This document describes a hand gesture recognition system that uses both infrared sensors and a camera. It begins with an abstract that overviews the system. It then provides background on hand gesture recognition and discusses prior work using infrared sensors and cameras. The proposed system is described as using differential pyroelectric infrared sensors to first detect motion, and then a camera to determine if the motion is from a hand. If so, the infrared sensor signals are analyzed to classify the hand gesture. It discusses operating principles of the infrared sensors and sensor signal processing methods. Feature extraction using wavelet transforms and classification using a winner-take-all hashing method are described. The document concludes by covering hand detection using video analysis and skin detection methods.
This document describes a prisoner surveillance system that uses various sensors to monitor inmates' health, location, and behavior. The system aims to improve oversight of prisons and ensure inmates' safety and rights are upheld. Sensors like heart rate, temperature, and alcohol monitors check inmates' health and detect drug/alcohol use. An accelerometer identifies sudden movements that could indicate attacks. Location is tracked using GPS. Data from the sensors is transmitted via WiFi to officers for real-time monitoring. The system seeks to strengthen accountability in prisons and prevent issues like abuse, unnecessary detention, or unhygienic conditions.
LPC2138 Based Temperature Compensated Ultrasonic Ranging For Blind Personpaperpublications3
Abstract: This paper is intended to provide a theoretical model of object detection and real time assistance via Global Positioning System (GPS).This paper aims at the development of an Electronic Travelling Aid (ETA) kit to help the blind people to find obstacle free path. This ETA is fixed to the stick of the blind people. When the object is detected near to the blinds’ stick it alerts them with the help of vibratory circuit. Ultrasonic sensors are used to evaluate distance of the objects around the blind person to guide the user towards the secure and available path. Output is in the form of vibrations which the blind person can easily recognize. The hardware of entire system contains ARM7 (LPC2138), temperature sensor, ultrasonic sensors and mobile vibrator, Global positioning system (GPS) module and Global System for Mobile (GSM) module. It contains temperature compensation method to reduce the error in measurement of distance using ultrasonic sensors.
IRJET-Protection for Women using IoT Smart Device with Location and ParametersIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to provide protection for women using IoT devices. The system uses various sensors to monitor a woman's vital signs and movement, including pulse rate, temperature, sound, flexibility, and acceleration. If the sensed data exceeds predefined thresholds, the system will sound an alarm. It will also send an alert message and the victim's parameters to nearby IoT devices via WiFi. The location of the victim is tracked using GPS. This allows the alert to be sent to any devices connected to the IoT network, providing more comprehensive protection and assistance than existing systems.
IRJET- A Modern Health Care System using Visible Light Communication Tech...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a modern health care system using visible light communication (VLC) technology to digitally monitor and record patient details in the intensive care unit (ICU). VLC provides benefits over existing wireless technologies like WiFi that use radio frequencies, which can negatively impact medical equipment and patient health. The proposed system would use wearable sensors to continuously monitor patient health metrics and update their records digitally to minimize paperwork. A family member could also view a patient's results and status through their mobile phone. VLC is presented as a suitable wireless alternative for clinical data transmission in health care settings due to its high speed, bandwidth, efficiency and lack of electromagnetic interference or radiation hazards.
Real Time Physiological Status Monitorinig through Telemetry System for on Sp...ijtsrd
In todays era, Internet of Things is playing an important role in health care management systems, which is not only for monitoring but also to communicate, stores and display. The prime aim of this study is to design and implement effective real time healthcare monitoring dashboard for on spot accident patients who is injured and went to unconscious state. The proposed system monitor the ECG, EEG, EMG waveforms, Temperature, heart beats etc, and transmit those vital parameters wirelessly through wifi technology. The transmitted patients data is displayed in the PC based application called the central nurse station where PC with the receive wifi acts as hub. This data gets updated into database continuously. From the database of the android application fetches all the updated data, stores and displays it. This enables the doctor to receive the current status of an accident patient in real time. The parameters of a particular patient go beyond a threshold value an automated notification will pop up in doctor android mobile application. This android application can also generate call option if the doctor will not notifynotification messages. Additionally system is also able to generate alarm to notify nurse around for emergency treatment and by using GSM module the patient datas can also be send to the authorized person i.e friends, relatives etc. Ultimate goal of this project is to implement a low cost, high efficient and effective wireless real time system for health monitoring through telemetry system. S. Rabia Jebin | N. Mohamedbeemubeen ""Real Time Physiological Status Monitorinig through Telemetry System for on-Spot-Accident Patients using IoT"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23470.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/bio-mechanicaland-biomedical-engineering/23470/real-time-physiological-status-monitorinig-through-telemetry-system-for-on-spot-accident-patients-using-iot/s-rabia-jebin
IRJET - Design and Implementation of IoT based Smart Health Care Monitoring S...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of an IoT-based smart health care monitoring system. The system measures physiological parameters like heart rate and temperature using sensors connected to an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The sensor data is displayed on an LCD screen and can also be viewed over WiFi on a mobile phone or computer by doctors and relatives. The system aims to allow remote patient monitoring so that people can receive healthcare without having to physically visit hospitals or clinics. It works by collecting vital sign data with sensors, processing it with Arduino, and transmitting it wirelessly via an ESP8266 WiFi module to apps and devices.
IRJET - A Novel Health Monitoring System for Trance PatientsIRJET Journal
This document describes a novel health monitoring system for coma patients. The system monitors several vital health parameters of coma patients such as temperature, heart rate, body movement, eye movement, and blood oxygen saturation using various sensors. If any abnormalities are detected in the patient's readings, the data will be sent via GSM to doctors and relatives. Additionally, the system uses Wi-Fi and an IoT platform called Thingspeak to allow online monitoring of coma patients' conditions via mobile phones. This remote monitoring system reduces the need for continuous clinical staff presence at the patient's bedside.
This document describes a prisoner surveillance system that uses various sensors to monitor inmates' health, location, and behavior. The system aims to improve oversight of prisons and ensure inmates' safety and rights are upheld. Sensors like heart rate, temperature, and alcohol monitors check inmates' health and detect drug/alcohol use. An accelerometer identifies sudden movements that could indicate attacks. Location is tracked using GPS. Data from the sensors is transmitted via WiFi to officers for real-time monitoring. The system seeks to strengthen accountability in prisons and prevent issues like abuse, unnecessary detention, or unhygienic conditions.
LPC2138 Based Temperature Compensated Ultrasonic Ranging For Blind Personpaperpublications3
Abstract: This paper is intended to provide a theoretical model of object detection and real time assistance via Global Positioning System (GPS).This paper aims at the development of an Electronic Travelling Aid (ETA) kit to help the blind people to find obstacle free path. This ETA is fixed to the stick of the blind people. When the object is detected near to the blinds’ stick it alerts them with the help of vibratory circuit. Ultrasonic sensors are used to evaluate distance of the objects around the blind person to guide the user towards the secure and available path. Output is in the form of vibrations which the blind person can easily recognize. The hardware of entire system contains ARM7 (LPC2138), temperature sensor, ultrasonic sensors and mobile vibrator, Global positioning system (GPS) module and Global System for Mobile (GSM) module. It contains temperature compensation method to reduce the error in measurement of distance using ultrasonic sensors.
IRJET-Protection for Women using IoT Smart Device with Location and ParametersIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to provide protection for women using IoT devices. The system uses various sensors to monitor a woman's vital signs and movement, including pulse rate, temperature, sound, flexibility, and acceleration. If the sensed data exceeds predefined thresholds, the system will sound an alarm. It will also send an alert message and the victim's parameters to nearby IoT devices via WiFi. The location of the victim is tracked using GPS. This allows the alert to be sent to any devices connected to the IoT network, providing more comprehensive protection and assistance than existing systems.
IRJET- A Modern Health Care System using Visible Light Communication Tech...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a modern health care system using visible light communication (VLC) technology to digitally monitor and record patient details in the intensive care unit (ICU). VLC provides benefits over existing wireless technologies like WiFi that use radio frequencies, which can negatively impact medical equipment and patient health. The proposed system would use wearable sensors to continuously monitor patient health metrics and update their records digitally to minimize paperwork. A family member could also view a patient's results and status through their mobile phone. VLC is presented as a suitable wireless alternative for clinical data transmission in health care settings due to its high speed, bandwidth, efficiency and lack of electromagnetic interference or radiation hazards.
Real Time Physiological Status Monitorinig through Telemetry System for on Sp...ijtsrd
In todays era, Internet of Things is playing an important role in health care management systems, which is not only for monitoring but also to communicate, stores and display. The prime aim of this study is to design and implement effective real time healthcare monitoring dashboard for on spot accident patients who is injured and went to unconscious state. The proposed system monitor the ECG, EEG, EMG waveforms, Temperature, heart beats etc, and transmit those vital parameters wirelessly through wifi technology. The transmitted patients data is displayed in the PC based application called the central nurse station where PC with the receive wifi acts as hub. This data gets updated into database continuously. From the database of the android application fetches all the updated data, stores and displays it. This enables the doctor to receive the current status of an accident patient in real time. The parameters of a particular patient go beyond a threshold value an automated notification will pop up in doctor android mobile application. This android application can also generate call option if the doctor will not notifynotification messages. Additionally system is also able to generate alarm to notify nurse around for emergency treatment and by using GSM module the patient datas can also be send to the authorized person i.e friends, relatives etc. Ultimate goal of this project is to implement a low cost, high efficient and effective wireless real time system for health monitoring through telemetry system. S. Rabia Jebin | N. Mohamedbeemubeen ""Real Time Physiological Status Monitorinig through Telemetry System for on-Spot-Accident Patients using IoT"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23470.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/bio-mechanicaland-biomedical-engineering/23470/real-time-physiological-status-monitorinig-through-telemetry-system-for-on-spot-accident-patients-using-iot/s-rabia-jebin
IRJET - Design and Implementation of IoT based Smart Health Care Monitoring S...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of an IoT-based smart health care monitoring system. The system measures physiological parameters like heart rate and temperature using sensors connected to an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The sensor data is displayed on an LCD screen and can also be viewed over WiFi on a mobile phone or computer by doctors and relatives. The system aims to allow remote patient monitoring so that people can receive healthcare without having to physically visit hospitals or clinics. It works by collecting vital sign data with sensors, processing it with Arduino, and transmitting it wirelessly via an ESP8266 WiFi module to apps and devices.
IRJET - A Novel Health Monitoring System for Trance PatientsIRJET Journal
This document describes a novel health monitoring system for coma patients. The system monitors several vital health parameters of coma patients such as temperature, heart rate, body movement, eye movement, and blood oxygen saturation using various sensors. If any abnormalities are detected in the patient's readings, the data will be sent via GSM to doctors and relatives. Additionally, the system uses Wi-Fi and an IoT platform called Thingspeak to allow online monitoring of coma patients' conditions via mobile phones. This remote monitoring system reduces the need for continuous clinical staff presence at the patient's bedside.
This document proposes a system to detect pre-cardiac arrest using sensors to monitor vital signs like heart rate, blood pressure, and sweat levels. The sensors transmit data via infrared communication to avoid interference, with a unique identification code assigned to each patient to prevent miscommunication between nearby patients. If abnormal vital signs are detected, an alert will be sent via SMS to caretakers, ambulance services, and the hospital. The system aims to enable timely treatment for cardiac emergencies through low-power, secure monitoring and communication.
iaetsd Health monitoring system with wireless alarmIaetsd Iaetsd
The document describes a health monitoring system with wireless alarm that detects a patient's heart rate and temperature. It consists of a sensor unit worn on the wrist that monitors vital signs and transmits data wirelessly to an alarm and display unit. This allows caregivers to be alerted quickly if a patient's condition changes, such as if their heart rate is too high or low. The system uses a microcontroller to process sensor readings from a pulse oximetry sensor and transmit data via RF to the receiving unit, which contains another microcontroller connected to an RF receiver and buzzer alarm. If an abnormal heart rate is detected, the system triggers an alarm to notify caregivers.
Survey of a Symptoms Monitoring System for Covid-19vivatechijri
The Internet of Things (IOT) depicts the organization of actual items that are implanted with sensors, programming, and different advances for the point of interfacing and trading information with different gadgets and frameworks over the web . In this day and age, there are numerous IOT based, these IOT based gadgets and machines range from wearable like brilliant watches to RFID stock following chips. IOT associated gadgets convey by means of organizations or cloud-based stages associated with the snare of Things. Among the applications that Internet of Things (IOT) encouraged to the planet , Healthcare applications are generally imperative . There are numerous wellbeing checking gadgets accessible. These framework comprises two sensors that is Heartbeat and blood heat sensor and furthermore contains Arduino UNO. This versatile gadget will screen heartbeat and blood heat utilizing sensors. The framework utilizes Arduino board which is associated with heart beat sensor and temperature sensor. The framework will take contribution from the guts beat and blood heat sensors and can send the data to Arduino. The Arduino will send the information of two sensors to LCD alphanumeric presentation . This presentation will show the perusing of the heartbeat sensor and blood heat sensor in BPM (Beats Per Minute) and in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
IRJET - IoT based Health Monitoring System and TelemedicineIRJET Journal
This document describes an IoT-based health monitoring system and telemedicine. The system uses wearable sensors to monitor patient vital signs like temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate. The sensor data is sent wirelessly via WiFi module and stored in the cloud. Doctors can access this data to monitor patients remotely. An alert is triggered if a critical condition is detected, sending an SMS via GSM to doctors or relatives. The system uses RSA encryption to securely transmit the sensitive health data over the internet.
Implementation Of Real Time IoT Based Health monitoring systemkchakrireddy
The main aim of this project is to interconnect the available medical resources and offer smart, reliable, and effective healthcare service to elderly people. Health monitoring for active and assisted living is one of the paradigms that can use the IOT advantages to improve the elderly lifestyle in this project we present an IOT architecture customized for healthcare applications. The proposed architecture collects the data and relays it to the cloud where it is processed and analyzed. Feedback actions based on the analyzed data can be sent back to the user.
IRJET - Patient Health Monitoring System using IoTIRJET Journal
This document describes a patient health monitoring system using IoT (Internet of Things) technology. The proposed system monitors key health parameters like temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure of patients remotely using sensors. It displays the readings on an LCD screen and also sends the data to a doctor's mobile phone via SMS. This allows doctors to monitor patients who are hospitalized or at home. If a patient's readings cross a critical threshold, an alert is immediately sent to hospitals to provide timely emergency care. The system aims to save lives by enabling real-time health monitoring and early detection of issues. It uses sensors connected to an Arduino board that transmits data via a GSM module to the cloud for remote access through websites or mobile
This document discusses health monitoring using mobile phones. It provides an overview of existing works on mobile health monitoring systems, comparing their characteristics such as the types of vital signs measured, communication approaches, and trial implementations. Some key issues with existing systems are also addressed, such as usability for older patients and handling private health data. The document concludes that mobile health monitoring has significant potential to improve healthcare, but further work is needed to develop more inclusive and robust systems.
IoT Based Patient Health Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes an IoT-based patient health monitoring system developed by four students. The system uses sensors to monitor a patient's heartbeat and temperature wirelessly and send alerts in critical conditions over the internet. It was created for home use by non-critical patients to allow doctors and family to remotely monitor them. If any abnormal readings are detected, an SMS is sent to notify the doctor or family members so they can provide quick assistance, which could help save lives. The system collects data from biomedical sensors using a microcontroller and transmits it via a Wi-Fi module.
The document discusses various sensors used in robotics including light dependent resistors (LDRs), light emitting diodes (LEDs), thermistors, infrared (IR) photo diodes, and shaft encoders. It provides examples of using an LDR-LED combination to sense light and a bump detector module. The document also describes a line follower robot that uses an array of optical sensors to track a line, with the robot steering to keep itself centered over the line.
IRJET- IoT based Patient Health Monitoring System using Raspberry Pi-3IRJET Journal
This document describes an IoT-based patient health monitoring system using a Raspberry Pi 3. The system monitors a patient's temperature, humidity, and pulse rate using sensors and sends the real-time information over the internet. It can alert doctors and caregivers if any of the vital signs are outside normal ranges to help address critical health situations quickly. The system uses a Raspberry Pi 3 microcontroller connected to a temperature and humidity sensor, pulse rate sensor, piezo buzzer, and HDMI display. It sends the sensor data to an Adafruit webpage via WiFi so the patient's health status can be monitored remotely from any internet-connected device.
Design and Implementation of Real Time Remote Supervisory SystemIJERA Editor
In today’s fast growing communication environment and rapid exchange of data in networking field has triggered us to develop a home based remote supervisory monitoring system. In the present paper the physiological parameters of the patient such as body temperature, ECG, Pulse rate and Oxygen Saturation is displayed in MATLAB graphical user interface which is processed using ARM7 LPC2138. In case any emergency persist and parameters goes abnormal over the optimum level then a buzzer will ring to alert the caretaker. And the vital parameters will be displayed on the patient side computer and an automatic SMS will be sent to the doctor using GSM interface.
IRJET - An Efficient Approach for Monitoring the Patient’s Condition usin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system that uses augmented reality and sensors to monitor patient conditions in a hospital. Sensors attached to patients measure body parameters like temperature, heartbeat, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and activity levels. A PIC microcontroller collects the sensor data and sends it wirelessly via ZigBee protocol to an augmented reality glass worn by doctors. This allows doctors to view real-time patient data directly through the glasses to monitor for any abnormal conditions and take appropriate action to treat patients. The system aims to enhance the operating environment for doctors and help them more efficiently access latest patient information and diagnostics.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Patient’s Health Parameters Monitoring through IoTIRJET Journal
The document proposes a system to monitor patients' basic health parameters like temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure using sensors connected to a Raspberry Pi that transmits the data to the cloud, allowing doctors to monitor patients remotely; the system is meant to allow patients to avoid prolonged hospital stays and reduce costs. If a patient's readings exceed thresholds, an alarm will notify caregivers of an emergency.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a multitasking stick to assist visually impaired people in navigating safely. The stick uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles, a temperature sensor to detect high heat areas, electrodes to detect water, and a voice playback module to notify the user of detections. It also includes an RF module to help locate the stick if misplaced. The stick was tested indoors and outdoors and performed accurately in detecting obstacles of different materials at varying distances, demonstrating its effectiveness as an assistive device for the blind.
Wireless System for Monitoring Human Health using GSMIRJET Journal
This document describes a wireless system to remotely monitor a patient's health using sensors to measure body temperature, heart rate, and pulse rate. The sensors transmit data to a microcontroller which analyzes the readings and can send an alert via SMS if levels are abnormal. The system aims to provide flexible monitoring to support medical services while being low-cost. It allows doctors to remotely monitor patients from any location using a computer or mobile phone. The system is intended to help with patient care in hospitals without restricting their movement.
This document describes the design of a community family health care monitoring system in Wolkite, Ethiopia using wireless and information communication technologies. The system allows elderly residents to monitor their health at home by transmitting data like temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate from sensors to a community medical center. The system architecture has a patient section where sensors collect health data and transmit it via Zigbee technology to a control room section where the data is stored and can be sent via GSM to medical staff if needed. The system aims to improve efficiency of healthcare for an aging population while reducing costs compared to on-site medical exams.
Instant elelectrocardiogram monitoring in android smart phonesIjrdt Journal
ECG (electrocardiogram) is very essential component for the doctors to diagnose the state of patient’s cardiovascular system. In critical situations doctors may need to examine ECG of patient instantly to take a firm and better decision in their absence near patient. In this paper a better way of instant ECG datatransfer, processing and display is demonstrated. Here ECG is acquired using simple 3 electrode single lead configuration then it is digitized and transmitted to Android smart phone in SMS message format. This SMS data is a bundle of values representing digital ECG. Acquired SMS data is fetched from inbox of the phone and processed for calculation of heart rate and detection of arrhythmia by Android application software. Then ECG is displayed on phone screen along with conclusion of heart rate and arrhythmia (if any).
IOT based Patient Health Monitoring System using Raspberry pi 3IRJET Journal
This document describes an IOT-based patient health monitoring system using a Raspberry Pi 3. The system monitors a patient's temperature and heartbeat in real-time using sensors. The sensor data is sent to the Raspberry Pi 3 and displayed locally. It is also sent over the internet to a web server where doctors and caregivers can access it from anywhere. If vital signs go outside normal ranges, an alert is sent and a buzzer sounds to notify caregivers. This allows for continuous remote patient monitoring to improve health outcomes.
IRJET= Air Writing: Gesture Recognition using Ultrasound Sensors and Grid-Eye...IRJET Journal
This document presents a method for recognizing gestures using ultrasound sensors and infrared array sensors. Two ultrasound sensor pairs are used to capture hand motion in vertical and horizontal directions. An infrared Grid-Eye sensor is used to trigger the ultrasound sensors when a hand gesture is detected. The sensors capture data on the distance and movement of the hand. This data is preprocessed and extracted into features representing the average and count of upward and downward motions. An artificial neural network with two hidden layers is trained on these features to classify gestures for two letters, achieving an accuracy of 83%. The proposed method aims to provide a contactless gesture recognition system without some of the disadvantages of vision-based techniques.
VARIOUS SENSOR USED IN ROBOTICS WITH APPLICATIONS | J4RV3I12003Journal For Research
This paper gives brief introduction about various sensors used in robotics and their applications. A sensor is a device that detects the changes in electrical or physical or other quantities and thereby produces an output and whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information to other electronic devices. Robotic sensors are used to estimate robots condition and environment. Sensors in robots are based on the functions of human sensory organs. Sensors used in robots provide intelligence to the robot and improve their performance.
This document proposes a system to detect pre-cardiac arrest using sensors to monitor vital signs like heart rate, blood pressure, and sweat levels. The sensors transmit data via infrared communication to avoid interference, with a unique identification code assigned to each patient to prevent miscommunication between nearby patients. If abnormal vital signs are detected, an alert will be sent via SMS to caretakers, ambulance services, and the hospital. The system aims to enable timely treatment for cardiac emergencies through low-power, secure monitoring and communication.
iaetsd Health monitoring system with wireless alarmIaetsd Iaetsd
The document describes a health monitoring system with wireless alarm that detects a patient's heart rate and temperature. It consists of a sensor unit worn on the wrist that monitors vital signs and transmits data wirelessly to an alarm and display unit. This allows caregivers to be alerted quickly if a patient's condition changes, such as if their heart rate is too high or low. The system uses a microcontroller to process sensor readings from a pulse oximetry sensor and transmit data via RF to the receiving unit, which contains another microcontroller connected to an RF receiver and buzzer alarm. If an abnormal heart rate is detected, the system triggers an alarm to notify caregivers.
Survey of a Symptoms Monitoring System for Covid-19vivatechijri
The Internet of Things (IOT) depicts the organization of actual items that are implanted with sensors, programming, and different advances for the point of interfacing and trading information with different gadgets and frameworks over the web . In this day and age, there are numerous IOT based, these IOT based gadgets and machines range from wearable like brilliant watches to RFID stock following chips. IOT associated gadgets convey by means of organizations or cloud-based stages associated with the snare of Things. Among the applications that Internet of Things (IOT) encouraged to the planet , Healthcare applications are generally imperative . There are numerous wellbeing checking gadgets accessible. These framework comprises two sensors that is Heartbeat and blood heat sensor and furthermore contains Arduino UNO. This versatile gadget will screen heartbeat and blood heat utilizing sensors. The framework utilizes Arduino board which is associated with heart beat sensor and temperature sensor. The framework will take contribution from the guts beat and blood heat sensors and can send the data to Arduino. The Arduino will send the information of two sensors to LCD alphanumeric presentation . This presentation will show the perusing of the heartbeat sensor and blood heat sensor in BPM (Beats Per Minute) and in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
IRJET - IoT based Health Monitoring System and TelemedicineIRJET Journal
This document describes an IoT-based health monitoring system and telemedicine. The system uses wearable sensors to monitor patient vital signs like temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate. The sensor data is sent wirelessly via WiFi module and stored in the cloud. Doctors can access this data to monitor patients remotely. An alert is triggered if a critical condition is detected, sending an SMS via GSM to doctors or relatives. The system uses RSA encryption to securely transmit the sensitive health data over the internet.
Implementation Of Real Time IoT Based Health monitoring systemkchakrireddy
The main aim of this project is to interconnect the available medical resources and offer smart, reliable, and effective healthcare service to elderly people. Health monitoring for active and assisted living is one of the paradigms that can use the IOT advantages to improve the elderly lifestyle in this project we present an IOT architecture customized for healthcare applications. The proposed architecture collects the data and relays it to the cloud where it is processed and analyzed. Feedback actions based on the analyzed data can be sent back to the user.
IRJET - Patient Health Monitoring System using IoTIRJET Journal
This document describes a patient health monitoring system using IoT (Internet of Things) technology. The proposed system monitors key health parameters like temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure of patients remotely using sensors. It displays the readings on an LCD screen and also sends the data to a doctor's mobile phone via SMS. This allows doctors to monitor patients who are hospitalized or at home. If a patient's readings cross a critical threshold, an alert is immediately sent to hospitals to provide timely emergency care. The system aims to save lives by enabling real-time health monitoring and early detection of issues. It uses sensors connected to an Arduino board that transmits data via a GSM module to the cloud for remote access through websites or mobile
This document discusses health monitoring using mobile phones. It provides an overview of existing works on mobile health monitoring systems, comparing their characteristics such as the types of vital signs measured, communication approaches, and trial implementations. Some key issues with existing systems are also addressed, such as usability for older patients and handling private health data. The document concludes that mobile health monitoring has significant potential to improve healthcare, but further work is needed to develop more inclusive and robust systems.
IoT Based Patient Health Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes an IoT-based patient health monitoring system developed by four students. The system uses sensors to monitor a patient's heartbeat and temperature wirelessly and send alerts in critical conditions over the internet. It was created for home use by non-critical patients to allow doctors and family to remotely monitor them. If any abnormal readings are detected, an SMS is sent to notify the doctor or family members so they can provide quick assistance, which could help save lives. The system collects data from biomedical sensors using a microcontroller and transmits it via a Wi-Fi module.
The document discusses various sensors used in robotics including light dependent resistors (LDRs), light emitting diodes (LEDs), thermistors, infrared (IR) photo diodes, and shaft encoders. It provides examples of using an LDR-LED combination to sense light and a bump detector module. The document also describes a line follower robot that uses an array of optical sensors to track a line, with the robot steering to keep itself centered over the line.
IRJET- IoT based Patient Health Monitoring System using Raspberry Pi-3IRJET Journal
This document describes an IoT-based patient health monitoring system using a Raspberry Pi 3. The system monitors a patient's temperature, humidity, and pulse rate using sensors and sends the real-time information over the internet. It can alert doctors and caregivers if any of the vital signs are outside normal ranges to help address critical health situations quickly. The system uses a Raspberry Pi 3 microcontroller connected to a temperature and humidity sensor, pulse rate sensor, piezo buzzer, and HDMI display. It sends the sensor data to an Adafruit webpage via WiFi so the patient's health status can be monitored remotely from any internet-connected device.
Design and Implementation of Real Time Remote Supervisory SystemIJERA Editor
In today’s fast growing communication environment and rapid exchange of data in networking field has triggered us to develop a home based remote supervisory monitoring system. In the present paper the physiological parameters of the patient such as body temperature, ECG, Pulse rate and Oxygen Saturation is displayed in MATLAB graphical user interface which is processed using ARM7 LPC2138. In case any emergency persist and parameters goes abnormal over the optimum level then a buzzer will ring to alert the caretaker. And the vital parameters will be displayed on the patient side computer and an automatic SMS will be sent to the doctor using GSM interface.
IRJET - An Efficient Approach for Monitoring the Patient’s Condition usin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system that uses augmented reality and sensors to monitor patient conditions in a hospital. Sensors attached to patients measure body parameters like temperature, heartbeat, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and activity levels. A PIC microcontroller collects the sensor data and sends it wirelessly via ZigBee protocol to an augmented reality glass worn by doctors. This allows doctors to view real-time patient data directly through the glasses to monitor for any abnormal conditions and take appropriate action to treat patients. The system aims to enhance the operating environment for doctors and help them more efficiently access latest patient information and diagnostics.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Patient’s Health Parameters Monitoring through IoTIRJET Journal
The document proposes a system to monitor patients' basic health parameters like temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure using sensors connected to a Raspberry Pi that transmits the data to the cloud, allowing doctors to monitor patients remotely; the system is meant to allow patients to avoid prolonged hospital stays and reduce costs. If a patient's readings exceed thresholds, an alarm will notify caregivers of an emergency.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a multitasking stick to assist visually impaired people in navigating safely. The stick uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles, a temperature sensor to detect high heat areas, electrodes to detect water, and a voice playback module to notify the user of detections. It also includes an RF module to help locate the stick if misplaced. The stick was tested indoors and outdoors and performed accurately in detecting obstacles of different materials at varying distances, demonstrating its effectiveness as an assistive device for the blind.
Wireless System for Monitoring Human Health using GSMIRJET Journal
This document describes a wireless system to remotely monitor a patient's health using sensors to measure body temperature, heart rate, and pulse rate. The sensors transmit data to a microcontroller which analyzes the readings and can send an alert via SMS if levels are abnormal. The system aims to provide flexible monitoring to support medical services while being low-cost. It allows doctors to remotely monitor patients from any location using a computer or mobile phone. The system is intended to help with patient care in hospitals without restricting their movement.
This document describes the design of a community family health care monitoring system in Wolkite, Ethiopia using wireless and information communication technologies. The system allows elderly residents to monitor their health at home by transmitting data like temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate from sensors to a community medical center. The system architecture has a patient section where sensors collect health data and transmit it via Zigbee technology to a control room section where the data is stored and can be sent via GSM to medical staff if needed. The system aims to improve efficiency of healthcare for an aging population while reducing costs compared to on-site medical exams.
Instant elelectrocardiogram monitoring in android smart phonesIjrdt Journal
ECG (electrocardiogram) is very essential component for the doctors to diagnose the state of patient’s cardiovascular system. In critical situations doctors may need to examine ECG of patient instantly to take a firm and better decision in their absence near patient. In this paper a better way of instant ECG datatransfer, processing and display is demonstrated. Here ECG is acquired using simple 3 electrode single lead configuration then it is digitized and transmitted to Android smart phone in SMS message format. This SMS data is a bundle of values representing digital ECG. Acquired SMS data is fetched from inbox of the phone and processed for calculation of heart rate and detection of arrhythmia by Android application software. Then ECG is displayed on phone screen along with conclusion of heart rate and arrhythmia (if any).
IOT based Patient Health Monitoring System using Raspberry pi 3IRJET Journal
This document describes an IOT-based patient health monitoring system using a Raspberry Pi 3. The system monitors a patient's temperature and heartbeat in real-time using sensors. The sensor data is sent to the Raspberry Pi 3 and displayed locally. It is also sent over the internet to a web server where doctors and caregivers can access it from anywhere. If vital signs go outside normal ranges, an alert is sent and a buzzer sounds to notify caregivers. This allows for continuous remote patient monitoring to improve health outcomes.
IRJET= Air Writing: Gesture Recognition using Ultrasound Sensors and Grid-Eye...IRJET Journal
This document presents a method for recognizing gestures using ultrasound sensors and infrared array sensors. Two ultrasound sensor pairs are used to capture hand motion in vertical and horizontal directions. An infrared Grid-Eye sensor is used to trigger the ultrasound sensors when a hand gesture is detected. The sensors capture data on the distance and movement of the hand. This data is preprocessed and extracted into features representing the average and count of upward and downward motions. An artificial neural network with two hidden layers is trained on these features to classify gestures for two letters, achieving an accuracy of 83%. The proposed method aims to provide a contactless gesture recognition system without some of the disadvantages of vision-based techniques.
VARIOUS SENSOR USED IN ROBOTICS WITH APPLICATIONS | J4RV3I12003Journal For Research
This paper gives brief introduction about various sensors used in robotics and their applications. A sensor is a device that detects the changes in electrical or physical or other quantities and thereby produces an output and whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information to other electronic devices. Robotic sensors are used to estimate robots condition and environment. Sensors in robots are based on the functions of human sensory organs. Sensors used in robots provide intelligence to the robot and improve their performance.
A motion detector is a device that contains a motion sensor that detects moving objects and transforms the detection of motion into an electric signal.
The detector is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area. Motion detectors form a vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency, and other useful systems.
IRJET- Motion Based Message Conveyor for Physically Disabled PeopleIRJET Journal
The document describes a motion-based message conveyor system for physically disabled people. The system uses an accelerometer placed on a movable body part of a disabled person. When the person moves their body in a particular direction due to a problem, the accelerometer detects the motion and sends a message like "Some Problem" to a receiver using an Arduino, RF transmitter, and LCD display. The receiver then displays the message and activates a buzzer for help. The system also continuously monitors and displays the person's temperature using a temperature sensor. The goal is to help physically disabled people communicate problems and emergency needs to caretakers through simple motions.
IRJET- IoT Based Home Automation And Health Monitoring System for Physically ...IRJET Journal
This document proposes an IoT-based home automation and health monitoring system for physically challenged individuals using gesture recognition. The system uses MEMS sensors to detect hand gestures which are then used to control home appliances like fans and lights. It also includes health monitoring sensors to monitor the user's heartbeat and detect falls using a vibration sensor. If any abnormal health readings are detected, an SMS alert will be sent using GCM cloud messaging. The system is intended to make daily tasks easier for disabled users and provide remote health monitoring assistance when caregivers are not present.
A Healthcare Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Network With GSMIRJET Journal
This document describes a healthcare monitoring system using a wireless sensor network with GSM. The system monitors physiological parameters like blood pressure, ECG, temperature, and respiration of patients. Sensors attached to a patient's body collect these signals and send them wirelessly to a base station. The base station then sends the data to a backend server where it is stored, analyzed, and displayed. The system can detect abnormalities in a patient's readings and send SMS or email alerts to doctors. The wireless sensor network improves the quality of remote healthcare monitoring by allowing continuous monitoring of patients anywhere.
IRJET- PC Controlled Wireless Robot for Detecting Human PresenceIRJET Journal
This document describes a PC-controlled wireless robot designed to detect human presence. The robot uses Arduino, sensors including PIR, ultrasonic, and temperature, and wireless communication via XBee modules. It is intended to help with search and rescue operations in disaster areas by autonomously detecting survivors and reporting their locations. The robot was constructed, sensors were integrated and tested, and wireless control from a PC was implemented to allow remote monitoring and direction of the robot. The robot provides a solution for timely detection of survivors in dangerous areas that would be risky for humans to enter.
IRJET- Heart Attack Detection by Heartbeat Sensing using Internet of thin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system for detecting heart attacks using sensors to monitor heartbeat and other vital signs connected over the Internet of Things (IoT). The system uses sensors attached to a patient to monitor their heartbeat, temperature, and blood pressure. If any readings go above or below thresholds set by a doctor, an alert is sent over WiFi to a central monitoring station. This allows one person to monitor multiple patients from a single location. The system aims to help detect heart problems early and reduce deaths from heart attacks. It uses microcontrollers to collect sensor data and transmit over WiFi while displaying current readings on an LCD screen. This portable system could allow people to monitor their health from home and help improve medical access.
Real time Health Monitoring using the Embedded Sensors of Mobile PhoneIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a real-time health monitoring system using the embedded sensors in mobile phones. The system collects health data like step counts, falls, location, vital signs through sensors. It stores the data in a database and displays trends graphs. It also transmits data to a cloud server for access by medical professionals. The document describes various sensors in mobile phones that can be used for health monitoring like accelerometers, gyroscopes, GPS. It provides algorithms for step counting and fall detection using sensor data. Results show the system could accurately count steps and detect falls. Trend graphs from a mobile app demonstrate how the health data is visualized.
The epidemic growth of wireless technology and mobile services in this epoch is creating a great impact on our life style. Some early efforts have been taken to utilize these technologies in medical industry. In this field, ECG sensor based advanced wireless patient monitoring system concept is a new innovative idea. This system aims to provide health care to the patient. We have sensed the patient’s ECG through 3 lead electrode system via AD8232 which amplifies minor and small bio-signals to the arduino which processes them, along with saline level. Saline level is detected through IR sensors. The output of the electrical pulse is shown with the serial monitor. The saline level is indicated by LCD. The major output ECG analog signal is displayed on serial plotter. The outputs are displayed through mobile application.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Smartphone based wearable sensors for cyborgs using neural network engineDayana Benny
This document summarizes a research paper on developing a health monitoring system using wearable sensors and a neural network engine. The system collects sensor data from electronic skin modules placed on a patient's body. A smartphone application processes the sensor data using location information and sends it to a cloud-based neural network engine. The neural network engine fuses data from multiple sensors to determine if the patient's condition is normal or dangerous. If abnormal, an alert is sent from the cloud to the smartphone to notify medical professionals. The paper outlines the system architecture and compares it to other health monitoring and electronic skin approaches.
Smartphone based wearable sensors for cyborgs using neural network enginedayanabenny
Now we can imagine a situation where human beings wear electronic skin as touch sensors for health monitoring system. There is a recent advancement in developing a system that uses wireless sensors placed on body and collected sensor information are dealt with smart phone applications. This application uses cloud computing, location data and a neural network engine to determine the current state of a patient is dangerous or not. Electronic skin modules mount spatially on human beings. The neural network engine fuses the information from multiple sensors.
The three documents discuss sensor technologies and applications. The first discusses using graphene for chemical, electrochemical, magnetic, electric, optical, mass and strain sensors due to its remarkable electronic and mechanical properties. The second describes tactile sensors using fiber Bragg grating and microbending optical fiber sensors to detect external forces. The third proposes extending the Low Level Reader Protocol finite state machine to model RFID systems and identify potential failures for testing and diagnosis.
IRJET - A Novel Technology for Shooting SportsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a novel technology for shooting sports that uses sensors to analyze errors in a shooter's form and technique. The system uses an Arduino Nano, gyro sensor, sharp sensor, heartbeat sensor, temperature sensor and muscle sensors to track deviations in the shooter's posture, movement, stress on the gun, and other biometrics. The data is analyzed by coaches and the shooter to identify mistakes and customize training sessions. The goal is to help shooters improve their skills and performance through objective tracking and analysis of even minor form errors that might otherwise go unnoticed.
IRJET- Heart Rate Monitoring System using Finger Tip through IOTIRJET Journal
This document describes a heart rate monitoring system that measures heart rate through the fingertip using a pulse sensor and displays the results on an LCD screen and online using WiFi. The system works by using a photoplethysmography sensor to detect changes in blood volume in the fingertip with each heartbeat. The heartbeat signal is amplified and sent to an Arduino board, which processes the data and displays the heart rate in beats per minute on the LCD. The WiFi module then transmits the data to a local server webpage and online server to view the results remotely over a network. The system provides a low-cost way to continuously monitor heart rate for healthcare applications.
Health Monitoring System of Elderly using Wireless Sensor NetworkIjcatr04031005Editor IJCATR
Wireless-sensor-network-based home monitoring system for elderly activity behaviour involves functional assessment of daily activities. In this paper, we report a mechanism for estimation of elderly well-being condition based on usage of house-hold appliances connected through various sensing units. We define a two new wellness functions to determine the status of the elderly on performing essential daily activities. The modernized system for monitoring and evaluating the essential daily activities was tested at homes for four different elderly persons living alone and the results are encouraging in determining wellness of the elderly.
IRJET- Bemythirdeye- A Smart Electronic Blind Stick with GogglesIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart electronic blind stick designed to help visually impaired people navigate independently and safely. The stick uses various sensors like ultrasonic sensors, IR sensors, and a PIR motion sensor to detect obstacles, motion, and staircases. It alerts the user with a buzzer when obstacles are detected. It also includes a location tracking module using GPS and GSM to send the user's location to contacts in emergencies. The stick is controlled with a microcontroller and aims to provide more accurate detection than traditional blind sticks by combining multiple sensor types. It allows visually impaired users to navigate with greater confidence, safety, and independence.
Hand gesture recognition using ultrasonic sensor and atmega128 microcontrollereSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptxoperationspcvita
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
2. 676 IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 60, No. 4, November 2014
inserting one more PIR sensor to the system and modifying
the WTA hash based classification algorithm accordingly,
the new system is now capable of recognizing an additional
set of hand movements, i.e. besides vertical and horizontal
hand motions it can recognize the circular
(clockwise/counter-clockwise) motions of a hand as well.
Furthermore, with the new setup and updates in the methods
used in both video and PIR sensors signals analysis the
proposed system achieves higher recognition accuracy for a
greater set of hand motions.
Operating principles of a differential PIR sensor and the
PIR sensor array based hand gesture recognition method are
described in Section II. WTA hash coding based sensor
decision fusion is described in Section II-B. Video analysis
carried out for hand detection is presented in Section III.
Experiments and results are presented in Section IV.
II. HAND GESTURE DETECTION AND RECOGNITION USING
DIFFERENTIAL PIR SENSOR ARRAY
Differential PIR sensors give response to the change of
infrared radiation in their viewing range. But this change may
be caused by the motion of a hand, head or the whole body.
To solve this problem, the proposed system first determines
for the presence of any motion in the interested area with the
help of the PIR sensors. Whenever the analog decision
circuitry of one of the PIR sensors determines motion and
video analysis decides that the motion is due to a hand
gesture, the PIR sensor signals are recorded and analyzed in
real-time. Hand gestures classified by the differential PIR
sensor array-only system are right-to-left, left-to-right,
upward, downward, clockwise and counter-clockwise
motions.
Feature parameters extracted from the PIR sensor signals
are based on wavelet transform. Wavelet domain feature
vectors are transformed into binary codes using WTA hash
algorithm. A similarity metric is proposed by calculating the
Jaccard distance between these binary codes and the reference
codes created during training. The action is classified
according to the training data and using the Jaccard distance
metric.
A. Operating Principles of the PIR Sensor System and Data
Acquisition
A differential PIR sensor basically measures the difference
of infrared radiation density between the two pyro-electric
elements inside. The elements connected in parallel cancel the
normal temperature alterations and the changes caused by
airflow. When these elements are exposed to the same amount
of infrared radiation they cancel each other and the sensor
produces a zero-output. Thus the analog circuitry of the PIR
sensor can reject false detections very effectively.
Commercially available PIR motion detector circuits
produce binary outputs. However, it is possible to capture a
continuous-time analog signal representing the amplitude of
the voltage signal which is the transient behavior of the
circuit. The corresponding circuit for capturing an analog
output signal from the PIR sensor is shown in Fig. 1. The
circuit consists of four operational amplifiers (op amps), U1A,
U1B, U1C and U1D. U1A and U1B constitute a two stage
amplifier circuit whereas U1C and U1D couple behaves as a
comparator. The very-low amplitude raw output at the 2nd
pin
of the PIR sensor is amplified through the two stage amplifier
circuit. The amplified signal at the output of U1B is fed into
the comparator structure which outputs a binary signal, either
0 V or 5 V. Instead of using binary output in the original
version of the PIR sensor read-out circuit, the analog output
signal at the output of the 2nd
op amp U1B is captured directly.
The analog output signal is digitized using a microcontroller
with a sampling rate of 100 Hz and transferred to a general-
purpose computer for further processing. A typical sampled
differential PIR sensor output signal for no activity case using
8 bit quantization is shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 1. The circuit diagram for capturing an analog output signal from a PIR sensor.
3. F. Erden and A. E. Çetin: Hand Gesture Based Remote Control System Using Infrared Sensors and a Camera 677
B. Processing Sensor Output Signals and Decision
Mechanism
In this approach, wavelet based signal processing methods
are used to extract features from sensor signals. Wavelet domain
analysis provides robustness to variations in the sensor signal
caused by temperature changes in the environment. In order to
keep the computational cost of the detection low, Lagrange
filters are used to compute wavelet coefficients.
Fig. 2. A typical PIR sensor output signal when there is no acitivity within
its viewing range (sampled at 100 Hz)
Let [ ]x n be a sampled version of the signal produced by
one of the PIR sensors. Wavelet coefficients are obtained after
a single stage sub-band decomposition corresponds to [25 Hz,
50 Hz] frequency band information of the original sensor
output signal [ ]x n because the sampling rate is 100 Hz. In this
single stage sub-band decomposition, output signal is filtered
with an integer arithmetic high-pass filter corresponding to
Lagrange wavelets [15] followed by decimation by 2. The
transfer function of the high-pass filter- ( )H z is given by:
1 11 1
( ) ( ).
2 4
H z z z
(1)
The wavelet signals obtained from the two members of the
PIR sensor array due to a right-to-left hand motion are shown
in Fig. 3. In the hand gesture recognition system, viewing
range of the PIR sensors is directionally arranged so that left-
to-right, right-to-left, upward, downward, clockwise and
counter-clockwise hand movements are determined more
accurately. As shown in Fig. 3, the PIR on the right responds
earlier than the PIR on the left to a hand motion from right to
left. The hand enters the viewing range of the right-most PIR
first due to the directional arrangement of the PIR sensors.
Sampled signals from each differential PIR sensor are divided
into time windows of length 200 samples covering a 2 seconds
period and wavelet coefficient sequences of length 100
corresponding to each window are computed. The demonstrator
PIR sensor array system consists of three PIR sensors each of
which is one corner of a triangle. Let , [ ]r nw k , , [ ]l nw k and , [ ]u nw k
(1,...,100)k represent the wavelet coefficient sequences
corresponding to n -th data windows of the PIR sensor signals
in the right side, left side and the one on top, respectively.
Vectors ,r nw , ,l nw and ,u nw are concatenated and a vector ,s nw , of
length 300 for the n -th window is formed. Afterwards this
feature vector, which represents all members of the PIR sensor
array at the same time, is transformed into binary codes using
the WTA hash method. WTA hashing provides a way to
convert arbitrary feature vectors into compact binary codes.
These codes are resilient to small perturbations in the feature
vector. They preserve the rank correlation and can be easily
calculated [16]. Computing of a WTA code XC , corresponding
to a feature vector ,s nw is explained in Algorithm I.
ALGORITHM I
WTA HASH ALGORITHM
a. Generate random permutation matrices- i s, each
of size M M , 1,2,3,...,i h .
( :M the length of the vector ,s nw )
b. For 0: 1i h
* ,i i s nW w
* select first K items of iW
* find the index of the maximum item
* convert to binary code- ixc
c. 0 1 1
[ , ,..., ]hX x x xC c c c
Random permutation matrix- i has exactly one entry 1 in
each row and each column and 0s elsewhere. i s are
generated once at the beginning of the algorithm and then
used to permute the wavelet coefficient sequences
corresponding to each data window.
Fig. 3. Wavelet transform of the two PIR sensors signals due to a right-to-
left hand motion.
In the classification process of 1-D signals received from the
PIR sensors, the method described by Dean et al. [17], which
calculates a WTA code based Hamming distance metric to find the
similarity of images, is used. Hamming distance value depends on
the length of the code sequence. Instead, Jaccard distance metric
which takes values in the interval [0, 1] independent of the length
4. 678 IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 60, No. 4, November 2014
of the code sequence is used. The class affiliation of each data
window is determined by computing the Jaccard distance between
the binary code of the data window and the representative member
of each action class. While calculating the Jaccard distance
between any 1C and 2C binary code sequences of the same length,
the contingency table is formed first (Table I).
Parameters ,p ,q r and s in Table I represent the number of
cases 1,iC and 2,iC are both 1, 1,iC is 0 and 2,iC is 1, 1,iC is 1 and
2,iC is 0 and 1,iC and 2,iC are both 0, respectively. Depending
upon these values, the Jaccard distance between 1C and 2C
sequences is calculated as follows:
1 2,C C
q r
d
p q r
(2)
TABLE I
CONTINGENCY TABLE
C1
1 0
C2
1 p q
0 r s
Jaccard distances between the WTA code of ,s nw and the
codes determined during training phase for each model are
calculated and the model yielding the smallest distance is
reported as the result of the analysis for the n -th data window.
III. HAND DETECTION USING VIDEO ANALYSIS
Motion detected by the PIR sensors may be due to the
movement of a head or whole body of the viewer. Therefore,
identification of hand is critical to reduce false alarms.
Whenever the analog decision circuitry of the PIR sensor
detects motion in the viewing range of one of the PIR sensors,
video analysis starts. Standard video analysis methods are used
to detect hand within the range of the regular camera. Since the
video analysis is controlled by PIR sensors, the resulting system
is a low-power consuming system.
First, the presence of a raised hand in the viewing range of
the camera is detected. If it is a hand it is possible to recognize
the following hand gestures: (i) right-to-left, (ii) left-to-right,
(iii) upward, (iv) downward, (v) clockwise, (vi) counter-
clockwise hand motions, (vii) open, (viii) closed hand decisions
and (ix) counting the number of open fingers. This is useful to
change the channels in TV sets and/or set top boxes. One can go
to the next channel or the previous one and raise or lower the
sound volume by waving his or her hand.
A. Skin Detection Using Classical Color Spaces
Skin colored regions are first detected and then convex
hull-defect analysis is performed to recognize the above hand
gestures. HSV and YCbCr color spaces are, in general, used
for skin detection [18]. In this article YCbCr color space is
used, because it is computationally efficient to obtain the
YCbCr components from the RGB video color data.
After having the appropriate skin mask, morphological
operations, dilation and erosion, are applied to have a cleaner
mask. In dilation phase bright areas within the image are
grown by scanning a circle shaped kernel over the image.
During the erosion phase the same circle shaped kernel is
used. As a result bright areas of the image become thinner
after the erosion procedure making the fingers more visible.
B. Convex Hull-Defect Analysis
In this stage, contours extracted from the binary hand mask
are processed using the convex hull-defect analysis. After
calculating the area of the extracted contours, the largest area
is found and assumed to be a ‘hand’. By lifting his or her hand
closer to the camera than his or her face, the user clearly
makes his or her intention to control the system as illustrated
in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Hand image and the corresponding convex hull-defect and contour
lines.
A pre-defined hand gesture further reduces false alarms.
For example the user may open his or her fingers as shown in
Fig. 4. This is an unnatural hand gesture therefore it can be
used as a remote control signal to the appliance. If the system
recognizes more than three fingers, it starts the PIR signal
analysis.
Convex defect analysis algorithm proposed by Graham and
Yao [19] provides three important parameters: start point, end
point and depth information. These parameters represent
respectively, the point where defect starts, where it ends and
the longest distance between these start and end points. The
points and the lines are shown on a hand image in Fig 4. The
number of depth lines above a pre-defined length gives the
number of open fingers. If the number of open fingers counted
is zero, the hand is closed, and if it is one or greater than one,
the hand is considered open.
IV. EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS
The multimodal demonstrator system consisting of three
differential PIR sensors and a camera is shown in Fig. 5. It can
detect hand and recognize left-to-right, right-to-left, clockwise
and counter-clockwise hand gestures. It is also possible to
5. F. Erden and A. E. Çetin: Hand Gesture Based Remote Control System Using Infrared Sensors and a Camera 679
detect upward/downward motions as well by adding one more
PIR sensor aligned with the top PIR sensor into the system.
As pointed in Section III, whenever the user wants to
interact with an electrical appliance, he or she raises his or her
hand with open fingers in front of the camera. The user can
end the controlling action when he or she makes a fist. After
detection of a fist by the camera, the multimodal system goes
to standby mode and if the user wants to give more
commands, he activates the system again by showing his or
her hands with open fingers in front of the camera.
Fig. 5. Setup of the hand gesture detection and recognition system (3
differential PIR sensors and a laptop’s camera)
The system can detect and recognize hand gestures up to
1.5 meters. It is assumed that the distance between the user
and the TV set is about 1.5 to 2 meters. It is also possible to
increase the range using PIR sensors with more directional
selectivity and range. There is a Fresnel lens in front of most
PIR sensors. The quality of the lens improves the range of the
sensor.
TABLE II
CLASSIFICATION RESULTS FOR 312 LEFT-TO-RIGHT/RIGHT-TO-LEFT, 298
UPWARD/DOWNWARD AND 282 CLOCKWISE/COUNTER-CLOCKWISE HAND
MOTIONS BELONGING TO SIX DIFFERENT USERS.
Direction
Number of
tests
False
detections
Accuracy (%)
left/right 312 4 98.7
up/down 298 7 97.6
circular 282 16 94.3
Classification results for 312 left-to-right/right-to-left, 298
upward/downward and 282 clockwise/counter-clockwise hand
motions belonging to six different users sitting in front of the
multimodal system at a distance of 2 meters are summarized
in Table II. The results in the second row of Table II are
obtained by rotating the PIR sensor array system by 90
degrees. The accuracy reported by Wojtczuk et al. [13] for
upward/downward, left-to-right/right-to-left cases is 92.6%.
On the other hand the overall accuracy of the proposed
multimodal system for these hand motions is 98.2%. The
multimodal system is able to recognize circular motions, i.e.
clockwise and counter-clockwise hand motions, as well with a
success rate of 94.3%.
V. CONCLUSION
In this article a multimodal hand gesture detection and
recognition system is presented. Since both infrared and
visible range information is used, the proposed system is more
accurate than IR-only and less power consuming than camera-
only systems.
A novel WTA code based sensor fusion algorithm is also
presented for 1-D PIR sensor signal processing. The algorithm
fuses the data coming from the different PIR sensors in an
automatic manner to determine left-to-right, right-to-left,
upward, downward, clockwise and counter-clockwise motions.
A Jaccard distance based metric is used to classify the hash
codes of feature vectors extracted from sensor signals.
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BIOGRAPHIES
F. Erden received his B.Sc and M.S degrees in Electrical
and Electronics Engineering from Bilkent University,
Ankara, Turkey. Since 2009, he has been a Ph.D. Student in
the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at
Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. His research
interests include sensor signal processing, sensor fusion,
multimodal surveillance systems and object tracking.
A. E. Çetin (F’09) studied Electrical Engineering at Middle
East Technical University. After getting his B.Sc. degree, he
got his M.S.E and Ph.D. degrees in Systems Engineering from
the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University
of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Between 1987-1989, he was
Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University
of Toronto, Canada. Since then he has been with Bilkent
University, Ankara, Turkey. Currently he is a full professor. He spent 1994-1995
academic year at Koç University in Istanbul, and 1996-1997 academic year at the
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA as a visiting associate professor. He is
involved in Multimedia Understanding Through Semantics and Computational
Learning Network of Excellence research MUSCLE-ERCIM, computer vision
based wild-fire detection research VBI Lab, biomedical signal and image
processing research , MIRACLE project , signal processing research for food
safety and quality applications, wavelet theory, inverse problems and used to carry
out research related to Turkish Language and Speech Processing. He is currently a
member of the SPTM technical committee of the IEEE Signal Processing Society.
He founded the Turkish Chapter of the IEEE Signal Processing Society in 1991.
He was on the editorial boards of EURASIP Journals, Signal Processing and
Journal of Advances in Signal Processing (JASP). Currently, he is the Editor-in-
Chief of Signal, Image and Video Processing SIViP, and a member of the editorial
boards of IEEE CAS for Video Technology and IEEE Signal Processing
Magazine. He holds four US patents.