unani or Unani medicine (Urdu: طب یونانی tibb yūnānī) is the term for Perso-Arabic traditional medicine, practiced in Mughal India and in Muslim culture in South Asia and modern day Central Asia. The term is derived from Arabic Yūnānī "Greek", as the Perso-Arabic system of medicine was in turn based on the teachings of the Greek physicians Hippocrates and Galen.The medical tradition of medieval Islam was introduced to India by the 13th century with the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and it took its own course of development during the Mughal Empire , influenced by Indian medical teachings of Sushruta and Charaka.
THROUGH A LIGHT ON PHARMACY AS A PART OF MALL CULTURE & THEIR ECONOMICAL VIAB...amitkandhare
It is outcome research survey in sell and purchase of different type of pharmacies correlating them with customer satisfaction. Our research concerns more about behavioral pattern of customers attitude for getting medicines either retail individual pharmacy or chain/shopping mall pharmacy. Through this research we focus on likelihood of sale and purchase or need of categories of pharmaceutical division and dealership in metropolitan cities.
ANTI-DYSENTERIC
Definition
● Dysentery is an infection of the intestines that causes diarrhoea containing blood or mucus.
● Antidysenterics are the drugs used for treatment of dysentery.
Examples:
● Ipecacuanha
unani or Unani medicine (Urdu: طب یونانی tibb yūnānī) is the term for Perso-Arabic traditional medicine, practiced in Mughal India and in Muslim culture in South Asia and modern day Central Asia. The term is derived from Arabic Yūnānī "Greek", as the Perso-Arabic system of medicine was in turn based on the teachings of the Greek physicians Hippocrates and Galen.The medical tradition of medieval Islam was introduced to India by the 13th century with the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and it took its own course of development during the Mughal Empire , influenced by Indian medical teachings of Sushruta and Charaka.
THROUGH A LIGHT ON PHARMACY AS A PART OF MALL CULTURE & THEIR ECONOMICAL VIAB...amitkandhare
It is outcome research survey in sell and purchase of different type of pharmacies correlating them with customer satisfaction. Our research concerns more about behavioral pattern of customers attitude for getting medicines either retail individual pharmacy or chain/shopping mall pharmacy. Through this research we focus on likelihood of sale and purchase or need of categories of pharmaceutical division and dealership in metropolitan cities.
ANTI-DYSENTERIC
Definition
● Dysentery is an infection of the intestines that causes diarrhoea containing blood or mucus.
● Antidysenterics are the drugs used for treatment of dysentery.
Examples:
● Ipecacuanha
Pharmaceutical Solutions. Definition: Homogeneous liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical substances dissolved, i.e., molecularly dispersed, in a suitable solvent or mixture of mutually miscible solvents.
Systems of medicine- Unani system and its role in PharmacognosyAshish Singhai
Unani system of Medicine and its role in current science and pharmacognosy, its principles, treatment and diagnosis strategies, history, recent approaches
Ammi visnaga is a medicinal plant used in various disease treatment . It's a part of pharmaceutical pharmacognosy .
It's a medicinal plant having various pharmacological activities.
An Infectious Disease Specialist, Dr Mandar Kubal Speaks to Pharma on How it ...Anup Soans
Key Point from the Q &A with Dr. Mandar Kubal, Mumbai
Telemedicine has become a very useful tool for clinicians to manage their patients.
Given the ever changing contours of Covid19 treatment, doctors have to check daily for online resources.
It would be wonderful if pharma can provide every specialty the latest developments in treating Covid19 with pre existing conditions instead of sending their unvaccinated field force to give brand reminders.
Pharma should seek frontline worker status for Medical Reps and Field Managers as they are critical to maintain the drug supply chain.
Treat the Field Force as an asset and protect them, instead of pushing them onto the field without vaccination.
And many more insights from a clinician at the frontlines of treating Covid19 patients.
Now on MedicinMan YouTube Channel - https://youtu.be/J_p3paeO_eg
Key Challenges Facing Pharma Industry and the Way ForwardAnup Soans
Suresh Subramanian, pharma veteran discusses Key Challenges Facing Pharma Industry and the Way Forward on Saturday, 27th March at 6 PM on https://www.credoweb.in/discussion/630/key-challenges-facing-pharma-industry-and-the-way-forward
MedicinMan CEO Roundtable 2021 is here... Saturday, Feb 27thAnup Soans
Covid-19 has hugely affected the modes of interaction between physicians and pharma Sales Force.
As of February 2021, most pharma companies in India re-started their F2F visits even though most corporate hospitals have restricted access to salesforce
What is keeping most CEOs awake – How to respond to customer expectations and adjust the content and format accordingly.
How to track complexities of implementation of a new model into marketing & sales teams.
Many research reports have indicated that a hybrid (mixed model) that includes face to face and digital interactions are favoured by most respondent Physicians.
The other challenge is the need to change the outdated traditional digital model, which is overused and creates digital noise into an innovative interactive model.
Register Now: https://lnkd.in/gmJK8et
Key Account Management - Time for India Pharma to Adopt KAMAnup Soans
Pharma's 40-year Model of Pitching to the HCPs is Over says Hanno Wolfram author of Key Account Management in Pharma...
Watch the webinar on Digital Excellence Pharma Academy today at 6 PM to know more - https://lnkd.in/gjZRN6q
How can Pharma Use Digital to Engage Doctors and Understand PatientsAnup Soans
Doctors and patients are already using digital for many healthcare needs. Telemedicine is a prime example.
A Webinar by Dr. Shenoy Robinson today at 6 PM on - https://www.credoweb.in/discussion/604/how-can-pharma-use-digital-to-engage-doctors-and-understand-patients
How can Pharma Use Digital to Engage Doctors and Understand Patients
Why Indian Pharma Needs to Enable Managers to Develop TalentAnup Soans
People need the support of their leaders and organisations processes to develop their talents.
Deep Bhandari delves deep into the topic of Talent Development and its impact on individuals and organisations.
Digital Excellence Pharma Academy Certification ProgramAnup Soans
Now on YouTube: Gartner's Top Five Priorities for Pharma Business Leaders and @Hariram K's Key Learning Points on Leadership
25-minute discussion with Deep Bhandari on the Gartner Report and Leadership Imperatives by Hariram Krishnan on How the DEPA Certification Program Can Make Pharma Professionals Future Proof
https://lnkd.in/gHiT_WU via @YouTube
Architecture To Develop Pharma Business Leaders For Today and Tomorrow Anup Soans
4 Factors of Digital Transformation
1. Leadership Mindset for Digital Transformation
2. Digital Transformation - Why and How to Do it Right
3. Sales and Sales Management - Challenges & Solutions
4. Customer/Patient Centricity - Why and How to Do it Right
What is Indian Pharma Thinking about Digital? A Research ProjectAnup Soans
First Ever Indian Pharma Centric Survey: A CredoWeb India – #MedicinMan Research Project
As a part of Digital Excellence Pharma Academy , we initiated a research project with a detailed survey to understand the current status and issues faced by Indian Pharma companies in adopting digital to bridge the pharma – physicians disconnect.
You can know more about the scope and scale of this research project and survey at https://lnkd.in/gR5JMer
Digital Excellence Pharma Academy - Webinar & Online Certification ProgramAnup Soans
Ready for the next Webinar on Digitalisation of Pharma Marketing?
Digital Excellence Pharma Academy a partnership between MedicinMan and CredoWeb not only equips pharma/devices/diagnostics/disposable company employees with KA$H (you’ll learn about KA$H soon in the future webinars), but offers you the ability to adopt the digital platform to communicate and engage your customers and create lasting experiences to build your relationship with customers.
To know more on how to engage doctors via digital, attend 40+ webinars brought to you by CredoWeb in partnership with MedicinMan - follow 3 simple steps:
Go to www.credoweb.in
Create your “Pharma professional” registration
Follow Digital Excellence Pharma Academy page and stay tuned for our webinars for which you will be cordially invited
Pharmaceutical Solutions. Definition: Homogeneous liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical substances dissolved, i.e., molecularly dispersed, in a suitable solvent or mixture of mutually miscible solvents.
Systems of medicine- Unani system and its role in PharmacognosyAshish Singhai
Unani system of Medicine and its role in current science and pharmacognosy, its principles, treatment and diagnosis strategies, history, recent approaches
Ammi visnaga is a medicinal plant used in various disease treatment . It's a part of pharmaceutical pharmacognosy .
It's a medicinal plant having various pharmacological activities.
An Infectious Disease Specialist, Dr Mandar Kubal Speaks to Pharma on How it ...Anup Soans
Key Point from the Q &A with Dr. Mandar Kubal, Mumbai
Telemedicine has become a very useful tool for clinicians to manage their patients.
Given the ever changing contours of Covid19 treatment, doctors have to check daily for online resources.
It would be wonderful if pharma can provide every specialty the latest developments in treating Covid19 with pre existing conditions instead of sending their unvaccinated field force to give brand reminders.
Pharma should seek frontline worker status for Medical Reps and Field Managers as they are critical to maintain the drug supply chain.
Treat the Field Force as an asset and protect them, instead of pushing them onto the field without vaccination.
And many more insights from a clinician at the frontlines of treating Covid19 patients.
Now on MedicinMan YouTube Channel - https://youtu.be/J_p3paeO_eg
Key Challenges Facing Pharma Industry and the Way ForwardAnup Soans
Suresh Subramanian, pharma veteran discusses Key Challenges Facing Pharma Industry and the Way Forward on Saturday, 27th March at 6 PM on https://www.credoweb.in/discussion/630/key-challenges-facing-pharma-industry-and-the-way-forward
MedicinMan CEO Roundtable 2021 is here... Saturday, Feb 27thAnup Soans
Covid-19 has hugely affected the modes of interaction between physicians and pharma Sales Force.
As of February 2021, most pharma companies in India re-started their F2F visits even though most corporate hospitals have restricted access to salesforce
What is keeping most CEOs awake – How to respond to customer expectations and adjust the content and format accordingly.
How to track complexities of implementation of a new model into marketing & sales teams.
Many research reports have indicated that a hybrid (mixed model) that includes face to face and digital interactions are favoured by most respondent Physicians.
The other challenge is the need to change the outdated traditional digital model, which is overused and creates digital noise into an innovative interactive model.
Register Now: https://lnkd.in/gmJK8et
Key Account Management - Time for India Pharma to Adopt KAMAnup Soans
Pharma's 40-year Model of Pitching to the HCPs is Over says Hanno Wolfram author of Key Account Management in Pharma...
Watch the webinar on Digital Excellence Pharma Academy today at 6 PM to know more - https://lnkd.in/gjZRN6q
How can Pharma Use Digital to Engage Doctors and Understand PatientsAnup Soans
Doctors and patients are already using digital for many healthcare needs. Telemedicine is a prime example.
A Webinar by Dr. Shenoy Robinson today at 6 PM on - https://www.credoweb.in/discussion/604/how-can-pharma-use-digital-to-engage-doctors-and-understand-patients
How can Pharma Use Digital to Engage Doctors and Understand Patients
Why Indian Pharma Needs to Enable Managers to Develop TalentAnup Soans
People need the support of their leaders and organisations processes to develop their talents.
Deep Bhandari delves deep into the topic of Talent Development and its impact on individuals and organisations.
Digital Excellence Pharma Academy Certification ProgramAnup Soans
Now on YouTube: Gartner's Top Five Priorities for Pharma Business Leaders and @Hariram K's Key Learning Points on Leadership
25-minute discussion with Deep Bhandari on the Gartner Report and Leadership Imperatives by Hariram Krishnan on How the DEPA Certification Program Can Make Pharma Professionals Future Proof
https://lnkd.in/gHiT_WU via @YouTube
Architecture To Develop Pharma Business Leaders For Today and Tomorrow Anup Soans
4 Factors of Digital Transformation
1. Leadership Mindset for Digital Transformation
2. Digital Transformation - Why and How to Do it Right
3. Sales and Sales Management - Challenges & Solutions
4. Customer/Patient Centricity - Why and How to Do it Right
What is Indian Pharma Thinking about Digital? A Research ProjectAnup Soans
First Ever Indian Pharma Centric Survey: A CredoWeb India – #MedicinMan Research Project
As a part of Digital Excellence Pharma Academy , we initiated a research project with a detailed survey to understand the current status and issues faced by Indian Pharma companies in adopting digital to bridge the pharma – physicians disconnect.
You can know more about the scope and scale of this research project and survey at https://lnkd.in/gR5JMer
Digital Excellence Pharma Academy - Webinar & Online Certification ProgramAnup Soans
Ready for the next Webinar on Digitalisation of Pharma Marketing?
Digital Excellence Pharma Academy a partnership between MedicinMan and CredoWeb not only equips pharma/devices/diagnostics/disposable company employees with KA$H (you’ll learn about KA$H soon in the future webinars), but offers you the ability to adopt the digital platform to communicate and engage your customers and create lasting experiences to build your relationship with customers.
To know more on how to engage doctors via digital, attend 40+ webinars brought to you by CredoWeb in partnership with MedicinMan - follow 3 simple steps:
Go to www.credoweb.in
Create your “Pharma professional” registration
Follow Digital Excellence Pharma Academy page and stay tuned for our webinars for which you will be cordially invited
The Mankind Pharma Story by Dr. Sumit GhoshalAnup Soans
Mankind was established in 1991, almost a decade after the industry leaders of today including Dr.Reddy’s and Sun Pharma, but has grown considerably faster than its contemporaries...
One reason for this is that unlike major drug makers who have a large portfolio of hundreds of products, mankind prefers to concentrate on a much smaller number of high value products. “they don’t bother with smaller products with a potential value of less than Rs.5 crore,” says a long-time industry watcher. thus Health OK, their OTC product, which is a combination of vitamins and nutritional medicines was able to generate Rs.50 crore in revenue within a year of its launch in 2014-15.
This is also the approach adopted by some multinationals like Sanofi, whose CEO Chris Viebacher said, that his company obtained a lion’s share of its revenue from just 15 top selling patented products...
Indian Pharma and Retail Pharmacies - Sales View PollAnup Soans
The Sales View poll concluded with valuable information on several key aspects of the Indian Pharmaceutical field force, especially in the strategies employed by medical sales reps to obtain marketing intelligence. With sales force considered to be a strong pillar of the pharmaceutical industry, gaining pointers on their day-to-day operations, and challenges faced, is indeed an asset in improving the pharma industry.
Such weekly and monthly data analysis by IQVIA and leading pharma KOLs will help you understand market dynamics better. Do participate in our polls and keep up with the latest opinions and trends on IQVIA Sales View.
Healthcare's Future will be Patient ExperienceAnup Soans
With healthcare reform now opening the door to more insured patients, it is not overwhelming what we hear nowadays that market access is dead and patient access is the new prescription for healthcare marketing.
Patient access helps when there is precariousness in the benefits, which will never be fully known until a product is used in the real world and over a period of time.
A patient access centered mindset aims to understand the patient and provider pathways, with the ultimate objective that all those patients who can optimally benefit from a product can have the access to the product.
Instead of a win/lose mindset at the core of market access, patient access tries to create win/win/win solutions that lead to value for patients, companies, and the healthcare system at large.
In such a scenario, several issues that should deal with patient access should be addressed such as:
Patient access as a guiding principle across all functions
Developing a clear and compelling value proposition for each stakeholder group
Creating a formal framework for understanding the impact of decisions on patient access
Getting payer input and advice early on
Enhanced patient satisfaction
Improved communication through shared data
Unethical Practices in Pharma - Interesting Study from Pakistan Anup Soans
This study clarifies the current pharmaceutical drug promotion and prescribing practices in Pakistan. The majority of prescribers and national pharmaceutical firms and to some extent the multinational pharmaceuticals are involved in unethical practices in drug promotion and prescribing. Alarming policies governing the drug promotion and prescribing are required to be implemented by the concerned regulatory authorities to avoid unnecessary harm to the patient’s life and pocket through the unethical drug promotion. The prescribers should not accept any incentives, gifts of financial value from any pharmaceutical companies in return for an increase in prescribing selected brand. On the other hand, pharmaceutical companies must compete in the market on the basis of the drug quality and do not offer any valuable gift and incentives to the prescribers. The interaction between doctors and phar- maceutical firms should be restricted within acceptable boundaries and the authorities must be prepared to play an active role. Strengthening the regulatory machinery and formulating policies in this regard in neces- sary. It is essential that a health care professional such as a pharmacist can play an important role in this process since he/she is an expert in the pharmaceutical field as well as more aware of the outcomes of unethical drug prescribing practices such as polypharmacy and adverse drug reactions.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
