The document discusses glaucoma, an eye disorder that damages the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss, detailing its types and screening tests. It emphasizes the importance of optical cup and disc for detecting glaucoma through segmentation techniques using MATLAB, including image acquisition and processing. The conclusion highlights the use of cup-to-disc ratio calculations for diagnosing glaucoma.

1. Glaucoma Screening Test by
Segmentation of Optical Disc &
Cup Using MATLAB
Showcased by: Hussain S

2. AGENDA
1.What is Glaucoma & it’s
screening test?
2.What is meant by Optical
disc and Cup?
3.Why segmentation is
necessary?
4.Architectural Design of
System
5.Conclusion

3. What is meant by
Glaucoma?
• Glaucoma is a general term used to
describe a group of eye disorders
that damage your optic nerve.
• It’s the most common form of optic
nerve damage leading to vision loss.
• The name of this pressure is
intraocular pressure (IOP), or eye
pressure.

4. 4
Types of
Glaucoma

5. What is meant by Optical
Cup & Disc?
• Optic cup is the bright central part of the
optic disc and which is an essential
parameter for detecting glaucoma.
• Compared to the optic disc, the optic cup
is smaller in size.
• Glaucoma usually presents as optic disc
cupping without pallor.
• This can help differentiate glaucoma
from other ophthalmic pathologies that
can change the color of the optic nerve.
• A normal optic disc has a pink-orange
appearance with a pale center where the
optic cup is.

6. Glaucoma Screening Test
• Glaucoma tests can determine
whether the optic nerve is
damaged, which may cause
vision problems.
• An ophthalmologist may
recommend a combination of
quick, painless procedures.
• Tests include angle test, corneal
thickness test, dilated eye exam,
eye pressure check, optic nerve
imaging and visual field testing.
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7. 7

8. 8
Image
Acquisition
Image
Preprocessing
Optic Disc using disc
Photography (DP) and
Optical Coherence
Tomography(OCT).
K-means/Gabor
Filter/ONH &
RNHL
Segmentation.
Morphological
Features:
1)Erode,
2)Dilate.
Optic Cup
Segmentation :
Using
Binarization.
Cup-to-Disc
ratio(CDR
Calculation)
Glaucoma
Diagnosis.
Architectural
Design of
System.

9. Architectural Design of System:
o Image Acquisition: It can be broadly defined as action of retrieving from source.
o Image Preprocessing: It mainly focuses on noise remioval process .Such as image filteration,
color contrast enhancement.
o Optic Disc Segmentation: Using Disc Tomography (DT) and Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)
o K-means Clustering: It is unsupervised clustering algorithm input data points into multiple class,
inherent distance.
o Gabour Filter: Used to accurate the image boundary.
o ONH and RNFL segmentation:Dividing and analyzing specific layers or regions of the optic nerve
head (ONH) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL).
o Morphological Features: For description of shape of Object/ Regions. There are two operations
performed, Erosion and Dilation.
o Optic Cup Segmentation: Using Binarization.
o Cup-to-Disc ratio(CDR Calculation): If CDR value grater than threshold, then it is glaucomatous,
otherwise Healthy eye.
o Glaucoma Diagnosis: Through Medical Image acquisition, we can detect the Glaucoma of the
human eye.
9

10. 10
Conclusion
From Glaucoma,screening test of
Optic Disc and Cup using Image
processing technique (MATLAB) for
diagnosis is done.
Through Cup-to-disc calculation/ratio
(CDR): Distance of optic cup is
measured, from which types of
glaucoma can be detected (as given
in image) and accordingly further
diagnosis is done.

11. Thank
you