Neisseria gonorrhoeae was discovered in 1879 by Albert Neisser. It is a gram-negative bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. Gonorrhea has symptoms like burning during urination and abnormal discharge. It is common among sexually active individuals ages 15-29. While treatable with antibiotics, it can lead to serious issues if left untreated, especially for women. Prevention involves safe sex practices like using condoms.