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GEO_L7_climatic_regions_world_part_2.pptx
- 1.
- 2. Climatic Regions ofthe world
- 3. 1) Equatorial region 2)Hot desert 3) Continental deserts 4) Tropical grasslands 5) Temperate grasslands 6) Tropical monsoon 7) Mediterranean climate 8) China type 9) British type 10) Laurentian type 11) Taiga 12) Tundra Climatic regions of the world
- 4. Equatorial regions inthe world 1st
- 5.
- 6. Tropical Deserts Off-Shore Trade winds Effectof Cold currents 2nd
- 7.
- 8. China South America ContinentalDesert Continentality Rain-shadow region 3th
- 9. climate Extreme weather Hot summer-cold winter High annual temperature range Vegetation Continental deserts
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- 11. South America Savannahin Africa Tropical grasslands Equatorial Rainforest Savannah Savannah Sahara Desert Equatorial Rainforest
- 12. Climate Distinct hot anddry weather Summer rainfall Vegetation Tropical grasslands
- 13. Savanna tress Baoabtrees Tropical grasslands
- 14. Prairies of NorthAmerica Pampas of S. Ame Temperate grasslands 5th Mississippi -Missouri Basin Parana- Paraguay Basin
- 15. Steppe of CentralAsia Veldt of Africa Temperate grasslands
- 16. Downs of AustraliaClimate Temperate grasslands DOWNS Murray- Darling Basin Cool and wet Under westerlies
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- 18. Agriculture Animal husbandry Dairy- meatproduction Wheat production Truck-farming Economy Temperate Grasslands
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- 20.
- 21. Intensive agriculture Shiftingcultivation Tropical Monsoon: economy
- 22. Warm temperate Westernmargin Warm temperate Eastern margin Cool temperate Western margin Cool temperate Eastern margin Taiga Tundra
- 23. •Mediterranean climate •Area around Mediterranean Sea •California, USA •CentralChile, South America •Southern tip of South Africa •South Australia Warm temperate western margin 7th
- 24. •Shifting wind belt •Insummer – apparent movement of the sun towards north – region comes under influence of off- shore North trade winds => no rain •Distinct dry season Mediterranean climate
- 25. •In winters –apparent movement of the sun towards south – region comes under influence of westerlies => rainfall •Winter rainfall Mediterranean climate
- 26. Movement of Jetstreams
- 27. •Winter – cyclonicrain in Atlantic -> these cyclones are carried by STWJ to Northern India in winter – western disturbances in northern India during winter Mediterranean climate STWJ STWJ
- 28. •Shrubs and bushes withscattered stunted trees •The natural grass is so wiry and bunchy – not suitable for cattle rearing => Mediterranean region net importer of dairy products Mediterranean climate
- 29. •Trees without shed, stunted massivetrunks, wide spread roots – because winter rain – growth limited to autumn and spring when moisture content is sufficient Mediterranean vegetation
- 30. Different names ofmedi. vegetation country Name of vegetation Southern France Maquis Italy Macchia California Chaparral Australia Mallee scrub
- 31. •Not suitable for agriculture– but cultivation using irrigation network •Wheat and barley grown •Chief cooking oil – olives Agriculture in Mediterranean
- 32. •Citrus fruit plantation –World’s orchard lands – fruit trees – long deep root, to survive during dry summer •oranges, grapes, lemon •California – Sunkist oranges •Negev desert of Israel – Jaffa oranges •Spain – Seville oranges Mediterranean agriculture
- 33. Country Name ofwine Southern Spain sherry Portugal Port wine Italy Chianti and Marsala France Champagne, Bordeaux, Burgundy viticulture
- 34. •Viticulture: •Ebro basin inSpain • Po valley in Italy •Rhone basin in France •Sicily Island of Italy •Algeria in Africa: exports wine Mediterranean in Europe
- 35. •California state ofUSA •San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego •Fruit plantation – oranges, grapes, Olives •California – high productivity Mediterranean in USA
- 36. •Central Chile •Cities: Santiago(cap. Of Chile) •Valparaiso •Wine manufacturing Mediterranean in South America
- 37. •Southern tip of Australia •Cities:Perth and Adelaide •Fruit plantation Mediterranean in Australia
- 38. •Imp Cities: •Cape town,Port Elizabeth •Fruit plantation Mediterranean in South Africa
- 39. Warm temperate easternmargin 8th
- 40. China type Gulftype Natal type Central and north china S E USA Natal, South Africa Southern Japan (gulf of Mexico) Eastern Australia Southern Brazil Warm temperate eastern margin
- 41. •Similar to tropical monsoon •ButRainfall throughout the year •summer –intense heating of central Asia •south east monsoon China Type
- 42. •In winter ->north-west monsoon •Siberian plateau – HP anticyclone, cold air flow outwards as North West monsoon- snow fall and rain on windward side of the mountains China type Yellow sea
- 43. •Rainfall is alsodue to local storms – typhoons (China) in late summers •More rainfall than Mediterranean climate though being on the same latitude China Type
- 44. • Less annual temperaturerange – warm due to gulf stream (ocean current) and on- shore trade winds • Imp cities: New Orleans, Atlanta Gulf Type
- 45. •No distinct dryseason •Rainfall maximum in summer-mT unstable air mass - thunderstorms Gulf type
- 46. Late Summer-Hurricanes Winter-temperate cyclone Gulf type
- 47. •Narrow land, dominance of maritimeclimate •South east trade winds bring even distribution of rainfall throughout the year •Imp City: Durban Natal Type
- 48. •High rainfall, warm temp, longgrowing season •Evergreen vegetation – broadleaved forest – grass, ferns, bamboos, palms vegetation
- 49. •Intensive agriculture •Rice cultivation – largestrice production •Sericulture •Yangtze, Si-kiang river basins Agriculture in China type
- 50. •Best suited for cottoncultivation •Long growing season, frost free days, bright sunlight, high rainfall •Tobacco cultivation •Famous Virginia tobacco Agriculture in gulf type
- 51. Country Economic activity ChinaRice, tea, cotton, maize, mulberry Natal Sugarcane South America Coffee and maize USA Maize region – cotton – tobacco (Virginia tobacco) Economic activities in China type
- 52. •British type •Britain, Northern France,Northern Germany, Norway •Western Canada – Vancouver Island •Tasmania, New Zealand •Southern Chile •Not in Africa cool temperate western margin 9th
- 53. •Best climate for humanhabitation •Warm current moderate climate – North Atlantic drift, Alaskan current •Moderate climate – warm summer, cool winters •Low annual temperature range British type
- 54. •Rainfall from westerlies •western coast receivethe most – rainfall decreas towards interior •Temperate cyclones – rainfall in winters British type
- 55. •Tall trees with goodcanopy cover • soft wood •trees in pure stand •Oak, elm, birch British type
- 56. •Lumbering in Canada –Vancouver city •Systematic lumbering •Winter cutting – wood logs float in the rivers to industries •Wood furniture and paper making British type
- 57. •Agriculture – market gardening =>cultivation of fruits and vegetables •Tasmania (Aus.) – apple farming British type
- 58. • Laurentian Type •Transition between British and Siberian climate • Laurentian plateau, Labrador plateau – Quebec state • New England region of USA • China Manchurian part, South east part of Russia, Northern Japan Cool temperate Eastern margin 10th
- 59. •Not in southern hemisphere- becausehardly any land beyond 40 degree latitude •South America – Andes block the westerlies – oceanic influence Laurentian type
- 60. •Rainfall throughout the year •Summer- Westerlies bring rain due to moisture content of Great lakes •Winter - Gulf stream increases moisture content of polar easterly wind from Atlantic Laurentian climate, N. America
- 61. •In china –summer max •summer – intense heating of land – rainfall - wind from pacific •Winter – anti-cyclonic condition in the heart of Asia – cold wind blows out – snow fall in mountainous area Laurentian type, China
- 62. •Rainfall from south eastmonsoon in summer •north west monsoon in winter – dry wind from Siberia – become moist from east china sea •Maritime influence Climate of Japan Sea of Japan
- 63. • Coniferous forest– lumbering – Oak, birch, beech, maple • Agriculture: Potatoes, oats, barley, soya beans • Nova scotia (Canada)– apple farming Laurentian type
- 64. •Temperate regions – fishin large shoals •Cod, mackerel, tuna, salmon •Economically profitable •Mechanised sophisticated fishing •St.John’s port in Newfoundland – grand banks Laurentian type
- 65. •Not in southern hemisphere •Siberiain Russia, Northern Canada, Scandinavia • Very cold winter, warm summer •Blizzard in Canada, Buran in Siberia •Very high annual temperature range Taiga 11th
- 66. •Rainfall throughout the year •Temperatecyclones •Evergreen coniferous forest ( Juniper, Spruce, Birch)– soft wood in pure strands Taiga
- 67. •Fur bearing animals– warm blooded – muskrat, mink, silver fox •Taiga: limited economic prospects •Hard weather Taiga
- 68. • Arctic orpolar climate • Northern Canada and Northern Russia • Periglacial climate • Freezing winter, thawing in summer • Summer short and cool • Mosses, linchens (algae and fungi) – ephemeral flowering plants Tundra 12th
- 69. •Aborigines: •Canada – Inuits, Aleutians •Russia– Chukchi, Buriyat (baikal) •Norway- Finland – Lapps •Nomadic herders Tundra
- 70. Prelims 2002 Q. Consider thefollowing statements: 1. In equatorial regions, the year is divided into four main seasons 2. In Mediterranean region, summer month receives more rain 3. In china type climate, rainfall occurs throughout the year 4. Tropical high lands exhibit vertical zonation of different climate UPSC Question
- 71. Prelims 2002 Which of thesestatements are correct? a) 1,2,3 and 4 b) 1,2 and 3 c) 1,2 and 4 d) 3 and 4 Ans. D) UPSC Question
- 72. •With increasing height –decrease in moisture •Soil layer becomes thinner •Changes in vegetation pattern Vertical zonation in highlands
- 73. Prelims 2002 Q. Consider theecosystems: 1. Taiga 2. Tropical evergreen 3. Tropical deciduous 4. Tundra The correct sequence in decreasing order of albedo values of these ecosystem is: UPSC Question