeze casting, and Cosworth casting. For each process, it describes the key steps, suitability for different applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Sand casting allows for complex shapes at low cost but has rough finishes. Die casting facilitates high-volume production of parts with complex geometries. Semi-solid casting results in near-net shape parts with excellent dimensional accuracy. Squeeze casting produces stronger parts with a tighter grain structure.
Lettering technique
Lettering is an essential element in engineering drawings that provides notes, annotations, and other information in a legible and uniform manner. There are two main types of lettering: double stroke and single stroke. Single stroke lettering is created using a single line and is further divided into vertical and inclined styles. Proper lettering conventions include using all capital letters, uniform size and thickness, and kerning between letters. Guidelines are also important for placement and consistency of lettering. Various lettering groups have standardized stroke orders to improve legibility. Spacing between letters and words must be uniform for readability. Lettering is a key skill for clear technical communication in engineering drawings.
Welding processes-Brazing & Soldering
This document discusses different welding and joining processes. It begins by defining welding as a process that joins materials through heating and sometimes the use of filler material. It then discusses different types of welding processes, including plastic/pressure welding and fusion/non-pressure welding. The document further classifies welding into several categories such as arc, gas, resistance, thermit, solid state, and newer welding processes. It also discusses related processes like cutting and brazing. Finally, it provides details on brazing and soldering, defining them as lower temperature joining processes compared to welding and discussing their applications and advantages/disadvantages.
Powder metallurgy
This document discusses the process of powder metallurgy. It begins by introducing powder metallurgy and some of its advantages over traditional manufacturing methods. The main steps of the powder metallurgy process are then outlined, including powder manufacture through various techniques like atomization, blending to ensure uniformity, compacting the powder under pressure, sintering the compacted powder by heating it below the melting point, and final finishing operations. A variety of end products that can be created using powder metallurgy are listed such as bearings, gears, and regulators.
Pengenalan asas lukisan
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang teknik dasar dalam melukis dan menggambar, termasuk jenis-jenis garis yang digunakan dan cara memakai garis vertikal, horizontal, dan diagonal. Teknik dasar meliputi proses awal sketsa dan proses selanjutnya melukis dengan lebih sistematis menggunakan tekstur, ton, cahaya, ruang dan komposisi. Jenis garis mencakup garis halus, tebal, titik, dan zigzag, yang masing-masing
PPT
The document summarizes research characterizing the forming behavior of aluminum alloy AA5754 at elevated temperatures. Key findings from tensile and forming tests are:
1) Yield strength, strain hardening exponent, and flow stress decrease with increasing temperature, while elongation increases.
2) Warm forming from 100-250°C improves formability over room temperature forming.
3) A test setup was developed to evaluate forming limits at elevated temperatures up to 250°C.
Marking out tools
This module aims to teach students how to mark out workpieces based on engineering drawings. It introduces common marking out tools like scribers, marking blue, punches, engineers squares, surface plates, surface gauges, angle plates, vee blocks, spring dividers and ball peen hammers. It explains how to use each tool, highlighting scribers are used to make lines, marking blue helps lines contrast, punches indent surfaces, and squares, plates and gauges aid layout accuracy. Maintaining tools like keeping plates oiled is also covered.
Squeeze Forming or Squeeze Casting Process
It is a near net shape process in which casting and forging is done in single step.
It is Referred by many names such as “squeeze casting” , “pressure infiltration”, “liquid metal forging”, “extrusion casting”, “liquid pressing'', “pressure crystallization”.
Dual phase steels (1)
Dual phase steels are microstructurally composed of 75-85% ferrite with the remainder being martensite, bainite, and retained austenite. They are processed through thermomechanical treatments to achieve better formability than ferrite-pearlite steels of similar strength. Dual phase steels work harden rapidly at low strains, have low yield strength but high ultimate tensile strength. They were initially developed in the 1960s but further improved in the 1970s for automotive applications requiring increased strength and fuel efficiency. Processing methods like continuous annealing, batch annealing, and as-rolled techniques are used to control the microstructure and resulting mechanical properties.
Gating system
The document discusses the key elements and design considerations of a gating system used in metal casting. A gating system includes components like the pouring basin, sprue, runners, gates, risers, and mould cavity. It aims to distribute molten metal with minimal turbulence, fill the mould cavity quickly, and establish favorable temperature gradients. Proper gating ratios and avoiding abrupt changes are important design factors. Common types of gates include parting line, top, and bottom gates.
Cutting tool
Cutting Tools
Cutting Tool Properties
Tool Materials
Tool Life
Lathe Cutting Tools
Twist Drills
Common Drill Bits
Milling Cutters
Cutting Fluids
Essential Properties of Cutting Fluids
Casting and types
This document discusses various casting processes including investment casting, plaster mold casting, ceramic mold casting, permanent mold casting, and die casting. It describes the key steps in each process and notes advantages and limitations. Defects that can occur in castings such as misruns, cold shuts, and shrinkage cavities are also outlined.
Engineering Drawing
Engineering drawings are a graphical means of communicating technical details and specifications without language barriers. They allow engineers to visualize and understand complex objects, structures, machines and their components. Drawings use standardized conventions, symbols and techniques to represent views, dimensions, materials, scales and other technical information precisely. They serve as roadmaps for manufacturing complex products. Manual drafting skills are still important for learning fundamental principles, even as computer-aided design has streamlined the process.
Linoleo
Este documento describe la técnica de grabado en linóleo. Explica que el linóleo es un material flexible y fácil de cortar para principiantes. Detalla los pasos del proceso de grabado en linóleo, incluyendo hacer bocetos, dibujar el diseño en la plancha, tallar las zonas que no se imprimirán, entintar la plancha e imprimir. Advierte sobre la importancia de trabajar con cuidado y mantener la mano fuera del área de corte para evitar accidentes.
English Mock Teaching Primary Colours
This lesson introduces the four characters and their toys in the English language primary book. It aims to have students recognize the names and sounds of the characters and toys, as well as introduce colors and letters. The lesson uses vocabulary cards, a CD player, and colored objects to have students listen to, point to, color, write, and read the names and colors.
Automation of mig welding to manufacture mechanical components metal 3d printer
The project undertaken is titled as “Automation of MIG welding to manufacture mechanical components”. The project is to manufacture metal products using additive manufacturing technique to produce some common mechanical metal components. Additive layer manufacturing, commonly referred to as 3-D printing, has progressively matured technically, creating rapid growth. Economists speculate it to cause a revolution in manufacturing industry. However, this technology has been restricted to the manufacture of ceramic and polymer components due to its high cost to manufacture metallic products.
Die casting process: Principles, applications and industrial use
The short presentation gives insights to some die casting process, its principles, applications and some industrial use. It also includes different die casting methods.
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Gépészeti műszaki rajzdokumentáció
- 1. GÉPÉSZETI MŰSZAKI RAJZDOKUMENTÁCIÓ Műszaki rajz a gépiparban 7 osztály
- 2. Bevezető rész A tárgyakról, épületekről és gépekről lehet beszélni és írni is. Az írók ugyanazt a történetet többféleképpen leírhatják, a zeneszerzők különféle dalokat komponálnak, a festők hasonló műveket festhetnek róla. Ez a művészi szabadság. A technika ilyesféle szabadságot nem ismer. A technikában a tárgyakat pontos rajzokkal ábrázolják. Ezek a műszaki rajzok.
- 3. Műszaki rajz
- 4. Műszaki rajz a gépiparban Ha azt a feladatot kapjátok, hogy műszaki rajzzal mutassatok be egy tárgyat, az eredménynek mindenkinél, és mindig ugyanolyannak kell lennie. De ehhez tiszteletbe kell tartani a megadott méreteket, és ugyanazokat a szabályokat kell használni. A szabályok szigorúan meg vannak határozva és szabványosítva vannak. Ezek a műszaki rajzolás szabályai. Ha mi itt lerajzolunk egy műszaki rajzot, azt Németországban is el kell tudják olvasni
- 5. A műszaki rajznak, egyértelműnek, rendesnek és pontosnak kell lennie. Rajzfelszerelést kell használni. Ma már a tervezőirodákban és gyárakban számítógépet használnak műszaki tervezéshez.
- 6. Gépészeti műszaki rajzdokumentáció A műszaki rajzokat feloszthatjuk az ábrázolási módja, rendeltetése és kidolgozás sorrendje szerint.
- 7. Ábrázolás módjától függően lehet: • ortogonális rajz – szükség szerint a tárgyat több vetületben ábrázolja. • axonometrikus rajz – a tárgyat három dimenzióban ábrázolja.
- 8. Rendeltetés szerint a műszaki rajzok lehetnek: • műhelyrajz (részletes rajz) – mindig csak egy tárgyat, alkatrészt ábrázol mindazokkal az adatokkal, amelyek alapján elkészíthető. 2.1. • szerkezeti rajz – az egész berendezést ábrázolja minden részletében, és bemutatja az alkatrészek egymáshoz való illeszkedését. 2.2.
- 9. Kidolgozás sorrendje szerint lehet: • vázlatrajz – szabadkézi rajz, de tartalmaznia kell mindazokat a részleteket, méreteket és rajzjeleket, melyet tartalmaznia kell a műszaki rajznak. • eredeti rajz – a vázlat alapján készül rajzfelszereléssel, ceruzával, tussal, pauszpapíron, hamer papíron, vagy szg. • másolat – az eredeti rajzról készül fénymásolással.
- 10. A műhelyrajzon csak egy tárgyat ábrázolnak, amelyeket nem lehet részekre bontani. Ez a rajz a legfontosabb a gyártási folyamatokhoz. A műhelyrajzon minden részlet a szükséges méretekkel és a kidolgozás módjával külön bemutatásra kerül. A részeket megfelelő számú ortogonális vetítéssel ábrázoljuk. A tárgyra vonatkozó adatokat le kell írni a munkalapon és az operatív lapon.
- 11. Műhelyrajz
- 12. A munkalap a munkafeladat leírását, a műhelyrajzott, és a szerkezeti rajzot tartalmazza. Az operatív lapon kidolgoznak, bemutatnak és részletesen leírnak minden munkafolyamatot, a munkafázisoknál a szerszámokat és az anyagféleségeket.