Gout
•Download as PPT, PDF•
5 likes•150 views
Crystal deposition diseases like gout result from the buildup of crystals in the joints and surrounding tissues. Gout is caused by elevated uric acid levels leading to monosodium urate monohydrate crystal deposition. It most commonly affects middle-aged men and post-menopausal women. Acute gout causes sudden, severe joint pain and swelling, while chronic gout results in recurrent attacks, joint stiffness, deformity, and tophi formation. Treatment involves lifestyle changes to reduce uric acid along with medications like NSAIDs for acute flares and allopurinol or colchicine for long-term management.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Gout and other crystal deposit diseases
This document discusses gout and other crystal deposition diseases. It describes gout as a disorder of purine metabolism that results in monosodium urate monohydrate crystal deposition in joints, tendons and other tissues, causing inflammation. There are two main types of gout: primary gout due to overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid, and secondary gout associated with conditions like myeloproliferative disorders or renal failure. Acute gout causes sudden, severe joint pain while chronic gout leads to increased stiffness, deformity and tophi formation. Diagnosis involves synovial fluid analysis identifying urate crystals. Treatment involves NSAIDs for acute flares and allopurinol to reduce
Rarer forms of crystal arthropathies
A small presentation, that I made on crystal arthropathies, particularly the rarer forms of the same.
Crystal associated arthropathies
This document discusses various types of crystal-associated arthropathies including:
- Monosodium urate monohydrate crystals which cause gout. Gout typically affects middle-aged males and causes painful inflammation in joints.
- Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals which cause pseudogout/chondrocalcinosis. This tends to affect the elderly and can mimic many other joint diseases.
- Calcium-containing crystals like hydroxyapatite which are associated with aging, osteoarthritis, and renal disease and can cause acute attacks of inflammation.
Gout
This document discusses crystal-induced arthritides such as gout, which is an inflammatory arthritis associated with hyperuricaemia. Acute gout often affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint, causing sudden and severe pain. Chronic gout can lead to tophaceous deposits of urate crystals in tissues. Hyperuricaemia is generally caused by either impaired uric acid excretion or increased production, and treatment involves medications like allopurinol to reduce uric acid levels as well as lifestyle changes. Pseudogout is another type of crystal arthropathy seen in elderly women that involves calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition.
Surgical complications of diabetes mellitus
This document discusses surgical complications of diabetes mellitus. It defines diabetes and describes its two main types. It outlines risk factors and common symptoms. Surgical complications are then examined, including microvascular issues like retinopathy and nephropathy, and macrovascular problems involving blood vessels. Specific conditions seen more often in diabetics are also reviewed, such as diabetic foot, carbuncles, necrotizing fasciitis, and gangrene. The document emphasizes the importance of prevention and wound management to avoid limb loss.
Gout and pseudogout
This document discusses gout and pseudogout. It defines gout as a crystal-induced arthropathy caused by urate crystals depositing in tissues. It discusses the epidemiology, classification, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of both gout and pseudogout. Key points include that gout is more common in men and involves the lower extremities, while pseudogout predominantly affects the elderly and can resemble gout but is caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition. Treatment involves medications to reduce uric acid levels for gout and typically focuses on relieving symptoms for pseudogout.
Orthopaedics notes - Crystal Deposition Disorder
I upload for my future reference.
Feel free to download if you need a fast study material.
For undergraduate medical students.
Referred from Apley's.
Crystal arthritis ugs
Gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) are types of crystal-associated arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals and calcium pyrophosphate crystals respectively in the joints. Gout is characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis and tophus formation. CPPD can manifest as acute pseudogout attacks or chronic arthropathy. Diagnosis involves identification of the characteristic crystals in synovial fluid under polarized microscopy. Treatment involves NSAIDs, colchicine, corticosteroids and long-term urate-lowering therapy for gout.
Recommended
Gout and other crystal deposit diseases
This document discusses gout and other crystal deposition diseases. It describes gout as a disorder of purine metabolism that results in monosodium urate monohydrate crystal deposition in joints, tendons and other tissues, causing inflammation. There are two main types of gout: primary gout due to overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid, and secondary gout associated with conditions like myeloproliferative disorders or renal failure. Acute gout causes sudden, severe joint pain while chronic gout leads to increased stiffness, deformity and tophi formation. Diagnosis involves synovial fluid analysis identifying urate crystals. Treatment involves NSAIDs for acute flares and allopurinol to reduce
Rarer forms of crystal arthropathies
A small presentation, that I made on crystal arthropathies, particularly the rarer forms of the same.
Crystal associated arthropathies
This document discusses various types of crystal-associated arthropathies including:
- Monosodium urate monohydrate crystals which cause gout. Gout typically affects middle-aged males and causes painful inflammation in joints.
- Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals which cause pseudogout/chondrocalcinosis. This tends to affect the elderly and can mimic many other joint diseases.
- Calcium-containing crystals like hydroxyapatite which are associated with aging, osteoarthritis, and renal disease and can cause acute attacks of inflammation.
Gout
This document discusses crystal-induced arthritides such as gout, which is an inflammatory arthritis associated with hyperuricaemia. Acute gout often affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint, causing sudden and severe pain. Chronic gout can lead to tophaceous deposits of urate crystals in tissues. Hyperuricaemia is generally caused by either impaired uric acid excretion or increased production, and treatment involves medications like allopurinol to reduce uric acid levels as well as lifestyle changes. Pseudogout is another type of crystal arthropathy seen in elderly women that involves calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition.
Surgical complications of diabetes mellitus
This document discusses surgical complications of diabetes mellitus. It defines diabetes and describes its two main types. It outlines risk factors and common symptoms. Surgical complications are then examined, including microvascular issues like retinopathy and nephropathy, and macrovascular problems involving blood vessels. Specific conditions seen more often in diabetics are also reviewed, such as diabetic foot, carbuncles, necrotizing fasciitis, and gangrene. The document emphasizes the importance of prevention and wound management to avoid limb loss.
Gout and pseudogout
This document discusses gout and pseudogout. It defines gout as a crystal-induced arthropathy caused by urate crystals depositing in tissues. It discusses the epidemiology, classification, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of both gout and pseudogout. Key points include that gout is more common in men and involves the lower extremities, while pseudogout predominantly affects the elderly and can resemble gout but is caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition. Treatment involves medications to reduce uric acid levels for gout and typically focuses on relieving symptoms for pseudogout.
Orthopaedics notes - Crystal Deposition Disorder
I upload for my future reference.
Feel free to download if you need a fast study material.
For undergraduate medical students.
Referred from Apley's.
Crystal arthritis ugs
Gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) are types of crystal-associated arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals and calcium pyrophosphate crystals respectively in the joints. Gout is characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis and tophus formation. CPPD can manifest as acute pseudogout attacks or chronic arthropathy. Diagnosis involves identification of the characteristic crystals in synovial fluid under polarized microscopy. Treatment involves NSAIDs, colchicine, corticosteroids and long-term urate-lowering therapy for gout.
Crystal induced arthropathy
The document discusses crystal induced arthropathies, focusing on gout. It describes the four stages of gout as asymptomatic hyperuricemia, first acute attack, intercritical period between attacks, and chronic tophaceous gout. Diagnosis is made by identifying urate crystals in synovial fluid under polarized light microscopy. Treatment involves rapid relief of acute attacks using NSAIDs, colchicine or corticosteroids, followed by long-term urate-lowering therapy to prevent future attacks and joint damage. Imaging can detect tophi and erosions while ultrasound is useful for the double contour sign of urate deposition on cartilage.
Gout and pseudogout
This document discusses gout and pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease or CPPD). It provides a historical overview and describes the crystals involved in gout (monosodium urate) and pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate). It discusses the clinical presentation, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and long term outcomes of gout and pseudogout. Radiographic findings and fluid analysis findings that can help differentiate gout from pseudogout are also summarized.
Gout
This document discusses gout, a common form of arthritis caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints. It begins by defining gout and noting key facts about prevalence and risk factors like diet, genetics, and comorbidities. It then covers the biochemical processes involved in uric acid metabolism and excretion. The document details the signs and symptoms of acute and chronic gout, as well as methods for diagnosis and treatment approaches focused on reducing pain, inflammation, and underlying uric acid levels.
Gout
Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood that lead to the formation of urate crystals in the joints. It most commonly affects males over 50 and is characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain and swelling in joints like the feet and ankles. If left untreated, gout can progress to cause permanent joint damage and tophi, which are deposits of urate crystals in soft tissues. Treatment involves medications to reduce uric acid levels and prevent attacks, as well as lifestyle changes like diet modifications and limiting alcohol intake.
Physical examination for gout
The document provides information about the physical examination of a patient with gout. It describes the typical history of gout including risk factors like being male over 30, family history, hypertension, alcohol use, and diuretic use. Acute gout causes sudden severe joint pain lasting 1-2 weeks, while chronic gout causes recurrent attacks leading to joint damage. On examination, the patient may appear obese and red-skinned with swelling in common sites like the big toe. Tophi may form around joints and ulcers can develop. The affected joint will feel hot, tender and have reduced range of motion.
Gout and hyperuricemia
This document provides information about gout and hyperuricemia. It discusses uric acid metabolism and the causes of elevated uric acid levels. Gout is characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis caused by deposition of urate crystals in the joints. Risk factors include genetics, sex, adrenal dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, and vascular changes. Treatment involves medications to reduce uric acid levels such as allopurinol and febuxostat, in addition to symptomatic treatments for acute flares like NSAIDs, colchicine, and corticosteroids. Chronic tophaceous gout can lead to joint damage and other complications if uric acid levels are not well controlled.
Gout - types,causes,treatment
gout topic include their basic introduction, causes, types, symptoms, types of gout and their treatments
Pseudogout
CPPD deposition disease, also known as pseudogout, most commonly affects the elderly and involves the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in joints. While usually asymptomatic, it can sometimes cause acute arthritis. The deposition is associated with increased pyrophosphate production and decreased glycosaminoglycans in cartilage. Acute attacks are treated with joint aspiration, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids, while chronic cases may require medications like colchicine or DMARDs. The knee is the most frequently involved joint.
Crystal induced arthritis - Carlin
This document discusses calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease, also known as pseudogout. It begins by noting that CPPD disease is underrecognized and can present in varied ways, from acute pseudogout attacks to chronic polyarticular arthritis. It then covers the pathophysiology of CPP crystal deposition, risk factors for acute pseudogout, associated medical conditions, diagnostic findings on imaging and arthrocentesis, and treatment approaches which are all off-label and based on small studies or expert opinion.
Gout and Pseudogout
Gout is a metabolic disorder caused by uric acid crystal deposition in joints due to purine metabolism issues. It typically presents as sudden severe pain in the big toe joint. Chronic gout results in urate salt deposits called tophi in tissues. Treatment involves NSAIDs and colchicines for acute flares and allopurinol or probenecid to reduce uric acid levels long-term. Pseudo-gout involves calcium crystal deposition rather than uric acid, though symptoms are similar.
Gout
1. Gout and pseudogout are types of crystal arthritis caused by sodium urate crystals or calcium pyrophosphate crystals respectively.
2. Gout prevalence is increasing, especially in developed countries, and affects men more than women. Risk factors include diet, medications, age, gender and medical conditions.
3. Pseudogout usually affects the knees and wrists of elderly women, causing painful flare ups that are treated similarly to gout.
Session 14: Ch 15 PowerPoint Presentation
This document provides an overview of common diseases and disorders of the urinary system, including:
- Cystitis and urethritis, which are common UTIs caused by bacteria that can lead to painful urination and urinary frequency. Treatment involves antibiotics and increased fluid intake.
- Pyelonephritis, an inflammation of the kidneys and renal pelvis due to infection that can damage kidney function if left untreated.
- Renal calculi (kidney stones), mineral deposits that form in the kidneys causing pain and potentially blocking urine flow. Treatment focuses on prevention through fluid intake and sometimes surgical intervention.
- Polycystic kidney disease, a genetic disorder where fluid-filled cysts develop in
Emergency medicine board review
This document provides an overview of topics relevant to an emergency medicine board review. It covers common EM subjects like anaphylaxis, resuscitation, environmental injuries, acute abdomen, head trauma, orthopedics, ophthalmology, and toxicology. For each topic, it summarizes key clinical findings, treatments, and guidelines. For example, it outlines the pathogenesis, presentation, and management of anaphylaxis and snake bites. It also reviews pediatric head injury evaluation and concussion management guidelines. Throughout, it emphasizes important physical exam findings, indications for imaging or specialty referral, and principles of pediatric injury treatment.
Crystal deposition diseases
This document discusses crystal deposition diseases, specifically gout. It begins by defining gout as the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints and tissues, resulting from hyperuricaemia. It then covers the etiology and pathogenesis of hyperuricaemia and gout, clinical manifestations including acute arthritis, tophi, and nephropathy. It concludes with discussing investigations, differential diagnosis, and treatment approaches for both acute gout flares and long-term management.
Disorders of gall bladder
The document discusses disorders of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. It covers topics like cholelithiasis (gallstones), cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation), choledocholithiasis (bile duct stones), cholangitis (bile duct inflammation), biliary cirrhosis, biliary atresia, gallbladder and bile duct cancers. The major points are that gallstones are a common cause of gallbladder disease in Western countries. Inflammation of the gallbladder or bile ducts can occur due to stone obstruction or infection and may lead to complications like sepsis. Biliary cirrhosis can develop from longstanding bile duct obstruction. Biliary atresia is a
COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE...
COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
The complications of diabetes mellitus are far less common and less severe in people who have well-controlled blood sugar levels.Wider health problems accelerate the deleterious effects of diabetes. These include smoking, elevated cholesterol levels, obesity, high blood pressure, and lack of regular exercise. Pseudo GOUT knee
This 70-year-old woman presented with knee pain. Imaging showed tricompartmental joint space narrowing bilaterally with chondrocalcinosis in the knees. The differential diagnosis included CPPD arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoarthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. The diagnosis was determined to be calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPPD arthritis or pseudogout) based on the chondrocalcinosis seen on imaging. CPPD is a type of crystalline arthropathy causing acute or chronic joint inflammation most commonly seen in the knees.
Emergency Medicine Board Review 2014 GU
This document provides a concise board review of male genitourinary diseases and renal topics. It summarizes common conditions like balanitis, phimosis, epididymitis, priapism, penile fracture, and testicular torsion. It also reviews renal cystic disease, nephrolithiasis, and the principles of acute renal failure including the distinctions between pre-renal, intrinsic, and post-renal etiologies. Management strategies are highlighted for timely surgical interventions or medical therapies.
Gout
Gouty arthritis is a form of arthritis that is caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. The condition is characterized by sudden and severe attacks of pain, redness, and swelling in the affected joint(s). Gouty arthritis is a chronic condition that can lead to joint damage, disability, and other complications if left untreated.
## Causes of Gouty Arthritis
Gouty arthritis is caused by an accumulation of uric acid in the blood, a condition called hyperuricemia. Uric acid is a waste product that is produced when the body breaks down purines, substances that are found naturally in the body and in certain foods. When there is too much uric acid in the blood, it can form sharp, needle-like crystals that accumulate in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain.
## Symptoms of Gouty Arthritis
The symptoms of gouty arthritis typically include sudden and severe pain in the affected joint(s), along with redness, swelling, and warmth. The pain is usually most severe during the first 12-24 hours of an attack, and can last for several days to weeks. Over time, gouty arthritis can lead to chronic joint pain, stiffness, and damage.
## Diagnosis of Gouty Arthritis
Gouty arthritis is typically diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests. A doctor may perform a physical exam to look for signs of inflammation and check the affected joint(s) for swelling, redness, and warmth. Blood tests may be done to measure the level of uric acid in the blood, and a sample of fluid from the affected joint(s) may be analyzed to look for the presence of uric acid crystals.
## Treatment of Gouty Arthritis
The treatment of gouty arthritis typically involves a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. Medications may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and inflammation, and corticosteroids or colchicine to reduce the severity and duration of gout attacks. Lifestyle changes may include maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol consumption, and avoiding foods high in purines.
## Prevention of Gouty Arthritis
The prevention of gouty arthritis involves making lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of hyperuricemia and gout attacks. This may include maintaining a healthy weight, drinking plenty of water, limiting alcohol consumption, and avoiding foods high in purines, such as red meat, shellfish, and organ meats.
## Conclusion
In conclusion, gouty arthritis is a chronic condition that can lead to joint damage and other complications if left untreated. The condition is caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints.
Crystal deposition disorders in relation to orthopedics
These slides are about crystal deposition disorders commonly seen in orthopedics practice including gout and psudogout.
Gout arthritis - comprehensive ppt
metabolic disease, arthriris,urate nephropathy,tophi,monosodium urate crystals,gouty arthritis,tophaceous gout, uricosuric drugs.podagra,febuxostat,pegloticase,thiazides
Uveitis in Behcet disease and VKH
This document provides information on Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome (VKH) and Behcet's Disease. It discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of both conditions. VKH is an autoimmune disease affecting melanocytes in the skin, eyes, inner ears, and brain. It presents with uveitis, hearing loss, neurological symptoms, and depigmentation. Behcet's disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown origin that can cause oral ulcers, skin lesions, genital ulcers, arthritis, and ocular inflammation.
More Related Content
What's hot
Crystal induced arthropathy
The document discusses crystal induced arthropathies, focusing on gout. It describes the four stages of gout as asymptomatic hyperuricemia, first acute attack, intercritical period between attacks, and chronic tophaceous gout. Diagnosis is made by identifying urate crystals in synovial fluid under polarized light microscopy. Treatment involves rapid relief of acute attacks using NSAIDs, colchicine or corticosteroids, followed by long-term urate-lowering therapy to prevent future attacks and joint damage. Imaging can detect tophi and erosions while ultrasound is useful for the double contour sign of urate deposition on cartilage.
Gout and pseudogout
This document discusses gout and pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease or CPPD). It provides a historical overview and describes the crystals involved in gout (monosodium urate) and pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate). It discusses the clinical presentation, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and long term outcomes of gout and pseudogout. Radiographic findings and fluid analysis findings that can help differentiate gout from pseudogout are also summarized.
Gout
This document discusses gout, a common form of arthritis caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints. It begins by defining gout and noting key facts about prevalence and risk factors like diet, genetics, and comorbidities. It then covers the biochemical processes involved in uric acid metabolism and excretion. The document details the signs and symptoms of acute and chronic gout, as well as methods for diagnosis and treatment approaches focused on reducing pain, inflammation, and underlying uric acid levels.
Gout
Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood that lead to the formation of urate crystals in the joints. It most commonly affects males over 50 and is characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain and swelling in joints like the feet and ankles. If left untreated, gout can progress to cause permanent joint damage and tophi, which are deposits of urate crystals in soft tissues. Treatment involves medications to reduce uric acid levels and prevent attacks, as well as lifestyle changes like diet modifications and limiting alcohol intake.
Physical examination for gout
The document provides information about the physical examination of a patient with gout. It describes the typical history of gout including risk factors like being male over 30, family history, hypertension, alcohol use, and diuretic use. Acute gout causes sudden severe joint pain lasting 1-2 weeks, while chronic gout causes recurrent attacks leading to joint damage. On examination, the patient may appear obese and red-skinned with swelling in common sites like the big toe. Tophi may form around joints and ulcers can develop. The affected joint will feel hot, tender and have reduced range of motion.
Gout and hyperuricemia
This document provides information about gout and hyperuricemia. It discusses uric acid metabolism and the causes of elevated uric acid levels. Gout is characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis caused by deposition of urate crystals in the joints. Risk factors include genetics, sex, adrenal dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, and vascular changes. Treatment involves medications to reduce uric acid levels such as allopurinol and febuxostat, in addition to symptomatic treatments for acute flares like NSAIDs, colchicine, and corticosteroids. Chronic tophaceous gout can lead to joint damage and other complications if uric acid levels are not well controlled.
Gout - types,causes,treatment
gout topic include their basic introduction, causes, types, symptoms, types of gout and their treatments
Pseudogout
CPPD deposition disease, also known as pseudogout, most commonly affects the elderly and involves the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in joints. While usually asymptomatic, it can sometimes cause acute arthritis. The deposition is associated with increased pyrophosphate production and decreased glycosaminoglycans in cartilage. Acute attacks are treated with joint aspiration, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids, while chronic cases may require medications like colchicine or DMARDs. The knee is the most frequently involved joint.
Crystal induced arthritis - Carlin
This document discusses calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease, also known as pseudogout. It begins by noting that CPPD disease is underrecognized and can present in varied ways, from acute pseudogout attacks to chronic polyarticular arthritis. It then covers the pathophysiology of CPP crystal deposition, risk factors for acute pseudogout, associated medical conditions, diagnostic findings on imaging and arthrocentesis, and treatment approaches which are all off-label and based on small studies or expert opinion.
Gout and Pseudogout
Gout is a metabolic disorder caused by uric acid crystal deposition in joints due to purine metabolism issues. It typically presents as sudden severe pain in the big toe joint. Chronic gout results in urate salt deposits called tophi in tissues. Treatment involves NSAIDs and colchicines for acute flares and allopurinol or probenecid to reduce uric acid levels long-term. Pseudo-gout involves calcium crystal deposition rather than uric acid, though symptoms are similar.
Gout
1. Gout and pseudogout are types of crystal arthritis caused by sodium urate crystals or calcium pyrophosphate crystals respectively.
2. Gout prevalence is increasing, especially in developed countries, and affects men more than women. Risk factors include diet, medications, age, gender and medical conditions.
3. Pseudogout usually affects the knees and wrists of elderly women, causing painful flare ups that are treated similarly to gout.
Session 14: Ch 15 PowerPoint Presentation
This document provides an overview of common diseases and disorders of the urinary system, including:
- Cystitis and urethritis, which are common UTIs caused by bacteria that can lead to painful urination and urinary frequency. Treatment involves antibiotics and increased fluid intake.
- Pyelonephritis, an inflammation of the kidneys and renal pelvis due to infection that can damage kidney function if left untreated.
- Renal calculi (kidney stones), mineral deposits that form in the kidneys causing pain and potentially blocking urine flow. Treatment focuses on prevention through fluid intake and sometimes surgical intervention.
- Polycystic kidney disease, a genetic disorder where fluid-filled cysts develop in
Emergency medicine board review
This document provides an overview of topics relevant to an emergency medicine board review. It covers common EM subjects like anaphylaxis, resuscitation, environmental injuries, acute abdomen, head trauma, orthopedics, ophthalmology, and toxicology. For each topic, it summarizes key clinical findings, treatments, and guidelines. For example, it outlines the pathogenesis, presentation, and management of anaphylaxis and snake bites. It also reviews pediatric head injury evaluation and concussion management guidelines. Throughout, it emphasizes important physical exam findings, indications for imaging or specialty referral, and principles of pediatric injury treatment.
Crystal deposition diseases
This document discusses crystal deposition diseases, specifically gout. It begins by defining gout as the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints and tissues, resulting from hyperuricaemia. It then covers the etiology and pathogenesis of hyperuricaemia and gout, clinical manifestations including acute arthritis, tophi, and nephropathy. It concludes with discussing investigations, differential diagnosis, and treatment approaches for both acute gout flares and long-term management.
Disorders of gall bladder
The document discusses disorders of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. It covers topics like cholelithiasis (gallstones), cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation), choledocholithiasis (bile duct stones), cholangitis (bile duct inflammation), biliary cirrhosis, biliary atresia, gallbladder and bile duct cancers. The major points are that gallstones are a common cause of gallbladder disease in Western countries. Inflammation of the gallbladder or bile ducts can occur due to stone obstruction or infection and may lead to complications like sepsis. Biliary cirrhosis can develop from longstanding bile duct obstruction. Biliary atresia is a
COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE...
COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
The complications of diabetes mellitus are far less common and less severe in people who have well-controlled blood sugar levels.Wider health problems accelerate the deleterious effects of diabetes. These include smoking, elevated cholesterol levels, obesity, high blood pressure, and lack of regular exercise. Pseudo GOUT knee
This 70-year-old woman presented with knee pain. Imaging showed tricompartmental joint space narrowing bilaterally with chondrocalcinosis in the knees. The differential diagnosis included CPPD arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoarthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. The diagnosis was determined to be calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPPD arthritis or pseudogout) based on the chondrocalcinosis seen on imaging. CPPD is a type of crystalline arthropathy causing acute or chronic joint inflammation most commonly seen in the knees.
Emergency Medicine Board Review 2014 GU
This document provides a concise board review of male genitourinary diseases and renal topics. It summarizes common conditions like balanitis, phimosis, epididymitis, priapism, penile fracture, and testicular torsion. It also reviews renal cystic disease, nephrolithiasis, and the principles of acute renal failure including the distinctions between pre-renal, intrinsic, and post-renal etiologies. Management strategies are highlighted for timely surgical interventions or medical therapies.
What's hot (18)
COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE...
COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE...
Similar to Gout
Gout
Gouty arthritis is a form of arthritis that is caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. The condition is characterized by sudden and severe attacks of pain, redness, and swelling in the affected joint(s). Gouty arthritis is a chronic condition that can lead to joint damage, disability, and other complications if left untreated.
## Causes of Gouty Arthritis
Gouty arthritis is caused by an accumulation of uric acid in the blood, a condition called hyperuricemia. Uric acid is a waste product that is produced when the body breaks down purines, substances that are found naturally in the body and in certain foods. When there is too much uric acid in the blood, it can form sharp, needle-like crystals that accumulate in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain.
## Symptoms of Gouty Arthritis
The symptoms of gouty arthritis typically include sudden and severe pain in the affected joint(s), along with redness, swelling, and warmth. The pain is usually most severe during the first 12-24 hours of an attack, and can last for several days to weeks. Over time, gouty arthritis can lead to chronic joint pain, stiffness, and damage.
## Diagnosis of Gouty Arthritis
Gouty arthritis is typically diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests. A doctor may perform a physical exam to look for signs of inflammation and check the affected joint(s) for swelling, redness, and warmth. Blood tests may be done to measure the level of uric acid in the blood, and a sample of fluid from the affected joint(s) may be analyzed to look for the presence of uric acid crystals.
## Treatment of Gouty Arthritis
The treatment of gouty arthritis typically involves a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. Medications may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and inflammation, and corticosteroids or colchicine to reduce the severity and duration of gout attacks. Lifestyle changes may include maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol consumption, and avoiding foods high in purines.
## Prevention of Gouty Arthritis
The prevention of gouty arthritis involves making lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of hyperuricemia and gout attacks. This may include maintaining a healthy weight, drinking plenty of water, limiting alcohol consumption, and avoiding foods high in purines, such as red meat, shellfish, and organ meats.
## Conclusion
In conclusion, gouty arthritis is a chronic condition that can lead to joint damage and other complications if left untreated. The condition is caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints.
Crystal deposition disorders in relation to orthopedics
These slides are about crystal deposition disorders commonly seen in orthopedics practice including gout and psudogout.
Gout arthritis - comprehensive ppt
metabolic disease, arthriris,urate nephropathy,tophi,monosodium urate crystals,gouty arthritis,tophaceous gout, uricosuric drugs.podagra,febuxostat,pegloticase,thiazides
Uveitis in Behcet disease and VKH
This document provides information on Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome (VKH) and Behcet's Disease. It discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of both conditions. VKH is an autoimmune disease affecting melanocytes in the skin, eyes, inner ears, and brain. It presents with uveitis, hearing loss, neurological symptoms, and depigmentation. Behcet's disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown origin that can cause oral ulcers, skin lesions, genital ulcers, arthritis, and ocular inflammation.
CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF DM.pptx
This document summarizes various cutaneous manifestations that can occur in patients with diabetes mellitus. It discusses infections, vascular changes, and other conditions that are more common or specific to diabetics. These include infections like candidiasis and bacterial infections due to impaired immunity. Microvascular changes can lead to complications like diabetic dermopathy, foot ulcers, and gangrene. Other conditions like necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, acanthosis nigricans, and various dermatoses may be associated with diabetes. Cutaneous signs can also arise from complications of diabetes therapy.
Chronic complication of diabetes melitus
This document discusses chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, focusing on microvascular complications including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and foot disease as well as macrovascular complications affecting the coronary, cerebral, and peripheral circulations. It provides details on the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. It also covers diabetic neuropathy, including different types, clinical features, and treatments. The document concludes with a discussion of diabetic foot complications including foot ulcers and Charcot neuroarthropathy.
Gout and pseudo gout
This document discusses gout and pseudogout. It provides details on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, imaging, diagnosis and treatment of both conditions. For gout, it describes the stages from asymptomatic hyperuricemia to acute gouty arthritis to chronic tophaceous gout. It outlines treatment approaches for the different stages, including medications like colchicine, NSAIDs and allopurinol. For pseudogout, it briefly covers pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment.
Uveitis
This document provides information on various types of uveitis (inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye) including:
- Types of uveitis based on location such as iritis, cyclitis, choroiditis, etc.
- Causes of uveitis including infectious, autoimmune, neoplastic, and idiopathic.
- Presentation of uveitis depending on factors such as onset (sudden or insidious), duration (limited or persistent), activity level, and presence of complications.
- Investigations, treatment approaches including medications, injections and surgery, and management considerations for different types of uveitis.
UVEITIS
This document provides information on uveitis, including:
- Epidemiology data showing it is the third leading cause of blindness in developed countries, with highest rates in those over 65.
- Classification systems for uveitis based on location (anterior, intermediate, posterior, panuveitis) and duration (acute vs chronic).
- Signs and symptoms include redness, pain, photophobia, blurry vision, and floaters. Clinical signs depend on location and can include cells in the anterior chamber or snowballs in the vitreous.
- Differential diagnoses and specific types of non-infectious uveitis are discussed, including associations with autoimmune diseases like anky
A case of submandibular swelling
This case report describes a 22-year-old male presenting with a painful swelling in the right submandibular region for 7 days that was aggravated by eating. Clinical examination revealed a sublingual hard mass that was mobile with an irregular surface. Ultrasound showed a sialolithiasis measuring 20 x 8 mm in the right Wharton's duct with secondary sialadenitis of the right submandibular gland. The patient underwent transoral excision of the sialolithiasis and was discharged after recovery with no complications.
Hyperuricemia and Gout
Hyperuricemia Lecture
Presented by Usama Ragab Youssif
For 5th-year medical students - Zagazig University
Skin in ckd Dr.chandan
This document discusses the various dermatological manifestations of chronic kidney disease. It describes:
1) Skin conditions associated with diseases that can lead to end-stage renal disease like diabetes and connective tissue disorders.
2) Common uremic skin manifestations in patients with kidney failure like xerosis, pruritis, nail changes, and pigmentary alterations.
3) Dermatological complications related to renal transplantation like infections, drug reactions, and malignancies. Specific conditions discussed in detail include calciphylaxis, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, and bullous disease of dialysis.
The diabetic foot in primary care andre sookdar
The document discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, prevention, and management of diabetic foot problems. Some key points:
- Diabetic foot problems are a major cause of hospitalization and lower limb amputations in Trinidad and Tobago, disproportionately affecting those of East Indian descent.
- Risk factors include age, diabetes duration over 10 years, gender, poor glycemic control, obesity, smoking, and previous foot ulcers or trauma.
- Presentation involves neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, foot deformities, calluses, and skin changes which can lead to foot ulcers and infections.
- Prevention requires patient education on foot care, monitoring for problems, and treatment of risk factors. Management involves a
GOUT.pptx
This document provides information about a patient presenting with right foot pain who is being evaluated for gout. It includes the patient's history, physical exam findings, lab results, and diagnostic workup. The primary working impression is acute gouty arthritis given the patient's risk factors of age, obesity, drinking, and diet high in meat and organ meats. Differential diagnoses considered include septic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and pseudogout but are deemed less likely. Management involves symptomatic relief of the acute attack and long-term urate-lowering therapy to prevent future attacks.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical features
This document describes the clinical manifestations and patterns of Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease can present with abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. It can also cause complications throughout the digestive system and other organ systems. The symptoms vary depending on the specific location and severity of inflammation. Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical features, endoscopic imaging, and lab tests.
GESTATIONAL DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...
GESTATIONAL DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Diabetes can cause several complications that affect the skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, nerves, and genitals. Some of the major cutaneous complications include infections, fungal infections, itching, digital sclerosis, acanthosis nigricans, diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica, pigmented purpura, diabetic blisters, and gangrene. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness and can cause proliferative retinopathy, vitreous hemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachment if left untreated. Gastrointestinal complications involve gastroparesis, enteropathy, fatty liver disease, and increased risk of cirrhosis. GenitourDIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MED...
DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MED...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Diabetes can cause several complications that affect the skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, nerves, and genitals. Some short term complications include hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hyperosmolar coma. Long term complications involve damage to various organs and tissues over many years, such as retinopathy (eye disease), nephropathy (kidney disease), and neuropathy (nerve damage). Without proper blood sugar management, people with diabetes are also at risk of developing infections, circulatory problems, and other disorders.DENTAL COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR M...
DENTAL COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR M...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Diabetes can cause several complications that affect the skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, nerves, and genitals. Some of the major cutaneous complications include infections, fungal infections, itching, digital sclerosis, acanthosis nigricans, diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica, pigmented purpura, diabetic blisters, and gangrene. Retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness and can cause proliferative retinopathy, vitreous hemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachment if not properly managed. Gastroparesis, enteropathy, fatty liver disease, and esophageal problems are some gastrointestinal complications. Genitourinary issues involve erectileDIABETIC NEPHROPATHY BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...
DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Diabetes can cause several complications that affect the skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, nerves, and genitourinary system. Some of the major cutaneous complications include infections, fungal infections, itching, digital sclerosis, acanthosis nigricans, diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, and ulcers. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness and can cause proliferative retinopathy, vitreous hemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachment if left untreated. Gastroparesis, enteropathy, fatty liver disease, and esophageal problems are some gastrointestinal complications. Genitourinary issues involve erectile dysfunction, retroDermatologic manifestations of renal diseases
This document discusses the various dermatological manifestations that can occur in patients with renal disease. It covers cutaneous disorders that are common in patients with end-stage renal disease, as well as specific manifestations related to chronic kidney failure, dialysis treatment, and renal transplantation. Some key manifestations mentioned include pruritus, xerosis, bullous disorders, skin infections, hyperpigmentation, nail changes, and various drug-related side effects from immunosuppressants. Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy is also described as a distinct sclerodermoid condition seen in renal failure and transplant patients.
Similar to Gout (20)
Crystal deposition disorders in relation to orthopedics
Crystal deposition disorders in relation to orthopedics
GESTATIONAL DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...
GESTATIONAL DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...
DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MED...
DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MED...
DENTAL COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR M...
DENTAL COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR M...
DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...
DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPO...
More from Narayan Medical College, Gopal Narayan Singh University
Post menopausal osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility and risk of fractures. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) occurs when declining estrogen levels after menopause result in excessive bone resorption not fully compensated by bone formation. Diagnosis involves assessing bone mineral density via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and excluding secondary causes through laboratory tests and medical history. Treatment goals for PMO are to prevent fractures, stabilize or increase bone mass, relieve symptoms, improve mobility, and initiate lifestyle changes to further prevent fractures.
Osteoporosis prof g s patnaik
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to fragile bones that are prone to fractures. It is most commonly seen in older adults, especially post-menopausal women, and is caused by an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. Common symptoms include fractures of the spine, hips, ribs and wrists. Risk factors include family history, smoking, excessive alcohol, low calcium diet, and certain medical conditions. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like exercise and calcium supplementation as well as medications to slow bone loss and increase bone density.
Osteomyelitis
This document discusses osteomyelitis, an inflammation of bone caused by an infecting organism. It begins by providing the etymology and definition of osteomyelitis. It then discusses various classifications of osteomyelitis including acute vs chronic duration, and classifications based on mechanism (hematogenous, contiguous) and host response (pyogenic, non-pyogenic). The document provides details on the presentation, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis as well as chronic osteomyelitis. It also briefly discusses other types such as Brodie's abscess and tuberculous osteomyelitis.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. It typically affects older adults over age 45 and is more prevalent in women. Key symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility. While its exact causes are unknown, risk factors include age, obesity, prior joint injury, and genetics. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and inflammation through medications like acetaminophen, NSAIDs, and viscosupplementation injections. For severe cases not helped by other options, knee replacement surgery may be considered.
Osteoarthritis lecture
Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent joint disease characterized by cartilage breakdown. It most commonly affects older adults and weight-bearing joints like the knee. Non-surgical treatment involves medications like acetaminophen and NSAIDs to manage pain as well as physical therapy and weight loss. When conservative options fail to provide relief, procedures like injections, osteotomy, or total knee replacement may be considered to improve function and quality of life.
Musculoskeletal manifestations of_diabetes_mellitus
Musculoskeletal manifestations of_diabetes_mellitusNarayan Medical College, Gopal Narayan Singh University
The document discusses musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus. It notes that diabetes is a multi-system disease that can affect connective tissue in various ways, leading to issues like neuroarthropathy, hyperostosis, osteoporosis, and more. Specific conditions addressed include carpal tunnel syndrome, which affects 1/3 of diabetic patients, adhesive capsulitis or "frozen shoulder" which impacts shoulder movement, and tenosynovitis. The conclusion emphasizes that clinicians should be aware of these potential musculoskeletal disorders in order to best treat and care for patients with diabetes.Gout
Crystal deposition diseases like gout result from the deposition of crystals like urate in joints and surrounding tissues. Gout is caused by elevated uric acid levels resulting from purine metabolism abnormalities. It usually affects middle-aged males and post-menopausal females, causing sudden, severe joint pain and inflammation. Diagnosis is confirmed by identifying urate crystals in joint fluid. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications like allopurinol and NSAIDs to prevent attacks and reduce uric acid levels.
Fractures
Fractures are breaks in the continuity of bone that are usually caused by trauma. They are described and classified based on their type, communication with the external environment, and anatomic location. The goals of treatment are to realign bone fragments through reduction, immobilize using casts, plates or traction to maintain alignment during healing, and restore normal function. Complications can include infection, compartment syndrome which decreases blood flow, venous thrombosis, fat embolism syndrome, and issues with healing like malunion, non-union or osteomyelitis.
Dr patnaik low back pain non surgical treatment options
Dr patnaik low back pain non surgical treatment optionsNarayan Medical College, Gopal Narayan Singh University
The document discusses neck and back pain and non-surgical treatment options. It states that an estimated 1 billion people worldwide suffer from back pain, which is a major cause of disability globally. Prevention through lifestyle choices that protect the spine is emphasized. Non-surgical treatment options discussed include medications, physical therapy, spinal injections, and lifestyle modifications like exercise and weight control. Surgery is considered if conservative treatments fail or neurological issues are present.Ctev prof g s patnaik
This document provides an outline on paediatric orthopaedics, focusing on congenital talipes equino varus (clubfoot). It defines clubfoot as causing a deformity known as CAVE, describes its epidemiology as affecting 1-2 per 1000 births and being bilateral in 1/3 of cases, and discusses treatment methods including serial manipulative casting pioneered by Ponseti, as well as operative options when non-operative treatment fails.
Clubfoot prof g s patnaik
Clubfoot is a birth defect where the foot is twisted into an abnormal position. It is caused by genetic and environmental factors and affects males more than females. Treatment involves stretching the foot into correct position with casting or taping and bracing to maintain correction. The Ponseti method uses weekly casting and bracing while the French method uses daily taping. Surgery is reserved for severe cases that do not respond to non-surgical treatment. Proper treatment can result in normal foot function in most cases.
Bones, joints, muscles prof g s patnaik
This document provides an overview of orthopaedics and musculoskeletal anatomy. It begins by defining orthopaedics as the correction of deformities from childhood, involving the bones. It then discusses bone structure and composition, the 206 bones in the human body, and bone function. The document proceeds to explain the two types of bone formation, bone growth and remodeling, the classifications and components of joints, muscle function and naming conventions, and the three classes of levers as they relate to muscle function and movement.
Bone tumor dr patnaik
This document discusses various bone tumors including their classification, locations, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. It covers both benign and malignant bone tumors. Some of the key tumors mentioned are osteoid osteoma (diaphysis), osteochondroma (bone ends), enchondroma (intermedullary), fibrous dysplasia (intermedullary), osteosarcoma (metaphysis), chondrosarcoma (pelvis, spine, shoulder), Ewing's sarcoma (diaphysis), multiple myeloma (punched-out lesions) and metastatic disease (spine, pelvis, femur). Radiographic analysis and biopsy are important for diagnosis while treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant
Bone metastasis dr g s patnaik
This document discusses bone metastases, including their molecular mechanisms, origin and distribution, clinical features, and management. Some key points include:
- Bone is a common site of metastasis for many cancers, including breast, prostate, lung, and kidney cancers.
- Only a small proportion (around 0.01%) of circulating cancer cells actually form metastases.
- Metastases can cause bone pain, pathological fractures, nerve compression, and hypercalcemia.
- Surgical management may be needed for fractures, spinal cord compression, or joint involvement. Palliative radiotherapy and embolization are also options.
- Several clinical cases are presented and scored to estimate risk of fracture in the next 6 months.
Back and neck pain pdf file
The document discusses neck and back pain and non-surgical treatment options. It states that an estimated 1 billion people worldwide suffer from back pain, which is a major cause of disability globally. Prevention through lifestyle choices that protect the spine is emphasized. Non-surgical treatment options discussed include medications, physical therapy, spinal injections, and lifestyle modifications like exercise and weight control. Surgery is considered if conservative treatments fail or neurological issues are present.
Bone grafting
Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that uses bone material to repair and fuse bones. The bone material can come from the patient's own body (autograft), donated bone tissue (allograft), or synthetic substitutes. Bone grafting helps repair complex fractures, spinal fusions, and defects from injuries or surgery through osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteogenesis. While autografts have the best incorporation rates, all grafts carry risks of infection, rejection, and failure to heal.
Theessenceofbhagwatgita 090611063116-phpapp01
Theessenceofbhagwatgita 090611063116-phpapp01Narayan Medical College, Gopal Narayan Singh University
This document provides an overview and introduction to a course on the Bhagavad Gita. It discusses several key topics that will be covered in the course, including:
1. The existence of God and scripture as the word of God.
2. Krishna as the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
3. The existence and nature of the soul and its distinction from the body.
4. The concept of karma and how bad things can happen to good people due to their past karma.
5. An introduction to different types of yoga and how bhakti yoga is the topmost system for achieving union with God.Spinal injury..whats new ..dr g s patnaik
This document discusses the history, causes, management, rehabilitation, and future of spinal cord injuries. It provides an overview of incidence rates in the USA and Oman and reviews etiology, surgical anatomy, classification systems, approaches to treatment, and complications. The document also describes 10 spinal surgery cases performed by a team in Oman between January-March 2007, which were done practically free of cost. It emphasizes the importance of prevention through education and highlights the need for continued research to advance treatment options.
Soft tissue lesions .a perspective g s patnaik
Soft tissue lesions .a perspective g s patnaikNarayan Medical College, Gopal Narayan Singh University
1. Soft tissue injuries like periarthritis shoulder (frozen shoulder), supraspinatus tendinitis, plantar fascitis, and Dupuytren's contracture were discussed along with their definitions, etiologies, clinical features, investigations, and treatment approaches.
2. Conservative treatments include rest, NSAIDs, physical therapy, local steroid injections, while surgical options were mentioned for more severe cases like manipulation under anesthesia or fasciectomy.
3. The document provided an overview of these common soft tissue conditions seen in clinical practice.Soft tissue lesion .prof g s patnaik
This document discusses soft tissue lesions, including tennis elbow, carpal tunnel syndrome, and trigger finger. For tennis elbow, it describes the causes as overuse or repetitive stress injuries, clinical features such as lateral epicondyle pain aggravated by certain motions, and treatments including rest, bracing, injections and surgery. Carpal tunnel syndrome is defined as median nerve entrapment at the wrist. It lists causes such as medical conditions and repetitive stress. Clinical features include numbness and tingling in the median nerve distribution. Trigger finger is caused by thickening of the tendon sheath which results in the finger getting trapped and snapping on motion. Injection of steroids or surgery to divide the pulley may treat trigger finger.
More from Narayan Medical College, Gopal Narayan Singh University (20)
Musculoskeletal manifestations of_diabetes_mellitus
Musculoskeletal manifestations of_diabetes_mellitus
Dr patnaik low back pain non surgical treatment options
Dr patnaik low back pain non surgical treatment options
Recently uploaded
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Learn about body grief and ways to cope with it. We will also explore methods to heal from this challenging experience.
REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
It includes regulation of combination products and medical devices. FDA and industry liaisons.
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.com
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidadeProf. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Our aim is to organise conscious gatherings and retreats for open and inquisitive minds and souls, with and without the assistance of sacred plants.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Recently uploaded (20)
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
REGULATION FOR COMBINATION PRODUCTS AND MEDICAL DEVICES.pptx
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
Thyroid Gland- Gross Anatomy by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Thyroid Gland- Gross Anatomy by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidade
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Gout
- 2. Crystal deposition disease Group of conditions : presence of crystals in & around joints, bursae & tendons • Gout • CPPD (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate) • Hydroxyapatite
- 3. GOUT Consequences : crystal deposition • Remains inert and asymptomatic • Induces acute inflammatory reaction • Slow destruction of the affected tissue
- 4. Gout • Disorder of purine metabolism • Common in males m:f = 20:1 • In females after menopause • Hyperurecemia – Monosodium urate monohydrate crystals • Recurrent acute synovitis Two types: • Primary 95%: Inherited disorder • Over production / under excretion of uric acid • Secondary 5% : Acquired condition • Over production • Myeloproliferative disorders • Under excretion • Renal failure
- 5. Two types: • Primary 95%: Inherited disorder • Over production / under excretion of uric acid • Secondary 5% : Acquired condition Over production Under Excretion (renal Failure) • Myeloproliferative disorders
- 6. Gout Pathology : • All patients with a high serum uric acid do not develop gout • Crystals are deposited in minute clumps : remain inert for years • Local trauma ? disperses crystals into joint : acute inflammatory reaction
- 7. Pathology .. Gout… • Each crystal : phagocytosed or float free in the joint • Over years, urate deposits build up in joints , periarticular tissue,tendon and bursa :destroy articular cartilage and periarticular bone
- 8. Pathology : Common sites of deposition : • MTPJ of great toe • Achillis tendon • Olecrenon bursa • Pinna of the ears • Tophi : < 1cm to several cms : may ulcerate through the skin Gout
- 9. Gout Clinical features : • Men > 30 yrs of age • Women after menopause • Obese, hypertensive, alcohol friendly • Patients on diuretics : (increases tubular re-absorption of uric acid) • Family history : positive
- 10. Gout Acute gout : • Sudden severe joint pain, ? precipitated by • Minor trauma • Surgery • More in the night • Lasts for 1-2 wks and completely resolves • Minor illness • Unaccustomed exercise • Alcohol
- 12. Gout Clinical features: Acute Gout • Common sites are affected • Joint hot and tender : d/d : septic arthritis • Hyperurecemia not diagnostic • Diagnosis confirmed by synovial fluid analysis for negatively bifringent urate crystals
- 13. Gout Chronic gout Recurrent attacks • increased joint stiffness & deformity • Tophi appear over the common sites • Large tophi may ulcerate the skin • Chalky material discharged • Renal calculi, renal parenchymal disease
- 14. Gout Radiology : Acute gout : Only soft tissue swelling Chronic gout • Tophi appear as punched out lesions (cysts) in the para- articular bone ends • Secondary osteoarthrosis • Infected bursitis
- 15. Gout Differential Diagnosis: • Infection • Cellulitis • Septic arthritis • Infected bursitis Reiter’s disease • History more protracted • Response to Nsaids less
- 16. Gout Differential Diagnosis : Pseudogout • Affects larger joints • More common in women • Pyrophosphate dihydrite crystals deposition Rheumatoid arthritis • Polyarticular gout : affecting fingers • Elbow tophi : mistaken for subcutaneous nodule – Biopsy establishes diagnosis
- 17. Gout Treatment Acute stage • Rest to the joint • Nsaids • Aspiration Interval therapy • Loose weight • Reduce alcohol • Eliminate diuretics • Urocosuric drugs – allopurinol Interval therapy indicated : • Acute attacks occur at frequent intervals • Presence of tophi • When renal function is affected • Colchicine less effective • Intra-articular hydrocortisone
- 19. Gout Interval therapy • Loose weight • Reduce alcohol • Eliminate diuretics • Urocosuric drugs – allopurinol Interval therapy indicated : • Acute attacks occur at frequent intervals • Presence of tophi • When renal function is affected
- 20. Gout Interval therapy: • Urocosuric drugs : if renal function is normal • Allopurinol : xanthine oxidase inhibitor : preferred – These drugs are never started in acute stage – They should be always covered by NSAID’s / Colchicine as they will otherwise precipitate an attack of gout Chronic gout: • Allopurinol is the drug of choice • Ulcerating tophi may have to be evacuated