The ENGO Network on CCS was created in 2011 and includes several environmental non-governmental organizations that work to ensure carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is deployed safely and effectively to mitigate climate change. The network aims to develop common positions, disseminate scientific information on CCS, and support domestic and international policies that enable CCS. At the 2012 UN climate conference, the network presented a paper calling for increased governmental and international support for CCS through policies like carbon pricing, regulations, funding for demonstration projects, and knowledge sharing. The document summarizes recommendations for different countries and regions to overcome barriers that have limited CCS deployment in Europe.

1. Global status and
perspectives on CCS
The ENGO Network on CCS
Camilla Skriung, ZERO

2. The ENGO Network on CCS
• Created in 2011
• Members:
Clean Air Task Force, E3G, Environmental Defense
Fund, Green Alliance, Natural Resources Defense
Council, The Bellona Foundation, The Climate
Institute, The Pembina Institute, World Resources
Institute and Zero Emission Resource Organisation
• A coordinator based in Texas
• Informal network

3. Background
• ENGOs coming together around
the safe and effective
deployment of CCS as a timely
mitigation tool for combating
climate change.
• To have a common voice
• A tool for cooperation and
sharing knowledge

4. The networks' goals
• Ensure that CCS is performed and
regulated safely, in a manner that
protects our climate, human health and
the environment.
• Pursue domestic and international
policies, regulations and initiatives that
enable CCS to deliver on its emissions
reduction potential.
• Disseminate scientifically sound and
objective information on CCS technology.

5. • ​Work toward common positions and responses
to international developments in the CCS arena.
• Work to phase out the construction of new
unabated, conventional coal-fired power stations
as soon as possible, with CCS playing a part of the
solution.
• In developed countries, no new, conventional
coal-fired generation should be constructed
without CCS.
• Work to incorporate CCS in other types of fossil-
fired power generation, industrial sectors, and in
combination with sustainable biomass.

6. The ENGO Network paper
«Perspectives on CCS»
• To broaden the discussion of
CCS as a complement to the key
strategies of energy efficiency
and renewable resources in
combating climate change
• Made to present at COP18
• Written by members of The
ENGO Network on CCS

7. • Describes the status of CCS in
our respective countries and
regions
• A call to action for increased
international, governmental
support.
• Gives recommendations for
policy framework globally and in
each country

8. What seem to make CCS
work
• Economic viability
• Securing permits and approvals
• Testing applicability of existing
legislation and regulations
• Gaining trust and support of
local communities, government
and NGOs
• Taking that leap of faith

9. Policy needs for CCS
• Limits on carbon emissions and an
associated price on carbon
• Overcome the initial high-cost
hurdle for projects
• Regulations mandating or
providing a pathway for CCS
deployment
• Regulations for ensuring
environmental protection and
managing the risks associated with
CCS

10. EU
recommendations/needs
• Show that CCS can clearly form part of a
low-carbon future. Especially the case
for the use of CCS on industrial sources
of CO2 emissions or on gas-fired power
plants.
• Such an approach would also appeal to
politicians who are concerned by the
impact of the economic crisis and the risk
of carbon leakage and job losses.
• A positive motivation for CCS is sorely
needed to counteract the (often
erroneously) negative perceptions of CCS
to date.

11. • Increase the carbon price to
demonstrate that it can be an
effective means of reducing
emissions and shaping longtime
investment decisions
• Strengthen the Emission Trading
Scheme (ETS)
• Solve the issue around the (even
on short term) continued use of
coal and CCS as part of that

12. • Finalize and fasten the
processes of the CO2 storage
directive, the 6 European
Economic Recovery Plan
projects, and the New Entrants
Reserve of the ETS (NER300)
funding.
• Sharing knowledge: a good
example is the EU CCS Network

13. Germany
recommendations/needs
• A better CCS law that allows for
testing and demos of the whole
CCS chain
• An educated debate: The
public/NGO/citizen groups need
scientifically accurate
information and proof (demos)
that CCS can be safe, effective
and environmentally friendly

14. • The info and messaging coming
from trusted actors that carry
objectivity and credibility
• More focus on CCS on industrial
applications
(concrete, cement, steel..)
• Investigate the pipeline
infrastructure possibilities: off
shore storage

15. Norway
recommendations/needs
• Continued and extended use of
the policy of obligatory CCS in
permits for building any new
gas-fired power
• Establishing an infrastructure for
transport and storage
• A new political and financial
framework for CCS:

16. • The offshore CO2 tax should be
increased and used for a fund
dedicated to climate change
technical solutions, like CCS

17. USA
recommendations/needs
• a federal tax incentive for EOR-CCS
intended to drive CCS deployment
at large-scale
• CCS must be deployed on all fossil
power generation units
• the Clean Air Act are providing an
opportunity to address emissions
reduction from the power
sector, and a potential driver for
CCS deployment

18. Canada
recommendations/needs
• Adopt higher price on carbon
and/or mandate CCS on new
facilities.
• Adopt strong, protective
standards throughout Canada
regulating sequestration
facilities.

19. Growing economies
recommendations/needs
• Use UNFCCC to agree on mechanism
to provide:
• financial aid for CCS projects
• Tech transfer
• Support for mapping of storage
formations
• Market mechanisms to support CCS
• Capacity building for safe and effective
regulation.
• MEF: Strengthen Technology Action
Plan

20. CCS large scale projects
globally
In total, 8 large-scale CCS projects
operating worldwide storing
23 million tonnes of CO2 every year
• Sleipner
• Snøhvit
• Great Plains (US)/ Weyburn-
Midale (Canada)
• In Salah CO2 Injection (Algeria)

21. • ​Enid Fertiliser CO2-EOR
Project (US)
• Val Verde Gas Plants (US)
• Shute Creek Gas
Processing (US)
• Century Plant Gas
Processing (US)

22. Other significant CCS
projects
• Boundary Dam 3, Canada
• Texas Clean Energy Project, US
• Plant Barry Demo, US
• Callide Oxyfuel, Australia
• ROAD Demo, The Netherlands
• Air Products Port Arthur, US
• Illinois CCS Project, US

23. • Quest project, Canada
• Gorgon LNG
project, Australia
• Alberta Carbon Trunk
Line, Canada
• Kemper County IGCC, US

24. Why so few in Europe?
• Financial models too dependent
on EU/states/carbon price
• Low price on carbon
• The financial crisis
• Public distrust and opposition
• Info often given by «wrong»
messenger
• An overall distrust in fossil energy

25. Thanks!
www.zeroco2.no
camilla@zero.no